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“It”
用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
用法及其
句型和固定搭配,
是高中英语语法的重点、
难点,
又是近几年高考的热点,
因此应给予充分的重视,现将
it
用法归纳如下:
一、
It
用
作实词
表达以下概念
:
指代前文提到的事物,前文中的
this, that;
替代前文中的内容
;
指代一位性
别不明的小孩或未知的人
;
指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事
;
指代时
间、天气、气候、
距离等自然现象
……
二、
It
用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的
从句、动词不定式、动名
词置于句尾。
It
作形式主语的常见句型:
1.
代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为
(1) It be adj. (for sb.) to
do sth.
此处
adj.
通常为描述事件的形容词:
easy, difficult,
hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible,
impossible,
likely,
unlikely,
right,
wrong,
important,
unimportant,
legal,
illegal,
well-mannered,
ill-mannered,
polite,
impolite,
clear,
obvious,
certain,
suitable,
proper,
fit,
useful,
useless,
dangerous…
例
It
is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without
a license.
(2)
It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处
adj.
通常为描述人的形容词:
kind, unkind,
nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful,
thoughtless, careful, careless, silly,
foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.
例
It's kind of you to help me with the
problem.
(3)
It
替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use
doing…
It's (well)worth doing…
It's
(well)worth one'
s while doing/to
do…
It's (well)worth while doing/ to do
例
It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2.
It
替代作主语的从句常见句型
(1) It is + noun
+
从句
例
It is no secret
that the president wants to have a second term at
office.
(2) It
is adj. +clause
It's surp
rising that…
(should)………
竟然
……
It's a
pity/shame that…(should)………
竟然
……
例
It's
important
that
you
should
apologize
to
her
for
your
rudeness.(=It's
of
much
importance that you
should apologize to her for your rudeness.)
(3) It verb sb.
+ clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interes
t/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze
/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger
sb. that…
例
It worried me
that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she
drove so fast.)
(4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth
verb
to do
(verb = appear, seem, come about,
emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire,
turn out ,
work out)
例
It
(so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They
happened/chanced to be out.)
(5) It is v-
ed
that…=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say, report, think,
believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide,
determine, intend, plan,
understand,
know)
例
It
is
said
that
the
couple
have
gotten
divorced.(=The
couple
are
said
to
have
gotten
divorced.)
(6) It is v-
ed that …
(should)…
(verb=demand, request, require, order,
suggest, advise, recommend
例
It is suggested
that they should begin with the third question.
三、
It
作主语的句型
1. It takes sb. … to
do…(=sb takes…to
do…)
某人用多长时间做某事
例
It
took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men
took a week to mend our roof.)
2. It's (just)(un)like sb.
to do…(
不
)
像某人做某事的风
格
例
It was (just)
like him to think of helping us.
3. It's (about/high) time
that… should /v
-
ed…
是该做某事的时候了
例
It's(about/high) time that we should
take action.
4.
It's the x-
th time (that) …
ha
ve
v-
ed…
第几次做某事了
例
It's the third time that he has failed
the driving test.
5. It is/has been… since …continuous
v
-ed(
延续性动词
)
某动作已有多长时间不发生了
例
It's 10 years that he lived here
6. It was(not)…
before…
过
(
不
)
了多长时间某动作发生了
例
It
was not long before they arrived.
四、
It
作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾
语的从句、动词不定式、
动名词置于句尾。
It
作形式宾语的常见句型:
1.
verb+
it+
adj./noun
(for/of)
to
do/clause
(verb=think,
believe,
suppose,
consider,
feel,
make, keep…)
例
I
think it hard for you to do the task on your
own./I think it hard that you'll do the task on
your own.
2.
verb+it+adj./noun
(one's)
doing
(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no
use/no
good/worth
one's
while/a
waste
of
time/money/energy/words)
(verb=think,
believe,
suppose,
consider, feel,
make, keep…)
例
I'll make it
worth your while telling me about his secret.
3. verb+it+ imp
ortant/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/e
ssential that … (should)…
verb+it+of
much/great/no/little importance
that…(should)…
(verb=think, believe, suppose,
consider, f
eel, make, keep…)
例
I think it important that you (should)
attendthe conference.
4. verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause
(verb=accept, regard, take, see, view)
例
The
lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many
students attend his lecture.
5. v. +it +
prep. + that…
owe it to sb. that…
< br>把
…
归功于
…
< br>
leave it to
sb that…
把
…
留给某人去做<
/p>
take
it for granted that …
想当然
keep it in mind
that…
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