Amplification定义

的一声把球打了出去

;

到 了七月

,

美国

乓

的一声把球打了回来

.

Test yourselves to see if the translation is faithful!

Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths.

他们的主人又切又倒又服务 又切面包

;

又说又笑又祝健康

.

热情的主人又是切肉

,

又是斟酒

又是上菜

,

又是切面包

;

说啊

,

笑啊

,

敬酒啊

,

忙 个不停

.

Amplification

means

supplying

necessary

words

in

our

translation

on

the

basis

of

accurate

comprehension

of

the

original.

As

a

matter

of

principle,

a

translator

is

not

supposed

to

add

or

subtract

any

meaning

from

the

original

work.

This

does

not

mean,

however,

that

a

translator

should

refrain

from

supplying

necessary

words

to

make

the

version

semantically

accurate

and

idiomatic in the target language. Precisely, it is for the purpose of

thought of the author that we often resort to

are

two

entirely

different

languages

and

each

has

its

own

historical

and

cultural

background.

Besides, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shortened words, etc. that are well understood by

the natives can hardly make sense to people abroad. Therefore, it is unimaginable for a translator

to stick to the original pattern without alteration.

Definition of Amplification

增

译

由于英汉两种语言文字之间存在巨 大差异

,

在翻译过程中很难做到字词句上完全对等

.

因此

,

为了准确地传达出 原文的信息

,

往往需要对译文增译

.< /p>

所谓增译

,

就是在原文的基础上添加必< /p>

要的单词

,

词组

,

分句或完整句

,

从而使译文在句法和 语言形式上符合汉语的习惯并使译文在

文化背景

,

词语联想方面与原文保持一致

,

以达到译文与原文在 内容

,

形式和精神方面对等的

目的

.

这里的增加不是无中生有随意增加

,

而是增加原文中虽无其词却有其意的一些部分

.

Classifications

◆

Lexical Amplification

◆

Syntactical Amplification

◆

Cultural Amplification

◆

Rhetorical Amplification

◆

I. Lexical Amplification

Verbs

Nouns

Adjectives

Adverbs

Numerals

Plural forms of nouns

Generalization words

Words indicating the tense

1 Adding Verbs

增加动词

Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this! (Mark Twain: The Prince and the

Pauper)

汤姆·康第

,

生在破烂

,

肮脏和苦难中

,

现在这番景象却是多 么显赫啊

!

汤姆·康第原来生在可怜巴巴的人家

,

穿得破破烂烂

,

邋里邋遢

,

现在换了这身装束

,

啊

,

是何等

的气派

She felt the flowers were in her fingers, on her lips, growing in her breast.

她觉得手里和唇上都是花

,

胸中也是花

.

她觉得她好像手里拿着花

,

嘴里吻着 花

,

就连胸中也开出了花来

.

She played the piano, the violin and in her later

years, the recorder.

她弹钢琴

,

拉小 提琴

,

晚年时还吹直笛

.

2 Adding Nouns

增加名词

Adding nouns after abstract nouns

在抽象名词后面增加名词

Adding nouns after concrete nouns

在具体名词后面增加名词

Adding nouns before adjectives

在形容词前面增加名词

Adding nouns after intransitive verbs

在不及物动词后面增加名词

A. Adding nouns after abstract nouns

在抽象名词后面增加名词

evaporation

fault-finding

gracefulness

necessity

modernization

indifference

transformation

segregation

light- heartedness

蒸发作用

吹毛求疵的作法

优雅气质

必要性

现代化

冷漠态度

转化过程

隔离政策

< br>/

隔离措施

轻松愉快的心境

B. Adding nouns after concrete nouns

在具体名词后面增加名词

a)

当具体名词表达某种抽象概念时

,

在译文中常常需要根据上下文增加一些适当的名词

.

The molecules of hydrogen get closer and closer with the pressure.

b)

在具体名词后面增加名词

,

避免译文含混

使译文符合汉语习惯

.

Many great writers were not appreciated fully while they were alive.

D. Adding nouns after intransitive verbs

在不及物动词后面增加名词

When he learned it was to borrow, not to give, that the messenger had come, his tone changed.

当他知道使者是来借钱而不是来送礼后

,

说话的口气马上就变了

.