2019上海高一英语下3+17年浦东高三英语一模解析

2019

上海高一英语下

3+17

年浦东高三英语一模解析

2019S1(3)

Reading comprehension

(A)Pacific ScienceCenter Guide

◆

Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store

Don’t forget to stop by Pacific

ScienceCenter’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or

souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(

位于

) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.

◆

Hungry?

Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café

offers a complete menu of lunch and snack

options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café

is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour

Pacific ScienceCenter closes.

◆

Rental Information

Lockers

are

available

to

store

any

belongings

during

your

visit.

The

lockers

are

located

in

Building

1

near

the

Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and

Denny Way entrance. ID required.

◆

Support Pacific Science Center

Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(

热情

) for discovery and lifelong learning in science,

math

and

technology.

Today,

Pacific

ScienceCenter

serves

more

than

1.3

million

people

a

year

and

brings

inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington

State. It’s an amazing

accomplishment

and

one

we

cannot

achieve

without

generous

support

from

individuals,

corporations,

and

other

social organizations. Visit Pacific ScienceCenter. org to find various ways you can support Pacific ScienceCenter.

21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?

A. In Building 1.

B. In Building 3.

C. At the Laser Dome.

D. At the Denny Way entrance.

22. What does Pacific ScienceCenter do for schools?

A.

Train science teachers.

B.

Distribute science books.

C.

Inspire scientific research.

D.

Take science to the classroom.

23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?

A. To encourage donations.

B. To advertise coming events.

C. To introduce special exhibits.

D. To tell about the Center’s history.

(B)

A buld-it-yourself solar still

（蒸馏器）

is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the

liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent

water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary e

quipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to

find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a

5’

5’

sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic,

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six feet of plastic tube, and a container

—

perhaps just a drinking cup

—

to catch the water. These pieces can be

folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.

To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to

make the hole in a damp area to increase

the water catcher

’s

productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the

hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up

—

and

out

—

the side of the hole.

Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s

center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(

圆锥体

) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point

of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.

The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (

蒸发

) and collects

on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is

full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need

a drink.

do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?

’s delicate.

’s expensive.

’s complex.

’s portable

does the underlined phrase “

the water catcher

” in paragraph 2 refer to?

tube

still

hole

cup

’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?

a hole of a certain size

the cup in place

the sheet’s center down

the hole with the plastic sheet

a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .

plastic tube

e the hole

open air

h the sheet

Verb Filling

1.

—

Did you catch what I said?

—

Sorry.I___________(answer) a text message just now.

2.

I had great difficulty_____________(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.

3.

His first book ________________(publish) next month is based on a true story.

4.

They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house____________(rebuild)

．

5.

Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues __________(amuse) with her stories.

6.

This is the only way we can imagine _________________(reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.

7.________________(approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.

8. By the time the traffic clears, we ______________ (run) out of gas.

9. A great number of students ____________ (question)said they were forced to practise the piano.

10. Eugene is

never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use __________(argue) with him.

11. If it ___________ (be) fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside.

get ill.

12. Years ago we did

n’t know this, but recent science ____

__

_____(show) that people who don’t sleep well soon

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2017

年浦东高三英语一模部分试题

II. Grammar

I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday.

It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain

was hard (21) ________(climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, (22) ________ (exhaust) and hot,

I couldn’t go any further. So we went back down the mountain in the end.

On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question, (23) _____ left me speechless for a second: “What’s

your dream,

young lady?”

“I have no idea,” I answered (24) _____thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He

didn’t perform

well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly

(25) ______his dream was-----

to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to

buy snacks from a market and sell them after c

lass,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different

items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but

(26) ______ tough life was, he never gave up.

“There is no doubt that a

person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck

at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream,” he said gently.

That

night

I

(27)

______

hardly

fall

asleep.

I

lay

in

bed

tossing

and

turning,

asking

myself

,

“What’s

my

motivation?”

I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant (28) _____ (put) everything into following

my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed

the mou

ntain again by (29) _____. It made me think: If we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the

scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and (30) ______ (fascinate) by the warm breeze

and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that.

Vocabulary

A. quickly

B. analyze

G

. dramatic

C. programmed

D.

adoption

E.

boredom

F.

unaccompanied

H. transform

I. distracted

J. peacefully

K. prospect

Imagine

an

urban

neighborhood

where

most

of

the

cars

are

self- driving.

What

would

it

be

like

to

be

a

pedestrian?

Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the run of the place.

In

a

new

study

published

in

the

Journal

of

Planning

Education

and

Research

,

Millard-Ball

looks

at

the

__31__

o

f urban areas where a majority of vehicles are “autonomous” or self

-

driving. It’s a phenomenon that’s not

as far off as one might think.

“Autonomous vehicles have the potential to

__32__

travel behavior,” Millard

-Ball says. He uses game theory

to __33__ the interactions between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding at crosswalks.

Because autonomous vehicles are by design risk-averse, Millard-Ball's model suggests that pedestrians will be

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able

to

act

with

impunity,

and

he

thinks

autonomous

vehicles

may

facilitate

a

shift

towards

pedestrian-oriented

urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the __34__ of autonomous vehicles may be hampered

by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic.

“Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken,” Millard

-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked

crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival?

The

benefit

of

crossing

the

street

__35__,

instead

of

waiting

for

a

gap

in

traffic,

is

traded

off

against

the

probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down -- usually.

But there is the chance a driver may be __36__, or drunk.

Self-driving cars are __37__ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They

could

provide

the

most

__38__

transformation

in

urban

transportation

systems.

Parking,

street

design,

and

transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study,

Millard-Ball suggests that

the

potential benefits of self-driving cars -- avoiding __39__ of traffic and traffic accidents -- may be outweighed by

the drawbacks of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody.

“Fr

om the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with

__40__ five-year-

old children,” Millard

-Ball writes.

Alternatively,

planners

could

seize

the

opportunity

to

create

more

pedestrian-oriented

streets.

Autonomous

vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination.

III. cloze

Everybody

loves

to

hate

invasive

species.

The

international

list

of

invasive

species

—

defined

as

those

that

were introduced by humans to new places, and then __41__

—

runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand

hot war is fought against introduced creatures like

cane toads

(

蔗蟾蜍

) and rats.

Some things that are

uncontroversial

(

无争议的

) are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions,

campaigns

to

__42__

invasive

species

are

merely

a

waste

of

money

and

effort

—

for

reasons

that

are

partly

practical and partly philosophical.

Start

with

the

practical

arguments.

Most

invasive

species

are

neither

terribly

successful

nor

very__43__.

Britons think themselves surrounded by fo

reign plants. __44__, Britain’s invasive plants are not widespread, not

spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) __45__ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species

almost always __46__ biological

diversity

(

多样性

) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no

native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise __47__ habitats like polluted lakes and

post-

industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.

The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also __48__. Elimination campaigns tend to be

__49__ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature

—

to return woods and lakes to the state before

human __50__. That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing

and

hybridizing

(

杂交

). Humans have only quickened these processes. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming

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__51__ in any case, because of man-made climate change. Taking on the invaders is a(n) __52__ gesture, not a

means to an achievable end.

A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species are truly __53__ and should

be fought: the Nile perch

–

a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes

sense

to

__54__

pathogens

(

病菌

),

especially

those

that

destroy

whole

native

tree

species,

and

to

stop

known

agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife reserves to create open-air ecological museums is

fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no apace to

native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannot garden __55__.

That is universally accepted.

41. A. multiplied

42. A. conserve

43. A. healthy

44. A. As a result

45. A. attraction

46. A. increases

47. A. oppressed

48. A. acceptable

49. A. fuel(l)ed

50. A. civilization

51. A. tolerable

52. A. reluctant

53. A. damaging

54. A. pick up

55. A. agriculture

B. shrunk

C. disappeared

B. eliminate

C. investigate

B. intentional

C. harmful

B. For example

C. By contrast

B. dominance

C. annoyance

B. destroys

C. reveals

B. disturbed

C. cultivated

B. needless

C. mistaken

B. organized

C. interrupted

B. interference

C. interaction

B. impossible

C. beneficial

B. disorderly

C. invalid

B. flexible

C. doubtful

B. take in

C. keep out

B. vegetation

C. atmosphere

D. harvested

D. prioritize

D. profitable

D. In fact

D. substitute

D. targets

D. preserved

D. convincing

D. greeted

D. maintenance

D. critical

D. unbalanced

D. outstanding

D. turn down

D. nature

选标题

A. However, my work has its challenges.

B. Then a second bit of inspiration came my way.

C. Distressed as I was, I resolved to pursue my interest in research.

D. Besides the spiritual reward, there are other less apparent benefits.

E. So I decided to leave the academic path to find a better match.

F. Here, at last, was a way to combine my interest in science with my passion for teaching.

Ten years ago, after 2 years as a

postdoc

(

博士后

), I found myself wondering whether I should take a different

road. Up to that point, I had stuck to a pretty traditional path investigating cancer genetics, but I was losing interest

in the research. At the same time, federal funding had flattened, which added to my dissatisfaction. ___67___ Then

came the hard part: identifying a new career that would nurture my passion for science and allow me to make an

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impact with my work.

As I was considering my options, I found inspiration in my first graduate school research tutor, whose work

reminded me that scientists

’

efforts away from the bench can be incredibly powerful. But I still didn

’

t know exactly

what I should do. ___68___ A colleague mentioned that a professor at a nearby 2-year college was training students

to produce monoclonal antibodies for labs on campus. I was impressed that the professor had taken on this type of

ambitious project with relatively inexperienced students. Curious to find out more, I set up a meeting with John and

was

struck

by

his

sincerity

and

the

way

he

prioritized

student

training

above

grants,

publications,

and

personal

ambition.

I

could

also

see

his

passion

for

teaching,

which

reminded

me

of

the

dream

to

become

a

high

school

biology teacher.

___69___ I found a faculty position and joined John at the same quiet junior college. Now, I effectively hold

two

positions:

classroom

instructor

and

research

co-adviser

of

15

inexperienced

but

eager

undergraduates.

Both

roles give me a chance to help students transform themselves, which is enormously rewarding.

___70___ It

’

s discouraging when others see both my students and me as less worthy because we are not at

universities. We sometimes struggle to get access to federal funding, scientific conferences, and other resources and

opportunities. My pay is below the standard at 4-year research institutions, even though my teaching workload is

greater. But my occasional frustration is relieved by the thought of the students, who I have helped train.

Looking back at these 10 years, I realize how much my work on this campus has helped me grow, both as an

academic and a tutor. I

’

m grateful that I stepped away from a traditional career path and found a way to serve both

the student and research communities in my own way, modest though it may be.

V. Translation

72.

解除病人的痛苦是医生的职责 。（

relieve

）

73.

先进的电脑技术正在逐渐改变 我们的购物方式。（

way

）

74.

大多数孩子很少与父母和老师 之外的成年人有密切的接触，他们对大人的生活鲜有概念。（

idea

< br>）

75.

志愿者活动不仅能使青少年学 到如何帮助残疾人，还可以提高他们与陌生人合作的意识。（

Not only...

）

语法选择题

1.

Talking

with

Barack

Obama

face

to

face

at

the

Museum

of

Science

and

Technology

in

Shanghai

was

an

unforgettable moment, ______ the students will always treasure.

A. one

B. it

C. that

D. this

2. The efforts made by the researchers _____ possible the appearance of a new life-saving medicine.

A. were made

B. made

C. made it

D. were made it

3.

“

We

Chinese

people

always

put

emphasis

_______

the

friendly

relationships

between

the

people

of

all

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