-
商务英语阅读
复习题
（课程代码
05439
）
I. Translate the following
words or expressions.
A.
Translate the following into Chinese.
10X1
＝
10
1
accessary
21
GNP
2
bank account
22
government bond
3
bearer bond
23
H shares
4
bill of exchange
24
holding
company
5
board
of directors
25
income funds
6
C.I.F.
26
income statement
7
C.P.I.
27
infrastructure
8
carton
28
installment
9
circulating
fund
29
insurance
policy
10
Clean
Bill
30
inventory
11
commission
31
IOU
12
common shares
32
IPO
13
current assets
33
legal tender
14
delivery
34
market share
15
durable goods
35
mass selling
16
F.O B
36
merger
17
financial
institution
37
middleman
18
fiscal year
38
monopoly
19
fringe benefit
39
mutual fund
20
GDP
40
net asset
B. Translate the following into
English.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
par value
payroll
policy
holder
preference shares
premium
product line
product mix
promissory note
public relations
publicity
red
chips
registered
capital
retailer
savings bond
staff turnover
stock certificate
stock exchange
stock market
streamline
target
return
收购
债券
索赔
直销
垄断
16
17
18
19
20
电汇
仲裁
物流
促销
股东
资产
底线
预算
汇率
汇票
售货点
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
借记卡
可行性
离岸价
净收入
保险单
保险费
不动产
业务外包
客户服务
有限责任
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
电话销售
营销组合
固定资产
风险资本
人寿保险
植入广告
公共关系
债券持有者
经营多样化
投资经纪人
利率
21
合同
红利
定价
退货
评价
22
23
24
25
26
56
有限责任公司
期初存货
商务英语阅读复习题
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12
13
14
15
折旧
保险
赞助
上市
27
28
29
30
购买力
硬通货
集装箱
净资产
42
43
44
45
资本收益
收入保险
市场细分
机会成本
57
58
59
60
（生产经营的）场所
资本负债表
盈亏平衡点
发行（债券）
II. Choose the best answer to fill in
the blanks.
1.
The buying of
products on which we have been pre-
sol
d
through advertising is
called ______.
A.
rational buying
B. emotional
buying
C. reflex buying
D. impulse buying
2.
Which of the following is
NOT
a common form of payment
in foreign business
A. Cheque
B. Cash
C. Bank transfer
D. A sight bill
3.
A clean bill is ______.
A.
a spotless
bill
B.
a bill
that is not accompanied by shipping documents
C.
an unused bill
D.
an invalid
bill
4.
If competitors get
together to raise or lower prices, this act is
______.
A. price discrimination
B. deceptive pricing
C. resale price
maintenance
D. price fixing
5.
Which of the following
belongs to
―
Marketing
Mix
‖
?
A. Labor
force
B. Machines
C. Materials
D. Promotion
6.
What do you think is the
strength of publicity?
A.
Being flexible
B. Avoiding media costs
C. Saving
preparation time
D. Reaching a
larger number of audiences
7.
Which of the following
can
NOT
be a feature of a
bond?
A.
It has a
certain denomination.
B.
It has a prefixed interest rate.
C.
It involves
high risk.
D.
It
has a prefixed maturity date.
8.
Which of the following is a legal
tender?
A.
IOU
cheques
B.
U.S.
dollars
C.
Lumps
of silver
D.
Bank
deposits
9.
If you advertise
a product, your main purpose of doing so is to
_____.
A.
earn
more money for the advertising agency
B.
promote sales
of that product
C.
compete with other firms that produce
the same kind of product
D.
introduce that producer to the public
10.
What do you think is the
strength of personal selling?
A. High
efficiency
B. Great flexibility
C.
Less time consumption
D. Both A and C
11.
A credit that can not be
cancelled is regarded as ______.
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transactions?
A. documentary
B. irrevocable
C. dishonored
D.
confirmed
12.
A
dishonoured bill is ______.
A.
one which the
importer is ashamed of
B.
one which the importer fails to pay on
the due date
C.
one which the drawer fails to pay
D.
one which the
exporter fails to clear
13.
In terms of safeness, a mortgage bond ______ a
debenture bond,
A. is the same as
B. is safer than
C. involves
more risk than
D. is not as safe as
14.
What is an insurance
policy?
A.
A
government law on insurance.
B.
A written
contract between the insurer and the insured.
C.
A piece of
paper with the insurer
‘
s
signature on it.
D.
A set of rules to regulate the
insurance market.
15.
What
can we say for certain about transportation and
physical distribution?
A.
Transportation is the same thing as
physical distribution.
B.
Transportation is not as important as
physical distribution.
C.
Transportation is one of the components
of physical distribution system.
D.
The term
transportation is widely used to mean physical
distribution.
16.
Customer
relations should be responsible for all of the
following
EXCEPT
______.
A. the quality of product or service
B. customer inquiries and complaints
C. finding new resources for the
company
D. attracting new customers
17.
What is the
major feature of a global marketing strategy?
A. Uniformity
B. Flexibility
C. Localization
D.
Diversity
18.
What is meant
by
―
consideration
‖
in a contract?
A.
An item of
considerable value given to the other party.
B.
An item of
value given to the other party.
C.
Money in
exchange of goods.
D.
Careful thinking before signing a
contract.
19.
Which of the
following is
NOT
true?
A.
Packaging
means more than the boxes, wrappings and other
materials that go round the physical product.
B.
Packaging can
change the quality of a product.
C.
Packaging can
change a product in the minds of consumers.
D.
Packaging can
help to open larger markets.
20.
To be a wise customer,
we must evaluate ______ and choose to buy what is
______.
A.
the
price; the cheapest
B.
the product quality; of top quality
C.
the total
product offer; of the best value to us
D.
the after-sale
service; provided with the best after-sale service
21.
The most major function
of money is ______.
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A. a store of value
B. the unit of
account
C. the medium of exchange
D. a standard of deferred payment
22.
______
points to the advantages of the
advertiser
‘
s product over
competing products.
A.
Primary-demand advertising
B.
Comparative
advertising
C.
Direct-action advertising
D.
Institutional
advertising
23.
When a
person insures something, the written agreement
between the insurer and the insured is called
_______.
A
.
insurance policy
B.
claim
C. liability
D. auto insurance
24.
A _______ is backed only
by the insurer
‘
s promise to
pay when the interest and principal are due.
A.
bearer bond
B.
debenture bond
C.
mortgage bond
D.
corporate bond
25.
_______ is stock with
first claim on the
corporation
‘
s earnings and
assets after the claims of bondholders.
A.
Preferred
stock
B.
Stock exchange
C.
Common stock
D.
Stock
certificates
26.
In foreign trade, ________ is the fastest method
of sending money abroad.
A. sight bill
B. international money orders
C. bill of exchange
D.
telegraphed transfer
27.
_______ is
NOT
considered as an action
that could hurt competition and consumers.
A. Price fixing
B.
Deceptive pricing
C. Resale price maintenance
D. Setting
target return
28.
Marketers
can communicate with large numbers of potential
customers at the same time by _____.
A.
personal selling
B. direct selling
C. mass selling
D. sending
leaflets
29.
A
dishonored bill is ____________.
A.
one that is
not accompanied by shipping documents.
B.
one that is
not paid on the due date.
C.
one that must be paid at sight.
D.
one that
cannot be cancelled.
30.
We
can get information about a
company
‘
s assets and
liabilities from _______.
A.
an insurance policy
B.
an income
statement
C.
a
balance sheet
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D.
a bill of
exchange
31.
______ promotes
the use of a particular brand among competing
products.
A. Comparative advertising
B.
Brand advertising
C. Primary-demand
advertising
D. Institutional
advertising
32.
______ will
pay a person money when he/she is unable to work.
A.
Income
insurance
B.
Health care insurance
C.
Auto insurance
D.
Life insurance
33.
If the apples in a fruit
store look very luscious, and you buy a dozen
which actually is out of your expectation,
we can say this action is a kind of
______.
A.
reflex
buying
B.
impulse
buying
C.
neither
impulse buying nor reflex buying
D.
installment
buying
34.
In a bill of
exchange, if it is saying
―
30 days after
sight
‖
, that means the bill
can be paid _____.
A. immediately
B. within 30
days after it is drawn.
C. within 30
days after it is presented
D.
regardless the date
35.
Which of the following does
NOT
belong to
―
Marketing
Mix
‖
?
A.
Placement
B. Product
C. Point-of-sale
D.
Promotion
36.
As a ________,
you are one of the owners of a company.
A.
stockholder
B. bondholder
C.
vendor
D.
creditor
37.
The _______ is
reached when the money from the sales of product
equals the total costs and expenses involved
in producing and marketing it.
A.
equilibrium
price
B.
balance
sheet
C.
price
fixing
D.
break-
even point
38.
The share
capital of a company is ________.
A.
the money you
share with others
B.
issued either by a business or by a
government
C.
stock that permit owners to share any
profits or losses
D.
the total investment from all of the
shareholders
39.
Which of
the following can
NOT
be
regarded as real property?
A.
Farm land
B.
Buildings on
land
C.
The
computer on a lecture desk
D.
Trees in a
garden
40.
The _______ is an
accounting statement that summarizes a
company
‘
s revenues, cost of
goods sold, expenses,
and net profit or
loss over a period of time.
A. balance
sheet
B.
income statement
C. premium statement
D. insurance
policy
41.
Another factor
that affects the price of bonds is the
credit rating of company or government
unit issuing the
bond.
A.
rating
given
to
an
individual
or
business
firm
as
a
credit
risk,
based
on
past
records
of
debt
repayment,
financial status,
etc.
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B. rating given to a company as to its
sales power
C. assessment of a
company
‘
s production
D. assessment of a
company
‘
s money deposited in
the bank.
42.
When interest
payments are due on a bearer bond, its possessor
clips a
coupon from the bond and sends
the
coupon to the issuer for payment.
A. a certificate or ticket entitling
the holder to a specified right, as reduced
purchase price
B. a detachable printed
statement on a bond, specifying the interest due
at a given time
C. a part of a printed
advertisement as for use in ordering goods,
samples, or literature
D. a form
surrendered in order to obtain an article,
service, or accommodation
43.
Since our receipts do
not always match out expenditures, we generally
keep some money in a checking account
balance.
A. payroll
B. payment
C. income
D. property
44.
Several attempts to unionize the work force have
been defeated by margins as high as 3 to 1.
A. edge or border
B. blank
space on a page
C. difference between
the buying and selling
D. difference in
the amount of votes
45.
Buyers of these goods usually provide prospective
suppliers with a description of the product or
service and
request that bids or price
quotations be submitted.
A. services
B. orders
C. products
D. offers of prices
46.
Of the following, ______
are normally
NOT
considered
a kind of securities.
A
.
mutual fund shares
B. registered bonds
C. common
stocks
D. savings
accounts
47.
_______ is the
protection against economic loss provided by
sharing the risk with others.
A.
Financial loss
B. Insurance
C. Premium
D. Stock
48.
_______ are
used by the consumer or household that buys them
and come in a ready-to-use form that calls for
no further industrial or commercial
processing.
A. Consumer goods
B. Convenience goods
C.
Shopping goods
D. Durable goods
49.
The norms and
expectations about the way people do things in a
specific country are ________.
A.
customs
B. values
C. modes
of conduct
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D. states of existence
50.
________ refers to
promotion activities that stimulate interest,
trial or purchase by final customers or others in
the channel.
A. Advertising
B. Sales promotion
C.
Publicity
D. Mass selling
III. In this part, there are some
reading passages followed by 5 questions or
unfinished statements each. For
each of
them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D.
You should decide on the best one according to
your understanding.
Passage One
Bill
Gates,
the
billionaire
Microsoft
chairman
without
a
single
earned
university
degree,
is
by
his
success
raising new doubts
about the worth of the business world‘s favorite
academic title: the MBA (Master of Business
Administration).
The MBA, a
20th-century product, always has borne the mark of
lowly commerce and
greed
(
贪婪
) on the
tree-
lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as
philosophy and literature.
But
even
with
the
recession
apparently
cutting
into
the
hiring
of
business
school
graduates,
about
79,000
people are expected
to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times
the number of business graduates in 1960, a
testimony
(
宣言
) to the widespread
assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and
women who want to run
companies some
day.
―If
you are
going into the corporate world it is
still a disadvantage not
to have one,‖ said Donald Morrison,
professor of marketing and management
science. ―But in the last five years or so, when
someone says, ?Should I
attempt to get
an MBA,‘ the answer a lot more is: It
depends.‖
The
success
of
Bill
Gates
and
other
non-MBAs,
such
as
the
late
Sam
Walton
of
Wal-
Mart
Stores
Inc.,
has
helped inspire self-
conscious debates on business school campuses over
the worth of a business degree and whether
management skills can be taught.
The
Harvard
Business
Review
printed
a
lively,
fictional
exchange
of
letters
to
dramatize
complaints
about
business degree
holders.
The article called
MBA hires ―extremely disappointing‖ and said ―MBAs
want to move up too fast, they don‘t
understand politics and people, and
they aren‘t able to function a
s part of
a team until their third year. But by then,
they‘re out looking for other
jobs.‖
The
problem, most participants in
the
debate
acknowledge, is
that
the
MBA has acquired an
aura
(
光环
) of
future riches and power far beyond its
actual importance and usefulness.
Enrollment in business schools exploded
in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption
that no one who
pursued
a
business
career
could
do
without
one.
The
growth
was
fueled
by
a
backlash
(
反冲
)
against
the
anti-
business values of the
1960s and by the women‘s movement.
Business people who have hired or
worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often
know how to analyze
systems but are not
so skillful at motivating people. ―They don‘t get
a lot of grounding in the people side of the
business,‖ said James Shaffer,
vice
-president and principal of the
Towers Per-fin management consulting firm.
1.
According
to
Paragraph
2
,
what
is
the
general
attitude
towards
business
on
campuses
dominated
by
purer
disciplines?
A.
Scornful
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B.
Appreciative.
C.
Envious.
D.
Realistic.
2.
It seems that the
controversy
(
争辩
) over the value of MBA
degrees has been fueled mainly by ______.
A.
the complaints
from various employers
B.
the success of many non-MBAs
C.
the criticism
from the scientists of purer disciplines
D.
the poor
performance of MBAs at work
3.
What is the major
weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard
Business Review?
A.
They are usually serf-centered.
B.
They are
aggressive and greedy.
C.
They keep complaining about their jobs.
D.
They are not
good at dealing with people.
4.
From the passage we know
that most MBAs ______.
A.
can climb the corporate ladder fairly
quickly
B.
quit
their jobs once they are familiar with their
workmates
C.
receive salaries that do not match
their professional training
D.
cherish
unrealistic expectations about their future
5.
What is the passage
mainly about?
A.
Why there is an increased enrollment in
MBA programs.
B.
The necessity of reforming MBA programs
in business schools.
C.
Doubts about the worth of holding an
MBA degree.
D.
A
debate held recently on university campuses.
Passage Two
The
relationship
between
the
home
and
market
economies
had
gone
through
two
distinct
stages.
Early
industrialization
began
the
process
of
transferring
some
production
processes
(e.
g.
cloth-
making,
sewing
and
canning foods) from the home to the
marketplace. Although the home economy could still
produce these goods, the
processes
were
laborious
and
the
market
economy
was
usually
more
efficient.
Soon
the
more
important
second
stage was evident --the marketplace
began producing goods and services that had never
been produced by the home
economy,
and
the
home
economy
was
unable
to
produce
them
(e.
g.
electricity
and
electrical
appliances,
the
automobile, advanced
education, sophisticated medical care). In the
second stage, the question of whether the home
economy was less efficient in producing
these new goods and services was irrelevant; if
the family were to enjoy
these fruits
of industrialization, they would have to be
obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways
of taking
care
of
these
needs
in
the
home
such
as
in
nursing
the
sick,
became
unacceptable
(and,
in
most
serious
cases,
probably less
successful). Just as the appearance of the
automobile made the use of the horse drawn
carriage illegal
and then impractical,
and the appearance of television changed the radio
from a source of entertainment to a source
of background music, so most of the
fruits of economic growth did not increase the
options available to the home
economy
to either produce the goods or services or
purchase them in the market. Growth brought with
it increased
variety
in
consumer
goods,
but
not
increased
flexibility
for
the
home
economy
in
obtaining
these
goods
and
services.
Instead,
economic
growth
brought
with
it
increased
consumer
reliance
on
the
marketplace.
In
order
to
consume
these new goods and services, the family had to
enter the marketplace as wage earners and
consumers.
The
neoclassical
(
新古典主义的
) model that views
the family as deciding whether to produce goods
and services
directly
or
to
purchase
them
in
the
marketplace
is
basically
a
model
of
the
first
stage.
It
cannot
accurately
be
商务英语阅读复习题
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applied to the second (and current)
stage.
6.
The
reason why many production processes were taken
over by the marketplace was that ______.
A.
it was a
necessary step in the process of industrialization
B.
they depended
on electricity available only to the market
economy
C.
it was
troublesome to produce such goods in the home
D.
the
marketplace was more efficient with respect to
these processes
7.
It can be
seen from the passage that in the second stage
______.
A.
some
traditional goods and services were not successful
when provided by the home economy
B.
the market
economy provided new goods and services never
produced by the home economy
C.
producing
traditional foods at home became socially never
produced by the home economy
D.
whether new
goods and services were produced by the home
economy became irrelevant
8.
During
the
second
stage,
if
the
family
wanted
to
consume
new
goods
and
services,
they
had
to
enter
the
marketplace ______.
A.
as wage
earners
B.
both
as manufacturers and consumers
C.
both as
workers and purchasers
D.
as customers
9.
Economic growth did not
make it more flexible for the home economy to
obtain the new goods and services
because ______.
A.
the family was
not efficient in production
B.
it was illegal
for the home economy to produce them
C.
it could not
supply them by itself
D.
the market for these goods and services
was limited
10
. The
neoclassical model is basically a model of the
first stage, because at this stage ______.
A.
The family
could rely either on the home economy or the
marketplace for the needed goods and services.
B.
many
production processes were being transferred to the
marketplace
C.
consumers relied more and more on the
market economy
D.
the family could decide how to transfer
production processes to the marketplace
Passage Three
As
is known to all, the organization and management
of wages and salaries are very complicated.
Generally
speaking,
the
Account
Department
is
responsible
for
calculations
of
pay,
while
the
Personnel
Department
is
interested in discussions with the
employees about pay.
If a firm wants to
adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is
essential that the firm should decide on a method
of job evaluation and ways of measuring
the performance of its employees. In order to be
successful, that new pay
structure will
need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.
In job evaluation, all of the
requirements of each job are defined in a detailed
job description. Each of those
requirements is given a value,
generally in ―points‖, which are added together to
give a total value for the job.
For
middle and higher management, a special
method is used to evaluate managers on their
knowledge of the job, their
responsibility,
and
their
ability
to
solve
problems.
Because
of
the
difficulty
in
measuring
management
work,
however, job grades
for managers are often decided without reference
to an evaluation system based on points.
In attempting to design a pay system,
the Personnel Department should compare the value
of each job with
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those in the job market. It should also
consider economic factors such as the cost of
living and the labor supply.
It
is
necessary
that
payment
for
a
job
should
vary
with
any
distinctions
in
the
way
that
job
is
performed.
Where
it
is
simple
to
measure
the
work
done,
as
in
the
work
done
with
the
hands,
monetary
encouragement
schemes are often chosen; for indirect
workers, where measurement is difficult, methods
of additional payments are
employed.
11.
If a company
wants its new pay structure to be successful, it
is necessary to _______.
A. give the
workers extra pay to encourage them
B.
share the same opinion between the Trade Union and
the employers
C. consult some problems
associated with pay
D. adopt a special
way to evaluate the performance of its employees
12.
The methods
of additional payments are adopted for indirect
workers because __________.
A. they
don't have a higher pay
B. the firm
hasn't enough fund
C. the measurement
of their work is very difficult
D.
their work is less important than that of other
workers
13.
What should a
firm consider in designing a new pay system?
A. The value of each job alone.
B. The method of calculating the pay.
C. The requirements of each job.
D. The labor supply and the cost of
living.
14.
It can be
inferred from the passage that _______.
A. only the Accounts Department is
involved in the management of salaries
B. different job performances should be
given different payments
C. an
evaluation system based on points is usually used
to measure management work
D.
evaluating management work makes no difference
from other work
15.
The main
purpose of this passage is to _______.
A. explain how the performance of a job
can be measured in points
B. describe the responsibilities of
various departments
C. tell readers how
a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay system
D. tell readers how
difficult the management work is
Passage Four
The
so-called
Americanization
phenomenon
seems
to
be
a
consequence
of
the
recent
globalization
in
our
world.
If
we
find
American
products
worldwide,
it
is
also
increasingly
common
to
find
Asian
products
in
the
United States.
Going to any
country in Asia nowadays, we are going to see a
lot of the American
icons
(
图标
)
everywhere. A
few
years
ago
when
I
was
in
Ho-Chi-Min
City,
formerly
known
as
Saigon,
I
was
completely
astonished
at
the
number
of
billboards
advertising
products
from
multinational
companies,
many
of
them
American.
It
is
unforgettable for
me
—
the vision of the
spectacular Coca-Cola billboard on a Ho-Chi-Min
Street.
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Living in the United Slates now, I am
discovering many Asian products in America, from
food to movies. In
one day in San
Francisco, or Seattle, or Houston, we can buy
Sisheido cosmetics from Japan at the Galleria
Mall,
have
sushi
(
寿司
) and
sashimi
(
生鱼片
) in one of the
many Japanese restaurants in the city, go to the
cinema and
enjoy the beautiful
American-Chinese movie
Crouching Tiger,
Hidden Dragon,
and take home spring
rolls from
one of the many Chinese
restaurants in town.
I understand that
a great many people would like to hold hack the
globalization process in the world because
they think they are losing their own
culture, but it is very difficult to stop this
process. We can only try to be critical
and choose what is best for us to have
or to buy.
However, many people think
that young people are not free to choose when they
are constantly exposed to
attractive
advertisements that are specially made to capture
the youth market. Peaceful protests could be
arranged
just to help people to think
about the situation, but the tendency in our world
is that we want globalization, but we
don't want to lose our own culture.
16.
The
Americanization phenomenon is more possible to be
the result of ______.
A. the influence
of Americanization on the world
B. the
influence of the West on the East
C.
the globalization in the world
D.
American products worldwide
17.
What was the author in
the passage particularly impressed by?
A. The wonderful American-Chinese
movie.
B. The delicious Japanese food
in American cities.
C. The high quality
of Asian products.
D. The fantastic
advertisement for an American product.
18.
We can learn from the
passage that one of the consequences of
globalization that many people worry about is
______.
A. the spread of
culture from one country to another
B.
the destruction of cultural identities
C. the prevalence of American culture
D. the resistance to globalization
worldwide
19.
What attitude
should we have towards the globalization process?
A. Disapproving.
B.
Pessimistic.
C. Critical.
D.
Indifferent.
20.
Young
people today can't really choose what they should
buy because they _______.
A. are
influenced by American culture
B. don't
know what is suitable for them
C. are
critical about everything in the world
D. are faced with too many powerful
advertisements
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Passage Five
Present pension
structures no longer work. They were established
in a more
youthful period with
relatively
few older people who were
often poor and ill, and generally spent only a
short time in retirement. In rich countries
today, older people are often well-off
and in good health, and are spending around 20
years in retirement. Therefore
there is
the need for reform.
This survey has
presented the arguments for more private funding
and for fairer pensions. Such changes will
create motives for individuals to take
charge of their own retirement needs rather than
leaving the task to the state.
This, in
turn, will make the provision of public pensions
more affordable.
Even so, the state
will continue to play a leading role in pensions.
At a minimum, governments must offer a
safety net, probably in the form of a
defined benefit financed through taxation, for
people who for some reason
have not
been able to provide for themselves and who would
otherwise be miserable in old age. More broadly,
there
is a use for the state to offer a
slimmed-down pay-as-you-go pension system,
although as far as possible this should
be organized along defined-
contributions lines. Such provision widens the
range of assets to include human capital
because the effective return comes from
total wages, and offers a safe in low return.
Governments also have to create a
suitable framework for effective private pensions.
Administrative
(
行政的
)
expenses
have
to
be
tightly
controlled,
and
appropriate
tax
motives
have
to
be
offered
to
encourage
voluntary
pension
saving.
Where
the
state
provides
a
generous
safety
net,
private-pension
saving
may
have
to
be
made
mandatory
(
强制的
),
otherwise many people will not bother.
So much for the developed countries,
but what of the more youthful populations of the
rest of the world? In
1994, the World
Bank came down heavily in favor of more funding in
private accounts. It thought the state's role
should be to provide a smallish first
pillar with the limited task of providing
protection against old-age poverty, and
to command a privately-funded second
pillar to provide the bulk of pensions.
21.
More private
funding and fairer pensions _______.
A.
can urge people to save more private pensions
B. may be financed through tax
C. can lessen the burden of the state
D. can provide more public pensions
22.
To create a proper
framework for effective private pensions, the
government should _______.
A. increase
the income to encourage voluntary pension saving
B. encourage voluntary pension saving
C. make good use of administrative
costs
D. not command people to save
private-pensions
23.
According to the World Bank, we can learn that
_______.
A. the state should provide
the majority of pensions
B. the state
should provide more protection against old-age
poverty
C. the role that the state
plays in pensions is small
D. private
funding should provide the majority of pensions
24.
What can we infer from
the passage?
A. The state should
provide protection for all the old people.
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B. The state has to create
a suitable framework to restrict the private
pensions.
C. The state should protect
those who can't support themselves.
D. The state will play a secondary role
in pensions due to more private pensions.
25.
It can be inferred from
the passage the author is probably _______.
A. an official engaged in reformation
of pension structures
B. a
sociologist devoting himself to the research of
social pension structures
C. an
economist mastering pension structures in
developed countries
D. a politician
interested in older people
Passage Six
The
Supreme Court's recent decision allowing regional
interstate banks has done away with one
restriction in
America's banking
operation, although many others still remain.
Although the ruling does not apply to very large
money-center
banks,
it
is
a
move
in
a
liberalizing
direction
that
could
in
the
end
push
Congress
into
framing
a
sensible legal and regulatory system
that allows banks to plan their future beyond the
next court case.
The restrictive laws
that the courts are interpreting are mainly a
legacy
（遗赠物）
of the bank failures of the
1930's.
The
current
high
rate
of
bank
failure
—
higher
than
at
any
time
since
the
Great
Depression
—
has
made
legislators afraid to
remove the restrictions. While their legislative
timidity
（胆怯）
is
understandable, it is also
mistaken.
One reason so many American banks are getting into
trouble is precisely that the old restrictions
make it
hard
for
them
to
build
a
domestic
base
large
and
strong
enough
to
support
their
activities
in
today's
telecommunicating round-the-clock,
around-the-world financial markets.
In
trying to escape from these restrictions, banks
are taking enormous, and what should be
unnecessary, risks.
For instance, would
a large bank be buying small, failed savings banks
at inflated prices if federal law and states
regulations permitted that bank to
explain instead through the acquisition of
financially healthy banks in the region?
Of course not. The solution is clear.
American banks will be sounder when they are not
geographically limited.
The
house
of
Representative's
banking
committee
has
shown
part
of
the
way
forward
by
recommending
common-sensible,
though
limited,
legislation
for
a
five-year
transition
to
nationwide
banking.
This
would
give
regional
banks
time
to
group
together
to
form
counterweights
to
the
big
money-
center
banks.
Without
this
breathing
space
the
big
money-center
banks
might
soon
extend
across
the
country
to
develop.
But
any
such
legislation should be
regarded as only a way station on the road towards
a complete examination of American's
suitable banking legislation.
26.
The
restrictive banking laws of the 1930's are still
on the book because _______.
A. the
bank failures of the 1930's were caused by
restrictive courts
B. banking has not
changed during the past
50
years
C. legislators believe
banking problems similar to those of the
Depression still exist today
D. the banking system is too
restrictive, but no alternatives have been
suggested
27.
According to
the author, the change to a nationwide banking
system should be _______.
A. postponed
until the consequences can be evaluated
B. gradual so that regional banks have
a chance to compete with larger banks
C. immediate because we can't afford
any more bank failures
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D. much faster to overcome legislative
fear
28.
It can be inferred
from the passage that _______.
A. many
restrictions in banking operation have been
cancelled
B. the ruling of removing the
restriction can make the banks plan their future
freely
C. the ruling of
removing the restriction can't be applicable to
all banks
D. the old restrictions will
be helpful to set up a powerful domestic base
29.
What is the author's
attitude towards the current banking laws?
A. Tolerant and
disapproved.
B. Concerned
and dissatisfied.
C.
Understandable and indifferent.
D. Supportive and admirable.
30.
The main idea of the
passage is that _______.
A. despite
many bank failures, the nature of banking has not
really changed so much
B.
the current banking law must be useful to today's
banks
C. center banks currently have
too much power as compared with the regional banks
D. banks have been forced
to take needless and dangerous risks due to the
restrictions
Passage
Seven
It is easier to
negotiate initial salary requirement because once
you are inside, the organizational constraints
（约束）
influence wage
increases. One thing, however, is certain: your
chances of getting the raise you feel you
deserve are less if you don't at least
ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get
more, and this holds true with
other
resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth's
story:
I did not get what I
wanted when I did not ask for it. We had
cubicle
（小隔间）
offices and window offices. I
sat
in
the
cubicles
with
several
male
colleagues.
One
by
one
they
were
moved
into
window
offices,
while
I
remained
in the cubicles, several males who were hired
after me also went to offices. One in particular
told me he
was
next
in
line
for
an
office
and
that
it
had
been
part
of
his
negotiations
for
the
job.
I
guess
they
thought
me
content to stay in the cubicles since I
did not voice my opinion either way.
It
would
be
nice
if
we
all
received
automatic
pay
increases
equal
to
our
merit,
but
isn't
a
quality
attributed to most organizations. If
you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay,
you'll probably have to ask for it.
Performance
is
your
best
bargaining
chip
（筹码）
when
you
are
seeking
a
raise.
You
must
be
able
to
demonstrate that you
deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining
chip. If you can give your boss something he
or she needs (a new client or a sizable
contract, for example) just before merit pay
decisions are being made, you
are more
likely to get the raise you want.
Use information as a bargaining chip
too. Find out what you are worth on the open
market.
What will someone
else pay for your services?
Go into the negotiations prepared to
place your chips on the table at the appropriate
time and prepared to use
communication
style to guide the direction of the interaction.
31.
According to the passage, before taking a job, a
person should _____.
A. demonstrate his
capability
B. give his boss a good
impression
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C. ask for as much money as he can
D.
ask for the salary he hopes to get
32.
What can be inferred
from Beth's story?
A. Prejudice against
women still exists in some organizations.
B. If people want what they
deserve, they have to ask for it.
C. People should not be content with
what they have got.
D.
People should be careful when negotiating for a
job.
33.
We can learn from
the passage that ____.
A. unfairness
exists in salary increases
B. most people are overworked and
underpaid
C. one should
avoid overstating one's performance
D. most organizations give their staff
automatic pay raises
34.
To
get a pay raise, a person should______.
A. advertise himself on the job market
B. persuade his boss to
sign a long-term contract
C. try to get inside information about
the organization
D. do
something to impress his boss just before merit
pay decisions
35.
To be successful in
negotiations, one must_____.
A. meet
his boss at the appropriate time
B. arrive at the negotiation table
punctually
C. be good at
influencing the outcome of the interaction
D. be familiar with what
the boss likes and dislikes
Passage Eight
Michael, a
typical American, stays home on workdays. He plugs
into his personal computer terminal in order
to connect with the office. After work,
he puts on his headphones, watches a movie on his
home video recorder, or
plays baseball
on the computer.
On many days, Michael
doesn‘t talk to any other human beings, and he
doesn‘t see
any people except the ones
on television. Michael is imaginary, but his
lifestyle is very possible. The inventions of
modern technology seem to be cutting us
off from contact with our fellow human beings.
The world of business is one area in
which technology is isolating us. Experts say, for
example, that many
people will soon be
able to work at home. With access to a large
central computer, employees such as office clerks,
insurance agents, and accountants could
do their jobs at display terminals in their own
homes. They would never
have to
actually see the people they‘re dealing
with
. In addition, the way employees
are paid will change.
Workers‘
salaries
will
be
automatically
paid
into
their
bank
accounts,
making
paper
checks
unnecessary.
No
workers
will
stand in line to receive their pay or
cash their checks. Personal banking will change,
too. Customers will deal with
machines
to put in or take out money from their accounts.
Another area that technology is
changing is entertainment. Music, for instance,
was once a group experience.
People
listened to music at concert halls or in small
social gatherings. For many people now, however
music is an
individual experience.
Walking along the street or sitting in their
living rooms, they wear headphones to build a
wall of music around them. Movie
entertainment is changing, too. Movies used to be
social events. Now, fewer
people
are
going
out
to
see
a
movie.
Many
more
are
choosing
to
wait
for
a
film
to
appear
on
television
or
are
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borrowing videotapes to watch at home.
Instead of laughing with others, viewers watch
movies in their own living
rooms.
36.
After work,
Michael likes to _____.
A. listen to
music at the concert hall
B. watch a
movie in his living room
C. run a
program on his computer in his office
D. play baseball with his workmates
37.
Which of the following
is
NOT
mentioned in the
passage?
A. Clerks will able to work at
home.
B. One can play baseball on the
computer.
C. One can listen to music
without disturbing others.
D. One can
borrow books from libraries at home.
38.
The sentence
―Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very
possible‖ means_______.
A.
Michael is a person full of imagination and he can
make his dreams come true
B. Michael is
not a real person but the lifestyle does exist
C. Michael has ambitions but he can‘t
make his dreams come true
D.
Michael is a person full of imagination and his
lifestyle is common nowadays
39.
What will the author
most probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A. Games and sports.
B.
Personal banking.
C. Music and films.
D. International business
40.
What is the main idea of
the passage?
A. We may no longer need
to communicate with other human beings.
B. Modern technology seems to be
separating human beings.
C. We may no
longer need to work in the office.
D.
Modern technology makes it possible for us to work
and entertain ourselves at home.
Passage Nine
Consumers are being confused and misled
by the hodge-podge
（大杂烩）
of
environmental claims made by
household
products, according to a
―
green
labeling
‖
study published by
Consumers International Friday .
Among
the
report
‘
s
more
outrageous
（令
人无法容忍的）
findings,
a
German
fertilizer
described
itself
as
―
earthworm
friendly
‖
,
a
brand
of
flour
said
it
was
―
non-
polluting
‖
and
a
British
toilet
paper
claimed
to
be
―
environmentally
friendlier
‖
.
The
study
was
written
and
researched
by
Britain‘s
National
Consumer
Council
(NCC)
for
lobby
group
Consumer
International. It was funded by the German and
Dutch governments and the European Commission.
―While many good and useful claims are
being made, it is clear there is a long way to go
in ensuring shoppers
are
adequately
informed
about
the
environmental
impact
of
products
they
buy,‖
said
C
onsumers
International
director Anna
Fielder .
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The
10-country
study
surveyed
product
packaging
in
Britain,
Western
Europe,
Scandinavia
and
the
United
States. It found that products sold in
Germany and the United Kingdom made the most
environmental claims on
average.
The report focused on
claims made by specific products , such as
detergent
（洗涤剂）
insect sprays and by
some
garden products. It did not test the claims, but
compared them to labeling guidelines set by the
International
Standards Organization
(ISO) in September, 1999.
Researchers
documented claims of environmental friendliness
made by about 2,000 products and found many
too vague or too misleading to meet ISO
standards.
―Many products had
specially
-designed labels to make them
seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many
of these symbols mean nothing,‖ said
report researcher Phil
ip Page.
―Laundry detergents
made the
most number of claims with
158.
Household
cleaners were second with
145
separate claims, while
paints were third on our list with 73. The high
numbers show how very confusing it must be
for consumers to sort the true
f
rom the misleading.‖ he
said.
The
ISO
labeling
standards
ban
vague
or
misleading
claims
on
product
packaging,
because
terms
such
as
―environmentally
friendly‖
and
―non
-
polluting‖
cannot
be
verified.
―What
we
are
now
pushing
for
is
to
have
multinational cor
porations
meet the standards set by the ISO.‖ said
Page.
41.
According to the
passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______
A. all the products surveyed claim to
meet ISO standards
B. the
claims made by products are often unclear or
deceiving
C.
cons
umers would believe many of the
manufactures‘ claim
s
D. few products actually prove to be
environment friendly
42.
As indicated in this
passage, with so many good claims, the consumers
_____
A. are becoming more cautious
about the products they are going to buy
B. are still not willing to
pay more for products with green labeling
C. are becoming more aware
of the effects different products have on the
environment
D. still do not
know the exact impact of different products on the
environment
43.
Study
was carried out by Britain‘s NCC
to _______
A. find out how
many claims made by products fail to meet
environmental standards
B.
inform the consumers of the environmental impact
of the products they buy
C.
examine claims made by products against ISO
standards
D. revise the
guidelines set by the International Standards
Organization
44.
What is one of the consequences caused by the many
claims of household products?
A. They
are likely to lead to serious environmental
problems
B. Consumers find
it difficult to tell the true from the false
C. They could arouse
widespread anger among consumer
D.
Consumers will be tempted
to buy products they don‘t need
45.
It can be inferred from
the passage that the lobby group Consumer
International wants to _______.
A. make
product labeling satisfy ISO requirements
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B. see all household products meet
environmental standards
C.
warn consumers of the danger of so-called green
products
D. verify the
efforts of non-polluting products
Passage Ten
The World Trade
Organization (WTO), founded on January 1, 1995,
aims to encourage international trade to
flow as freely as possible, making sure
that trade agreements are respected and that any
disputes can be settled
．
In the five years since its founding,
the WTO has become well known as one of the
world's most powerful
economic
organizations, taking its place alongside the
World Bank and International Monetary
Fund
．
The
system
of
global
rules
for
international
trade,
however,
dates
back
half
a
century
to
1948
when
the
General Agreement on
Tariffs
（关税）
and Trade (GATT)
was formed after World War
II
．
As
time
went
by,
it
became
clear
that
the
GATT
had
two
major
drawbacks
—
the
limited
areas
of
trade
it
covered,
and the lack of an effective system to settle
disputes
．
After seven years of trade
talks ending in 1994, the so-called Uruguay
Round
（乌拉圭回合谈判）
finally gave
birth
to
the WTO,
complete
with
an
effective
system
to
settle
disputes
and
to
form
new
rules
covering
trade
in
services and intellectual
property
．
Even
after seven years of talks and with 22,500 pages
of agreements reached problems remained,
especially in
the difficult-to-deal-
with areas of agriculture and
services
．
46.
What is the purpose of
the WTO?
A
．
To
encourage international trade to flow
freely
．
B
．
To
make sure that trade agreements are
respected
．
C
．
To
settle any disputes
．
D
．
All of the
above
47.
According to the passage ,the GATT stopped
working_______
．
A
．
in 1948
B
．
in 1994
C
．
after World War
Ⅱ
ended
D
．
during the
seven years of the Uruguay Round talk
48.
The WTO is better than
the GATT in that_____
．
A
．
it can settle
disputes in more areas of international trade
B
．
it enables its
members to sign agreements more easily
C
．
it deals with
problems in agriculture and services more
effectively
D
．
it pays more
attention to service and intellectual property
49.
The word ―drawbacks‖
in
Para. 4
means
______
．
A
．
weak points
B
．
strong points
C
．
improvements
D
．
changes
50.
According to
the last two paragraphs, which of the following
statements is true?
A
．
The WTO is the
world's most powerful economic organization
B
．
The GATT was
founded in Uruguay in 1995
C
．
The
WTO has an effective system to settle disputes and
to form new rules
商务英语阅读复习题
第
18
页（共
42
页）
D
．
All
the countries in the world are member nations of
the WTO
Passage Eleven
GET YOUR DEGREE AT
HOME
！
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．
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Specialized Associate Degree in 11 of
today
‘
s growing
fields-without having to go to college
full time
．
With Harcourt, you
study at home in your spare time, so you
don
‘
t
have
to
give
up
your
present
job
while
you
train
for
a
better
one
．
Choose
from
exciting
majors
like
Business
Management,
Accounting, Dressmaking
＆
Design, Bookkeeping, Photography,
Computer Science, Engineering,
and
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Your training includes everything
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lessons,
learning
aids-even
professional-quality
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and
equipment-everything
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your training and
move ahead to a new career is included in the low
tuition
（学费）
price you
pay
．
Your
education is nationally recognized!
Nearly 2,000 American companies-
including General Electric, IBM,
Mobil
．
General Motors, Ford,
and many
others-have used our training
for their employees
．
If
companies like these recognize the value of our
training, you
can be sure that
employers in your area will, too!
Earn
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The
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Even
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s hottest fields!
Step-by-step lessons make learning
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．
Prepare for promotions,
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Send today for FREE
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Simply fill in your name and address on
the coupon
（登记表）
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< br>．
Then, write in the name and number
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．
We
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51.
What kind of people will
probably answer this advertisement?
A
．
College
students preparing to work in some big companies.
B
．
College
students preparing to study for a degree.
C
．
High school
graduates preparing to have at home training.
D
．
High school
graduates preparing for college entrance
examinations.
52.
Which
major is
NOT
mentioned in
the advertisement?
A
．
Photography
B
．
Physiology
C
．
Accounting
D
．
Bookkeeping
53.
People can get a
specialized Associate Degree by_________.
A
．
doing full-time
learning at school
商务英语阅读复习题
第
19
页（共
42
页）
B
．
working in some
big famous companies
C
．
studying in
their spare time
D
．
studying abroad
for two years
54.
Harcourt
training has
NOT
been used
by ____________for its employees.
A
．
General Motors
B
．
Harvard
University
C
．
General
Electric
D
．
Mobil
55.
How can you contact
Harcourt Learning Direct?
A
．
By sending an
e-mail.
B
．
By
visiting the office on weekdays.
C
．
By making a
call on weekdays only.
D
．
By sending a
letter not later than today.
Passage Twelve
Interest in
pursuing international careers has soared in
recent years, enhanced by chronic
(
长久的
) personnel
shortages that are causing companies to
search beyond their home borders for
talent.
Professionals seek
career experience outside of their home countries
for a variety of reasons. They may feel
the need to recharge their batteries
with a new challenge. They may want a position
with more responsibility that
encourages
creativity
and
initiative.
Or
they
may
wish
to
expose
their
children
to
another
culture,
and
the
opportunity to learn a second language.
When
applying
for
a
job,
one
usually
has
to
submit
a
resume
or
curriculum
vitae
(CV).
The
two
terms
generally
mean
the
same
thing:
a
one-
or
two-page
document
describing
one's
educational
qualifications
and
professional experience.
However, guidelines for preparing a resume are
constantly changing. The best advice is to
find
out
what
is
appropriate
regarding
the
corporate
culture,
the
country
culture,
and
the
culture
of
the
person
making the hiring
decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or
more cultures in one document. The following
list is a good place to start.
●
requirements
differ
from
country
to
country.
In
almost
every
case
of
'cross-
border'
job
hunting,
just
stating
the
title
of
your
degree
will
not
bean
adequate
description.
Provide
the
reader
with
details
about your studies
and any related experience.
●
Pay attention
to
the resume format
you
use-chronological
or reverse-
chronological
order. Chronological
order means listing your 'oldest' work
experience first. Reverse-chronological order
means listing your current or
most
recent experience first. Most countries have
preferences about which format is most acceptable.
If you find no
specific guidelines, the
general preference is for the reverse-
chronological format.
●
If you are submitting your resume in
English, find out if the
recipient
（收件人）
uses British English or
American English because there are
variations between the two versions. For example,
university education is often
referred
to as 'tertiary education' in the United Kingdom,
but this term is almost never used in the United
States. A
reader who is unfamiliar with
these variations may assume that your resume
contains errors.
56.
Companies are hiring
more foreign employees because_______.
A. they have difficulty finding
qualified personnel at home
商务英语阅读复习题
第
20
页（共
42
页）
B. they find
foreign employees are usually more talented
C. they need
original ideas from employees hired overseas
D. they want to expand
their business beyond home borders
57.
The author
believes that an individual who applies to work
overseas ____.
A. is usually creative
and full of initiative
B. aims to
improve his foreign language skills
C.
seeks either his own or his children's development
D. is dissatisfied with his own life at
home
58.
When it comes to
resume writing, it is best to ____.
A.
know the employer's personal likes and dislikes
B. follow appropriate guidelines for
job hunting
C. learn about the
company's hiring process
D. take
cultural factors into consideration
59.
When writing about
qualifications, applicants are advised to ____.
A. provide a detailed description of
their study and work experiences
B. give the title of the university
degree they have earned at home
C.
highlight their keen interest in pursuing a
'cross-border' career
D.
stress their academic potential to impress the
decision maker
60.
According
to the author's last piece of advice, the
applicants should be aware of ____.
A.
the recipient's preference with regard to the
format
B. the
different educational systems in the US and the UK
C. the
differences between the varieties of English
D. the distinctive features of American
and British cultures
Passage Thirteen
The biggest safety threat facing
airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun,
but the man with the portable
computer
in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots
have reported well over 100 incidents that could
have been
caused
by
electromagnetic
interference.
The
source
of
this
interference
remains
unconfirmed,
but
increasingly,
experts are
pointing the blame at portable electronic devices
such as portable computers, radio and cassette
players
and mobile telephones.
RTCA, an organization which advises the
aviation
（航空）
industry, has
recommended that all airlines
ban
（禁
止）
such
devices from being used during
―
critical
‖
stages of
light, particularly take off and landing. Some
experts
have gone further, calling for
a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules
on using these devices are left up to
individual airlines. And although some
airlines prohibit passengers from using such
equipment during take
-
off
and
landing, most are reluctant to
enforce a total ban, given that many passengers
want to work during flights.
The
difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic
fields might affect an aircraft's computers.
Experts know that
portable
devices
emit
radiation
which
affects
those
wavelengths
which
aircraft
use
for
navigation
and
communication. But, because they have
not been able to reproduce these effects in a
laboratory, they have no way
of knowing
whether the interference might be dangerous or
not.
The fact that aircraft may
be vulnerable
（易受损的）
to
interference raises the risk that terrorists may
use radio
system
in
order
to
damage
navigation
equipment.
As
worrying,
though,
is
the
passenger
who
can
‘
t
hear
the
instructions to turn off his radio
be
cause the music‘s too
loud.
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