用英语说中国历史Chapter13

用英语说中国历史

Chapter13

：唐朝< /p>

-

唐的成就

(

英 汉

)

The

Tang

was

the

most

brilliant

dynasty

in

Chinese

history,

it

’

s

also

China

’

s second golden age after Han.

唐朝是中国 历史上最为辉煌的朝代

,

是中国继汉代之后的第二个黄金

时期。

Tang

accomplished

splendid

achievements

in

the

areas

of

politics,

economy, military affairs, culture, and foreign relations.

唐代时，中国在政治、经济、军事、文化、中外关系等各个方 面都取

得了辉煌的成就。

Its especially important position in Chinese history may be summarized

as follows

：

唐朝在中国历史上的特殊重要地位可以从以下几个方面来认识：

First, it was a second peak of development in Chinese history. In Chinese

history,

the

development

of

economy,

politics

and

culture

peaked

three

times

after

the

Warring

States

Period.

The

first

peak

appeared

in

the

Western Han Dynasty, the second in the Tang, and the third in the Ming

and Qing dynasties.

首先

,

中国历史自战国以来，社会经济、政治、文化等 在发展过程中

出现过三次高潮，即三次鼎盛局面

:

第一次在西汉，第二次在唐代，

第三次在明清。

The second period of development, especially the early years of the Tang

Dynasty,

saw

ever

rising

agricultural

production,

increasingly

fined

handicrafts, a prosperous commodity economy, and vigorous urban life.

在第二次高潮中，尤其是唐朝前期，农业生产蒸蒸日上，手工艺品日

益精 巧，商品经济空前繁荣，城市生活繁华似锦。

In the late Tang, areas in the south of the Yangtze River developed further,

which

laid

a

foundation

for

the

economy

of

the

south

to

overtake

the

north.

唐朝后期

江南经济进一步发展，为以后南方经济水平超越北方奠定

了基础。

The

peaceful

and

stable

periods

of

Zhenguan

and

Kaiyuan

administrations

exceeded

even

that

of

Emperors

Wen

and

Jing

of

the

Western Han.

当时在政治上，先后出现了“贞观之治”和“开元 之治”

，国家统社

会安定，呈现一派升平景象，其成就超越西汉 的“文景之治”

。

The reign of Emperor Xuan Zong was the pinnacle of Tang culture and

the thriving scene permeated all aspects of the arts- literature, in particular,

reached new heights.

唐玄宗统治时期，鼎盛局面达到了高峰， 甚至在文坛上也出现了“盛

唐气象”

。

The early stage of Tang witnessed the booming of liberal arts and a large

scale of prominent artists were sprouted in such as fields of poem, writing

and painting.

唐朝 前期的人文艺术发展迅速。诗、书、画各方面大批名家涌现。

The

renowed

are

“

the

four

elites

of

the

early

Tang

”

（

Wang

Bo,

Luo

Binway

，

Yang Jiong and Lu Zhaoling)

，

the pastoral poet Wang Wei (699

~ 759) and the

“

immor-tal poet

”

Li Bai( (707 ~762) etc.

其中包括

“初唐四杰”

、

“田园山水派”的代表王维（

699 ~759) ;

“边

塞派”诗人岑参（

715

~

770)

以及素有“诗仙”之称的 唐代大诗人李

白（

707 ~762)

等等。

In addition, the well-

known representative artists are the “Sage painter”

Wu Daozi, Li Sixun; the celebrated musician Li Guinian etc.

此外 ，还有令人熟知的“画圣”吴道子，李思训，大音乐家李龟年，

都是盛唐气象的代表。< /p>

Without disturbance from both inside and outside, the economy in early

Tang grew unprecedently.

唐朝前期由于没有内忧外患，其经济得到了空前的发展。

From the period of Zhenguan to Kaiyuan, the population, lands and food

production exceeded to its previous dynasties.

自贞观至开元年间，

唐朝的人口、

土地和粮食产量都大大超过了前朝。

People enjoyed their contented and comfortable life.

人民安居乐业，丰衣足食。

All these achievements laid a solid base for future growth of handicraft

industry.

这也为之后大力发展手工业提供了有力的保障。

From an international point of view, China under the Tang was one of the

strongest and most important empires in the world.

总体比较，就当时的世界范围来看， 唐帝国也是最重要、最强盛的国

家之一。

At

that

time,

the

Franks

and

the

Byzantine

empires

were

the

two

most

powerful regimes in Europe. But they were far surpassed by the Tang in

social and economic development.

欧洲的封建强国主要有法兰克王 国和拜占庭帝国，

但就社会发展阶段

而言，他们都远远落后于唐 朝。

In the east, there was India and Japan.

东方重要的国家有印度和日本。

India had just established its feudal system when King Jieri reunified the

subcontinent.

But

after

his

death

the

country

fell

again

into

disunity,

which lasted until the end of the 12th century.

印度戒日王重新统一次大陆刚刚确立了封建制，

可他死后次大陆随即

分崩离析

,

割据局面一直持续到

12

世纪末。

The Japanese

“

Grand Reform

”

，

though trying hard to imitate the Tang

policies

and

systems,

was

nothing

but

a

transition

from

slavery

to

feudalism.

日本的“大 化革新”虽然尽量模仿唐朝的制度，但改革本身却具有由

奴隶制向封建制过渡的性质。< /p>

Therefore, in the world-wide range, the Tang Dynasty stands by itself not

only as an powerful nation but also the most developed one.