摒弃坏习惯 中英文演讲稿

We all have habits we like to break whether it's biting your fingernails, smoking or eating late at

night,

but

why

are

these

habits

so

hard

to

break?

perhaps

you

think

your

day

is

made

up

of

deliberate conscious decisions, but in reality, a university study found that forty five percent of

your

everyday

behaviors

are

actions

that

you

repeat

every

day.

and

tend

to

do

in

the

same

location. these are your habits.

我们都有想要改掉的习惯，

不管是咬指甲、

抽烟还是吃夜宵，

但为什么 这些习惯很难改掉呢

?

也许你认为你的一天，

< br>是由深思熟虑、

有意识的决定组成的，

但实际上，

一项大学研究发现，

你日常行为中有

45%< /p>

都是每天重复做的，而且往往是在同一个地点做。这些就是你的习惯。

Habits are attributed to one of the most primitive structures in your brain, the Basal Ganglia, the

same

region

that

helps

control

processes,

such

as

breathing

and

swallowing,

and

in

an

MIT

experiment,

a

mouse

sits

behind

a

gate

of

a

T-shaped

maze,

where

to

its

left

is

a

piece

of

chocolate.

when

the

door

clicks,

the

mouse

explores

the

maze

sniffing

and

scratching

at

the

walls.

习惯被认为是大脑中 最原始的结构之一。

基底神经节，

是帮助控制呼吸和吞咽等过程 的区域。

在麻省理工学院

(MIT)

的 一项实验中，

一只老鼠坐在

t

形迷宫的 门后，

门的左边放了一块巧克

力。当门咔哒一响的时候，老鼠就 会在迷宫里嗅来嗅去，抓着墙壁。

First it explorers the right and then to the left, eventually finding the chocolate.

A scan of the

basal ganglia shows it's working curiously throughout the whole process. however after a week of

training, the mouse runs immediately towards the chocolate once the gate clicks. At this point,

there is very little brain activity once the gate clicks, and the brain doesn't fire back up again until

it reaches the chocolate. our brains seek to minimize effort and space, and this kind of automatic

brain behaviour is referred to as chunking. chunking aims at creating a new habit pattern in cells

of

the

brain.

it's

like

a

task

you

do

every

day

that

you

no

longer

really

have

to

think

about,

brushing your teeth or backing out of your driveway skills that were once difficult to master but

now become automatic.

首先它向右找了找，

然后又转向左边，

最终找到了巧克力。

对老鼠的基底神 经节的扫描显示，

它在整个过程中都充满了好奇。

但是经过一个 星期的训练后，

门一响，

老鼠就会立即跑向巧

< br>克力。

现在，只要门被打开，它大脑的活动就会变得非常少，

而且大脑在到达巧克力之前不

会再次启动。

我们的大脑会寻 求最小化的努力和记忆存储，

这种自动的大脑行为被称为

“组< /p>

块”

。

组块的目的是在大脑细胞中创造一 种新的习惯模式。

这就像你每天都在做的一项任务，

你不再需要 去思考，

比如刷牙，

或者从车道上倒车，

这些曾经很难掌握但现在已经成为习惯

的技能。

This process is a three step loop, step 1 is the CUE which for the mouse is click of the gate,step 2

is

routine

run

through

the base,

and

step

3

is

the

reward,

in

this

case

chocolate.

the

cue

and

reward

eventually

intertwine

creating

“anticipation”

and

“cravings”.

another

essential

part

of

habits: because we go into automatic mode during routines, our brain stop fully participating in

decision making, our habits will automatically unfold every time there is a cute. these habits can

be so entrenched that the reward doesn't even have to be good.