-
. .
..
三年级英语上册知识点总结
Unit1 Hello
重点单词及短语：
apple
bag
重点句型：
Hello
！
Hi!
Good
morning/Good afternoon/Good evening
Good bye!
招呼语
E.g. Hello, Song Xiangyang.
Hi, teacher.
单词拓展：
banana
orange
watermelon
pear
peach
lemon
strawberry
mango
grape
tomato
potato
cucumber
onion
carrot
fruit
vegetable
Unit2 How are you?
重点单词及短语：
cat
dog
重点句型：
How are
you?
I
’
m
fine./Fine, thank you.
单词拓展：
pig
rabbit
tiger
mouse/rat
ox
horse
goat
sheep
chick
hen rooster
goose
lion
dragon
snake
monkey
猴子
bear
Unit3 Are
you Kitty?
重点单词及短语：
boy
girl
wolf
sheep
egg
fan
picture
colour
draw
重点句型：
Are you XXX?
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
Yes,I am. No,
I
’
m not.
‘
m=am
E.g. Are you Song Xiangyang?
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Unit4 My friends
重点单词及短语：
tall
short
long
重点句型及短语：
This is
XXX.
He
’
s/She
’
s my friend.
He
’
s.../She
’
s
...
‘
s=is
E.g. This
is Yao Ming.
He
’
s
my friend.
He
’
s
tall and strong.
单词拓展：
big
small
.
资料
.
.
short
thin
fat
hand
.
. .
..
语法点拓展：比较级和最高级
形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，
即原级、
比较级和最高级，
用来表示事物
的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化
◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加
-er , -est
原级
tall
smart
short
比较级
taller
smarter
shorter
最高级
tallest
smartest
shortest
特别提醒：以
-y,-er, -ow, le
结尾的双音节形容词末尾加
er
和
est
。如：
healthy, funny,
busy, hungry, easy, happy, early,
pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, narrow
< br>等。
◇以不发音的
e
结尾只加<
/p>
-r
，
-st
原级
nice
fine
large
比较级
nicer
finer
larger
最高级
nicest
finest
largest
◇“以辅音字母
+y
”结尾的词改
y
为
i
，再加
-er, -est
原级
easy
pretty
happy
funny
busy
比较级
easier
prettier
happier
funnier
busier
最高级
easiest
prettiest
happiest
funniest
busiest
◇以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节
词），双写结尾的辅音字母，
再加
-er
，
-est
原级
slim
thin
hot
big
比较级
slimmer
thinner
hotter
bigger
最高级
slimmest
thinnest
hottest
biggest
特别提醒：
new, few,
slow,
clean
等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。
◇大部分双音节词和多音节的词
(
即音
标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词
)
，
要在前面加
more
，
most
原级
beautiful
important
比较级
more beautiful
more
important
最高级
most beautiful
most
important
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
interesting
expensive
popular
more interesting
more expensive
more popular
most interesting
most
expensive
most popular
特别提醒：以形容前缀
un
构成的三音节形容词
不适合上述情况，
如
unhappy
----unhappier----unhappiest,
untidy----
untidier----untidiest
◇以形容词
+ly
构成的副词要在前面加
more
，
most
原级
slowly
quickly
angrily
softly
noisily
比较级
more slowly
more quickly
more angrily
more softly
more noisily
最高级
most slowly
most quickly
most angrily
most softly
most noisily
特别提醒：
early ----earlier----
earliest
◇由
ING
分词和
ED
分词演
变过来的形容词
(
包括不规则动词如
k
now
→
known)
只能加
more
或
most
来
表示它们的比较级和最高级。
原级
interesting
excited
tired
boring
不规则变化
原级
good/well
bad/badly/ill
many/much
little
far
old
比较级
better
worse
more
less
farther/further
older/elder
最高级
best
worst
most
least
farthest/furthest
oldest/eldest
比较级
more interesting
more excited
more tired
more boring
最高级
most interesting
most exciting
most
tired
most boring
特别提醒◇
further
不仅可以指
“距离更远”
，
还可指
“程度更深”
。
记住以下三个词组：
further
study(
进修
)further
education(
继续教育
)further
information (
进一步的信息
)
◇
elder
仅用于同辈之间的排行，如
: elder sister(
姐姐
)
elder brother (
哥哥
)
◇
less
作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数
名词表示“更少”要用
fewer
。
以下容不作为初中英语教学容，仅供拓展之用。
◇少数单音节词前面加
more,
most
构成比较级和最高级，
这类形容词一般为表语形容词
和
由过去分词变成的形容词。
afraid ---- more afraid, most afraid
tired ---- more tired ,
most tired
fond ----- more fond , most
fond
glad ----- more
glad , most glad
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
bored ---- more
bored , most bored
pleased---- more pleased , most pleased
◇
下
列
形
容
词
和
副
词
的
比
较
级
和
最
高
< br>级
有
两
种
形
式
，
即
：
既
可
加
-er
/-est
也
可
加
more/most
cruel, strict, often, friendly, clever
◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高
（即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级）
empty,
wrong,
perfect,
unique,
extreme,
excellent,
favourite,
true,
right,
correct,
extremely ...
形容词副词比较级最高级使用注意事项
◇比较应在同类事物之间进行。
误：
Your English is better
than me.
正：
Your English is
better than mine.
◇比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语，最常见
的三大修饰词是：
a little, much,
even
。
以下单词也可用来修饰：
any, far, still,
a lot, yet, rather
。
My sister is a little taller than me.
Their house is much larger than ours.
另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。
I
’
m three years
older than he.
特别提醒：
very,
quite, too
不可修饰比较级。
◇避免重复使用比较级。
误：
He is more kinder to small
animals than I.
正：
He is much
kinder to small animals than I.
误：
He is more cleverer than
his brother.
正：
He is
cleverer than his brother.
◇比较要遵循前后一致的原则，注意前后呼应。
The population of Shanghai is larger
than that of Beijing.
It is easier to
make a plan than to carry it out.
◇序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africa is the second largest continent.
The Yellow River is the second longest
river in China.
This is the third most
popular song of Michael Jackson.
形容词副词比较级最高级重点句型归纳
◇句型一：形容词或副词比较级
+
than
…
□注意事项：
该句型为比较级的最基
本句型。只要看到
than
，即可确定前面使用比较级。
He is taller than I am.
The boy does his homework more
carefully than the girl.
◇句型二：
less +
形容词的原级
+
than
□注意事项：
该句型表示“不如、不及”，特别需要注意的是，
less
本身就是
little
的比较级，后面
必须跟形容词的原级，否定就造成了比较级的重复使用。
This computer is less expensive than
that one.
◇句型三：
as
+
形容词或副词的原级
+ as
□注意事项：
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
该句型表示对比的两者程度相当，
as
之间必须跟形容词或副词的原级，决不能使用比
较级。此外，还要确定使用形容词还是副词。确定的依据就是根据第一个
a
s
前的动词，如
果是系动词（如
be<
/p>
，感官动词
look, sound, smell,
taste, feel
等），那么就用形容词的原级，
如果前
面的动词是一般的实义动词，那么就必须用副词的原级修饰动词。
This lesson is as easy as that one.
Lucy talks with old people as politely
as her sister.
特别提醒：
as
…
as
之间也可以跟名词
，句型如下：
☆
as
+
形容词
+ a/an
+
单数名词
+as
He is as kind a person as
his father.
他和他爸爸一样都是善良的人。
☆
as + many/much+
不
可数名词
/
可数名词复数
+as
I can carry
as much paper as you can.
你能搬多少纸，我也能。
I have as many books as you
do.
我的书和你的一样多。
We
’
ll
give you as much help as we can.
我们将尽我们所能给你帮助。
其它几
个关于
as
…
as
的句型：
☆
as
…
as one
can
：尽其所能
He began to run as fast as
he could.
☆
as
…
as possible
：尽可能
Please
help
us
as quickly as possible.
☆
as soon
as
…一……就……
He will call me as soon as
he comes here.
◇句型四：
not as/so
+
形容词或副词的原级
+ as
□注意事项：
该句型表示“前者不如
后者……”，往往可以与句型一和句型二替换。第一个
as
可以
换为
so
。
This classroom is not as bright as
yours.
I cannot run as fast as you.
◇句型五：
the
+
形容词或副词最高级
+ in / of / among
+
比较围
□注意事项：
如果这里为副词最高级
，前面的
the
常常省略。介词
in<
/p>
和
of
的用法完全不一样。
in
表
示“在某一围”，如：
in the classroom
，
in the wor
ld
。
of
表示“在同类之间”，
of
后面的
词与主语同类，
另名词前一般有冠词
the
。
among
表示
“在
（三者或三者以上
）
之间”
，
among
后接代词或没有修饰语的名词。
The
Changjiang River is the longest river in our
country.
Peter is the tallest of the
six students.
This picture is the most
beautiful among these.
◇句型六：
one of +
形容词
最高级
+
可数名词复数形式
□注意事项：
one
of
有三大考点：
1.
后跟形容词最高级；
2.
后接可数名词复数形式；
3.
作主语
时主
语为
one
，谓语动词用单数形式
。
One of the smallest
dinosaurs was about one metre long.
◇句型七：比较级
+and
+
比较级
/ more and
more +
多音节词的原级
□注意事项：
该句型表示“越来越…
…”，如果该形容词比较级构成形式加
er
，则用前面的句型；
如果该形容词比较级加
more
构成，
则用后面的句型。
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
It is getting
hotter and hotter.
The girl is becoming
more and more beautiful.
◇句型八：
the +
比较级
+
…
, the
+
比较级
+
…
□注意事项：
该句型意思为“越……就越……”，表示两种情况同时变化。
The more you eat, the fatter you will
be.
In the test, the more careful you
are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
◇句型九：
be different
from
□注意事项：
该句型没有运用比较级，
但也是对两者事物进行比较。
注意前后比较需在同类事物中进
行。
My schoolbag is different from yours.
◇句型十：
the same
as
…
/ the same
…
as
…
□注意事项：
该句型同样没有运用比
较级，
表示两者之间具有共同特性。
注意这里的
as
和
same
为固
定搭配，不能随便变换。
I
don
’
t want to buy the same
things as Amy did.
◇句型十一：比较级
+than + any other
+
名词单数形式
□注意事项：
any other
后面跟单数名词，表示“任何别的”，即主语在围，必须把自身从这一围除
去，否则逻辑上不通。如果主语不在这一围，那么要把
other
去掉，只用
any
即可。
Shanghai is larger than any other city
in China.
（在中国这个围，所以用
any
other
）
Shanghai
is larger than any city in Jiangsu.
（不在
，所以只需用
any
）
◇句型十二：比较级
+than +
the other +
名词复数形式
□注意事项：
该句型相当于
any other +
名词单数形式，常用来进行同义句改写。该句型与句型十一
虽然波表面上都是比较级，但
实际上相当于最高级。以下三句表达的是同一个意思。
Daniel is the most hard-working student
in our class.
Daniel is more hard-
working than any other student in our class.
Daniel is more hard-working than the
other students in our class.
特别提醒：表示两者
(
人或物
)<
/p>
比较时，比较的对象应是同类事物，不同类的事物之间
无法进行比
较。
形容词比较级最高级练习题
一、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级形式。
1. long________ _________
_____________
4. large________
_________ _____________
7. bad
_________ _________ 23. thin ________
________
________________ _____________
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
_______ult_____________________
_________lly_____________________
21. old ______
________
22.
busy _________
_________
24. many
_________
_________25. slow ________ _____
二、用形容词的适当形式填空：
is
________(
young
)than
Fred
but__________(tall)thanFred.
2. He
is ______ (bad) at learning math. He is much
_______ (bad) at Chinese and
he is
the
_________
(bad) at English.
3. Annie says Sally is the
________ (kind) person in the world.
4 A dictionary is much
_________ (expensive)
than a story-book.
5. An
orange is a little ______ (big) than an
apple, but much ________ (small)
than a watermelon.
6.
Playing
computer
games
is______
_____
_____
of
all
the
activities.(interesting).
7.
The Nile(
尼
羅
河
) is ______ ________river in the world. (long)
8. Good health is _______
_______ ________thing life. (important)
9. Taking a taxi is ______ _______ way
to get to the airport. (easy)
10. She
is_______ than all the other students. (young)
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
四、选择正确答案：
1. She is ________ than ________ .
A.
busier / us
B.
busier / we
C.
more busy / us
D. more busy / we
2.
China is ________ country in the world.
A.
the
third
largest
B.
the
largest
third
C.
the
third
large
D.
a
third
largest
3. -Which is ____ season in
Beijing?-I think it's autumn.
best
4
．
- Which
is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?--
Of course, the moon
is.
r
st
smallest
air in Beijing is getting much _____
now than a few years ago.
A.
clean
B.
cleaner
C. cleanest
D. the cleanest
6. Mobile phones are very popular now
and they are _____ than before.
A.
cheap
B.
cheaper
C.
cheapest
D.
the
cheapest
7 Which is _____ ,
a bicycle or a computer?
A.
expensive
expensive
most expensive
8.
The
Yellow
River
is
one
of
______rivers
in
China
A
long
B
longer
C
the longest
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
9. A pig is __ than a dog.
A. much heavy
B. more heavier
C much
heavier
D. more
heavy
10.
－－
Which is __
season in Beijing?
－－
I think
it
’
s spring.
A.
good B. well C. best D. the best
11. The city is becoming ______.
A. more beautiful and more
B. more beautiful and
beautiful
C. more and more
beautiful
D. more beautiful
and beautifuler
12. Which
does Alice like _____ , Chinese or Art?
A. well B. best C. better
D. much
13. The Changjiang River is one
of ____ in the world.
A.
the longest river B. longest rivers
C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers
14. LiMing speaks Chinese _____ better
than me.
A. very B. more C.
a lot of D. much ]
are
____
boys in Class
Two
than in Class Four.
A. more B. many C. most D. best
Unit5 My family
重点单词及短语：
ice-cream
juice
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
重点句型：
?
Who
’
s he/she? <
/p>
He
’
s/She
’
s...
E.g.
Who
’
s he?
He
’
s my father.
He
’
s handsome.
?
My name is XXX. =
I
’
m XXX
E.
g. My name is
Song Xiangyang.= I
’
m Song
Xiangyang.
单词拓展：
（称谓）
father
mother
parents
brother
sister
grandfather
grandmother
grandparent
aunt
uncle
daughter
son
（人的形容词）
beautiful
pretty
nice
kind
handsome
honest
smart
strict
cool
strong
cute
young
old
friendly
kind
shy
outgoing
sunshine
sugar
candy
Unit6 Me
重点单词及短语：
tail
kite
lion
tiger
重点句型：
Look, this
is me.
I
’
m
thin/short/tall.
My hair is long/short.
My mouth is big/small.
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
Unit7 In the
classroom
重点单词及短语：
close/open
clean
door
window
blackboard
come in
come on
mouth
nose
book
重点句型
close/open the door clean/look at the
blackboard
I
’
m
sorry.
E.g. Please close/open the door.
OK.
单词拓展：
（身体部位）
body
face
eyes
eyebrow
ears
fingers
hands
arms
legs
foot/feet
mouth
Unit8 At
the fruit shop
重点单词及短语：
banana
pear
orange
pig
queen
重点句型：
How much is it?
How much are
they?
E.g. How much is it?
It
’
s five yuan.
/Five yuan.
How much are they?
They are ten yuan./Ten yuan.
Unit9 In my room
.
资料
.
.
nose
neck
head
.
. .
..
重点单词及短语：
room
book
ruler
pen
pencil
chair
desk
schoolbag
rabbit
six table
重点句型：
This is my
bed.
There are my books.
Is
this your XXX?
Are these your XXX?
E.g.
?
Is this
your pen?
Yes,
it
’
s. No,
isn
’
t.
isn
’
t=is not
E.g.
?
Are these your pens?
Yes, they are. No, they
aren
’
t.
aren
’
t= are not
单词拓展：
eraser
chalk
blackboard
paper
map
dictionary
语法拓展：
指示代词
this, these, that,those
的用法
1.
this&these
(1)
近指
(
单数
)This is my
pen.
(
复数
)These
are my pens.
(2)
指下文要提到的事情
Please
remember this: No pains,no gains.
2.
that&those
.
资料
.
.
sharpener
.
. .
..
(1)
远指
(
单数
)That is her
bike.
(
复数
)Those
are my sheep.
(2)
指前面刚刚提到过的事情
He
was ill. That was why he
didn
’
t go to school.
3.
打时用
this
介绍自己，用
that
询问对
方
This is Mike speaking.
Who is that speaking?
4.
That,those
常用在比较句型当中
(as...as
同级比
较
, ...than
不同级别比较
)
The
weather in Shenzhen is different from that in
Beijing.
The population of China is
larger than that of Japan.
The apples
in this shop are much cheaper than those in that
shop.
There
be
句型
一、专题讲解
1
、
定义：
There be
结构
“
某地有某人
(
某物
)
”
。
其基本句型为
“
There be +
某
物或某人
(
主语
)
+
某地
”
。
<
/p>
2
、
be
动词的
选择：
There be
结构中的
谓语动词
be
（
is / are
）在人称和数上应
.
资料
< br>.
.
.
.
.
..
与其后的主
语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用
is
；主语是复数时用
are
。
3
、具体结构：
(1)
There is +
单数可数名词
/
不可数名词
+
地点状语
.
E.g. There is a desk in the classroom.
在教室里有一桌子。
(2)
There are +
复数名词
+
地点状语
.
E.g. There are 5 apples in
the box.
盒
子里有五个苹果。
口诀
：
“
有
< br>”
字放前面，有
“
啥
”
放中间；
时间地点放后面；
数
are
；注意
be
的两变化。
4
、句型变化：
(1)
、否定句：
there be<
/p>
的否定式通常在
be
后加
not
。
E.g.
There is a bike under the tree.
树下有一辆自行车
There
isn't a bike under the tree.
E.g. There
are 2 little girls in the
room.
在房间里有两个小女孩。
There aren't 2 little girls in the
room.
(2)
、一般疑问句及其答语：
1
、一般疑问句：把
be
< br>动词提前
,
首字母大写
,
句末用问号即可。
2
、回答时，
“
用什么问，就用什么答
”
，用
Is / Are
there
来提问，就用
there is
/ are
来回答。
肯定回答：
Yes, there is / are.
否定回答：
No, there
isn't / aren't.
E.g.
1
、
There are two cats in the
tree.
树上有两只猫。
Are
there two cats in the tree?
Yes, there are.
No,
there aren't.
2
、
There is a
computer on the desk .
在桌子上有一台电脑。
单数
is,
复
.
资料
.
.
.
. .
..
Is there a computer on the
desk
？
Yes, there
is.
No, there
isn't.
课堂练习
：
1.
There is a new bed and an old desk in the room .
否定句：
一般疑问句
：
否定回答
：
5
、
some
和
an
y
在
“
there
be
”
句型中的用法：
some
一些（
some
用于肯定句）
any
一些（
any
用于否定句和一般疑问句
）
注意：
There be
句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时，要注意把句中的
some
变成
any
。
E.g.1
、
There is
some water in the bottle
.
在瓶子里有一些水。
There
isn't any water in the
bottle.
（否定句）
Is
there any water in the
bottle
？
（一般疑问句）
2
、
There are some
children in the picture.
图片里有一些小孩。
There
aren't any children in the picture.
（否定句）
Are there
any children in the
picture
？（一般疑问句）
课堂练习
：
1. -- Are
there _____ shops near here?
-- No, there are _____ shops
near here.
A. some,
not
B. some, any
C. any, not
D.
any, no
2
．
There
are some tables on the
floor.
（变为否定句）
6
、就近原则：
.
资料
.
.
.
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