英语写作基础词汇

136

写作基础词汇

Part 1

Education:

1

parenting

名词

家长给小孩的教育

The rise in maternal employment in all family types, combined with the rise in single

parenting

, calls for significant

attention to building strong support structures for children and teenagers.

2

3

4

schooling

cultivate

awareness=sense=recognition

名词

及物动词

教育

培养

名词

意识

He did not get much

schooling.

Mind is a temple to

cultivate

oneself.

?

Youth glided past without our

awareness.

?

It is shown that there exist

sense

of inferiority,

sense

of loss, anxiety,

sense

of depression in the course of the

development and getting useful of the civilian-run college students.

?

There's a growing

recognition

that parents should pay more attention to their children.

5

creative/original

形容词

有创造力的

?

He combines

creative

imagination and true scholarship.

?

His designs are highly

original

.

6

7

physical

psychological

形容词

形容词

身体的

心理的

Staying up late makes him at his worst in terms of

physical

situation.

There could be some

psychological

explanation for his bad

health.

8

9

peer

motivation

名词

名词

同龄人

动力

The opinions of his

peers

are more important to him than his parents' ideas.

?

The

relative

price

effect

states

that

the

only

efficient

motivation

for

employees

is

for

employers

to

offer

monetary rewards---the more money that is offered, the higher the

motivation

.

?

As is well known, the failure or success of English learning is largely decided by students' motivation, therefore,

as a teacher, the realization and arousal of students' learning

motivation

play an extremely important role in

teaching a language.

10

11

12

13

14

adapt to

discipline

memorise

acquire

动词短语

名词

及物动词

及物动词

形容词

适应

纪律

记忆

获得

有趣的

You must

adapt to

the norms of the society you live in.

The children are happy at the school, but they lack

discipline

.

Try to

memorise

the names of all the people you see there tonight.

She has mastered English grammar and

acquired

a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.

stimulating

Ecology as a subject has many

stimulating

characteristics.

1

/

8

Media

15

16

17

18

prevalent

objective

biased

形容词

形容词

形容词

名词

无处不在的

客观的

有偏见的

名人

The

prevalent

opinion is in favor of reform.

He finds it difficult to remain

objective

where his son is concerned.

Her colleagues are generally

biased

against her.

celebrity

An unhealthy obsession with

celebrity

culture is damaging the academic success of British students, a survey of

teachers found on Friday, with

celebrity

couple the Beck hams the favorite inspiration.

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

journalist

the press

coverage

misleading

dependable

up-to-the-minute

sway

informative

entertaining

名词

名词短语

名词

形容词

形容词

形容词

及物动词

形容词

形容词

记者

新闻界

报道

有误导性的

可靠的

非常及时的

影响大众

信息量大的

娱乐性强的

He's a

journalist

on the Daily Telegraph.

The majority of

the press

support the Government's foreign policy.

There's little

coverage

of foreign news in the newspaper.

The brochure was extremely

misleading

about the cost of the holiday.

I need someone

dependable

to look after the children while I'm at work.

Now we're going live to our reporter in Washington for

up-to-the-minute

news on the crisis.

Her speech failed to

sway

her colleagues into supporting the plan.

The book is extremely

informative

about life in Roman times.

His books aren't particularly well-written, but they're always

entertaining

.

Part 2

Technology

28

29

30

transform

breakthrough

advances

及物动词

名词

名词

/

动词

改变，代替

change

突破

发展

She used to be terribly shy, but a year abroad has completely

transformed

her.

The crucial

breakthrough

came almost by accident.

?

There have been great

advances

in medicine in the last ten years.

?

We have

advanced

greatly in our knowledge of the universe.

31

32

a staggering rate

information overload

名词短语

名词短语

惊人的速度

信息爆炸

The population is growing at

a staggering rate

.

Information overload

is too much information for one human being to absorb in an expanding world of people and

technology.

33

enhance=boost

及物动词

提高，增强

2

/

8

?

These scandals will not

enhance

the organization's reputation/image.

?

The total was

boosted

to nearly ?

200 by donations from parents.

34

35

36

innovation

telecommunications

productive

名词

名词

形容词

创新，发明

远程通讯

高生产率的

There is one

innovation

after another.

The

telecommunications

industry is one of the most profitable industries in our country.

They work hard, but their efforts are not very

productive

.

Government

37

38

39

40

41

42

priority

stability

名词

名词

及物动词

首要任务

稳定

建立

动词

减轻，缓解

动词短语

对…投资

解决

You must decide what your

priorities

are.

The

stability

and development of China was beneficial to world peace and development.

establish

His second novel

established

his fame as a writer.

Solve=combat=tackle=resolve=address

alleviate=ease

invest in=allocate money to

及物动词

How to

solve

building construction noise is always a problem which people try to solve.

They

alleviated

the boredom of waiting by singing songs.

In order to ensure competitiveness we will continue to

invest

heavily

in

infrastructure projects such as building

railways, roads, and we will continue to

invest heavily in

education.

43

44

45

the authorities

ban=forbid=prohibit

scrutinize/monitor

名词短语

及物动词

及物动词

当局

禁止

监督

The government is the highest

authority

in the country.

The Government has

banned

the use of chemical weapons.

Top athletes

scrutinize

both success and failure with their coach to extract lessons from them, but they are never

distracted from longer-term goals.

46

47

administer

tax revenue

及物动词

管理

税收

It takes brains to

administer

a large corporation.

This shows that the tax payment of foreign-funded enterprises has become an indispensable source of China's

tax

revenue

.

48

49

democratic

demand

形容词

动词

/

名词

民主的

需求

If we want to live a peaceful and

democratic

life, we cannot help object to war.

?

Demand

for skilled workers is high; but there is no demand for unskilled ones.

?

He

demands

to be told everything.

50

efficient

形容词

高效率的

The heating system has recently been modified to make it more

efficient

.

3

/

8

Part 3

Tourism

51

broaden your horizons/expand one

’

s outlook

开阔人的眼界

?

Good novels

broaden your horizons

.

?

Learning a foreign language can

expand one's scope/outlook

.

52

53

conflict

explore

名词

及物动词

冲突

探索

Something is bound to happen one way or another to end the

conflict

or solve the problem.

Thus, they can come closer to the advanced science and technology to

explore

science and technology, to

explore

the

profoundness of science and technology.

54

55

promote

tourist attractions

及物动词

名词

促进

旅游点

The organization works to

promote

friendship between nations.

As the Hawaii of the East, swimming at the beaches of tropical Singapore should be one of its

tourist attractions

.

56

57

local residents/inhabitants

mutual understanding

当地居民

互相了解

The

local residents/inhabitants

tend to be suspicious of strangers.

It is the planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and

mutual understanding

between an

organization and its publics.

58

enrich personal experience

丰富人的经历

Traveling can

enrich personal experience

.

Language

59

The proliferation of

…的大量扩散

The rapid proliferation of

microcomputer will doubtless cause many social dislocations.

60

play a dominant role in

在…占统治地位

The television pundits

play a dominant role in

molding public opinion.

61

go extinct

灭绝

Scientists say that seventy-four different kinds of living things

go extinct

every day!

62

lesser-known languages

小语种

English is making many

lesser-known languages

die out each year.

63

the widespread use of

…的广泛运用

The high cost prohibits

the widespread use of

the drug.

Culture

64

65

66

ancestor

descendant

cultural assimilation

名词

名词

祖先

后代

文化同化

4

/

8

A lot of the people there are descended from a common

ancestor

.

He is a

descendant

of Queen Victoria.

Cultural

assimilation

is

a

socio-political

response

to

demographic

multi-ethnicity

that

supports

or

promotes

the