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国际音标完整教程

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-17 04:42
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2021年2月17日发(作者:660)


国际音标课程



Lesson 1


一、认识音标



英语中共有

< p>
48


个音标,其中


20


个 为


元音


音标,


28

个为


辅音


音标。发音时声带振动且气流在通路上不受


发音器官阻挡的是元音。发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官阻挡的是辅音。


48


个国际音标



长元音



短元音




双元音



清辅音



浊辅音



清辅音



浊辅音



鼻音



半元音



边音



?



/


ɑ:/



/


?


/


/e/


/


??


/


/p/


/b/


/


?


/


/


?


/


/m/


/j/


/


L


/


/


?


:/


/


?


/


/?/


/e


?


/


/t/


/d/


/h/


/r/


/n/


/w/



/


?


:/


/


?


/


/e


?


/


/


??


/


/k/


/g/


/ts/


/dz/


/?/





/i:/


/


?


/


/a


?


/


/


??


/


/f/


/v/


/t


?


/


/d


?


/





/u:/


/


?


/


/


??


/


/a


?


/


/θ/



/?


/


/tr/


/dr/





/s/


/z/











请写出


26


个字母



________________________ __________________________________________________ __________


____________________________ __________________________________________________ ______


________________________________ __________________________________________________ __


二、元音字母



1



[


ɑ:


]



?



?



发音要领


:长元音。口腔打开,嘴张大,舌身放平,舌尖不抵下齿,下巴放低,放松发音。



字母组合:



a



ar



au



al







examples: f


a


st


快的





l


a


st


最后的






gl


a< /p>


ss


玻璃





cl


a


ss


班级




< /p>


pl


a


nt


植物




dance


跳舞


















car


汽车






farm


农场







garden


花园





arm


胳膊


















aunt


阿姨



















half


一半



?



读一读



1.


It’s too far!





It’s too far!





How can I see so far?




So far,so far.


can drive a car,




Running on the road fast.




I can drive a star,




Flying in the dark.




The best I laugh,




I laugh the last.


?



背一背



开着


car


(汽车)



向着


star


(星星)



路途


far


(遥远的)




想变


smart

(聪明的)



必须


start


(开始)



学习


a rt


(艺术)



?



根据发音规则,圈出每组中含元音


/


ɑ:


/


的两 个单词



n


卡通






play













clean


打扫












park


公园















last


上一个的











funny


可笑的









grass


草坪














half


一半











front


正面









after


在(时间)后




时钟









dance


跳舞









cook


烹调








start


开始





2



[


?


]



?



?



发音要领:


短元音。嘴唇微微张开,伸向两边,舌尖轻触下齿,舌后 部稍稍抬起。



字母组合:


u



o



ou








examples:bus


巴士






sun


太阳





jump






cup


杯子

















son


儿子






money







front


前面






lovely


可爱的






mother


妈妈

















trouble


麻烦




enough


足够的





young


年轻的



?



读一读



Hurry up!


Hurry up!


There comes the bus.


Don’t worry.



I’m in good luck.



I can catch the bus.


?



背一背



举着


gun


(枪)


























小小


bug


(虫)



瞄准


sun


(太阳)

< br>

























把我


hug


(拥抱)



不停


run


(跑)



?



念单词


,


在读


[


?

< br>]


的字母或字母组合下划线



bun






fun







gun






run





sun





bus




cup





cut







summer


bunny




jump




supper




Monday



front




lovely




money




young







3



[


?


:]



?



?



发音要领:


长元音。双唇收得小而圆,并向前突出,舌身往后缩。< /p>



字母组合:



al





ar



au



aw



or



ou








examples



small


小的




talk


谈话





tall


高的





ball





call






walk


散步





all





also




















warm


温暖的




quarter


四分之一




















autumn


秋季



















draw




















short


短的




more


更多的




horse





for


为了




forty


四十




sport


运动




















four








?



读一读



1.I like sport,



Though I



m short.



I train more and more,



And be as strong as a horse.


little black birds sitting on a wall.




One named Jack,and one named Paul.




Fly away ,Jack!Fly away Paul!




Come back,Jack!Come back,Paul!


?



背一背



有一堵


wall


(墙)


























个子


sh ort


(矮的)



它有些


small


(小)

























喜欢


sport

(运动)



只有一人


tall


(高)

























骑着


horse


(马)


用力踢只


ball


(球)



在墙那边


fall


(落下)



给妈打个


call


(电话)



她在


shopping mall


(商场)



给爸打个


call


(电话)



他在


dining hall


(餐厅)



急得我们


all


(全部)



一头 撞上


wall


(墙)



?



根据发音规则,找出含

< p>
[


?


:]


音的单词,并写 在横线上




讲话








bird










bread


面包






happy


高兴





______________________



我的







chair


椅子






sport


运动







his


他的








______________________











ask










spring


春天






get


到达







______________________










cup


杯子







autumn


秋天





bag


书包







______________________


4



[


?


]


?



?



发音要领:


短元音。口腔打开,嘴张大,舌头向后缩,双唇稍收圆。



字母组合:



o



a








examples:hot


热的




lot


许多




box


盒子



not



















want


想要




wash






watch




?



读一读



1.


Where’s the watch?





Where’s the watch I got in my pocket?



2.


A dog and a fox stand on a ’s a shop near the bus stop.



?



背一背



清晨


jog


(慢跑)



带上


dog


(狗)



踩到


frog


(青蛙)



?



根据发音规则,找出含音的单词,并写在横线上




房子






teacher


老师








wash









clothes


衣服







___________________



冷的









bottle


瓶子








turn


转弯








left













___________________











season


季节








often


经常








bus


巴士









___________________








which


哪一个









song


歌曲






week









_______________________


作业



1.


读短语



ask and answer


/a:sk/ /?nd/ /a:ns


?


/


charge for trouble


/t


?


a: d


?


/ /f


?


:/ /tr


?


bl/


blood brother


/bl


?


d/ /b r


?


?


?


/


2.


读句子



1



The stars in the sky are far away from us.


The /sta:z/ in the sky /a:/ /fa:/ away from /


?


s/.


2



When the sun comes up, you are still under the covers, it is still the


time to get up!


When the /s


?


n/ /k


?


mz/ /


?


p/, you /a:/ still /


?


nd


?


/ the /k


?


v


?

< br>z/, /it/ /iz/ /stil/


the time to /get/ /


?


p/!


3.


读谚语


Like father, like son.


有其父必有其子



Far from eye, far from heart.


眼不见,心不烦



4.


选出划线部分读音不同的单词




















































































































































r







































t


5.


请将每个音标书写


10






lesson 2


1



[


?


:]


?



?



发音要领



字母组合





er




ear



ir



ur



or







长元音。嘴型扁平,上下齿微开,舌身平放,舌中部稍抬起。








examples




her


她的




















pearl


珍珠



learn


学习





earth


地球




















girl


女孩




bird





third


第三




shirt


衬衫





first


第一




















fur


皮毛






turn


转弯;顺序





hurt


受伤




















work


工作





word


单词



?



读一读



Who’ll catch the worm?



It’s the early bird.



Who’ll be the first?



It’s the clever girl.



?



圈出下列单词中元音相同的两个单词









三十





beer


啤酒







thirsty


口渴





wheat


小麦









快的







early


早到的




count


数数




learn


学习









先生








sit












turn


转弯








use


使用









单词






worry


担心






type


打字







worker


工人


< br>2



[


?


]


?



发音要领








短元音 。嘴唇微微张开,舌身放平,舌中部稍微抬起,口腔自然放松发声。



?



?



字母组合





er




or




ou




ar



a




e




i



o



u


examples: pict


ure


图片





camer


a


相机




teach


er


老师





sug


ar





pand


a


熊猫




读一读






1. Father,mother,sister,







And my younger brother.







They all sit together,







T


alking about the weather.





,cinema,umbrella.







I took my umbrella;







I carried my camera;







And I went to the cinema.


?



圈出下列单词中元音相同的两个单词









电影院





swim


游泳








camera


相机






shop


购物








e


特点







keep


保持








picture


图片






climb









er


记者






doctor


医生







traffic


交通







sleep




















summer


夏天






winter


冬天







listen




?



动词变名词








example



teach


——


teacher







learn


——



















write


——

















dance


——















sing


——








bake


——



















swim


——

















clean


——
















drive


——



3



[i:]


?



?



发音要领



字母组合



e



ea



ee




ie



ei








长元音。嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角向两边张开,流露 出微笑的表情,与字母


e


的发音相同。








examples:





e


vening


晚上;傍晚




Chin


e


se


中国人






















t


ea







s


ea



大海





l


ea


f


树叶




ea


t























s


ee







d


ee


p



深的




str


ee


t


大街;街道






















p


ie


ce





th


ie


f


小偷






















rec


ei


ve


收到



?



读一读



to tea!




Come to tea with me!




Come to tea with me by the sea!


,sweet,sweet,




Sweets are sweet.




I like sweets,




Because they are sweet.


?



圈出下列单词中元音相同的两个单词









座位




rain







bean


大豆







cat










礼物





feet







teacher


老师





dog
















star


星星




tree











jeep


吉普车



?



趣味拼读



I can s


ee


the s


ea


,the d


ee


p,gr


ee


n s


ea


.


4



[


?


]


?



?



发音要领:


短元音。嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,嘴型 扁平。



字母组合:


i



y




ei



ey







examples: s


i


x






f


i


sh


小鱼




< /p>


p


i


g






s

< p>
i


t






v


i


s


i


t


拜访


















man


y


许多





happ


y


高兴




t went


y


二十


















mon


ey




?



读一读








’s swimming.









He’s swimming in the river.









He’s swimming in the river with Tim.








you ready?









No,I’m sorry.










Is she ready?









No,she is busy.









Let’s everything ready!



?


< br>根据发音规则,圈出每组中含元音


/


?

< br>/


的两个单词









沙发











spring


春天






plant












winter


冬天








y


一月








every


每个







cave


山洞








best










迟到












pick











swim


游泳










letter










第五












talk


讲话








sit













tell


告诉



?



单词辨析








sit-seat





ship-sheep





fill-feel




fit-feet


作业



1


、背一背



穿上


shirt


(衬衫)



一个


nurse


(护士)



一个


driver< /p>


(司机)



脱下


skirt


(裙子)



丢了


purse


(钱包)



掉进


river


(河)



扔进


dirt


(土)




一只


bee


(蜜蜂)



一颗


p ea


(豌豆)



躲进


tree


(树)



掉进


sea


(大海)

< br>


没人


see


(看见)



泡壶

< p>
tea


(茶)



2


、根据音标读单词



dinner['din


?


] exercise['eks


?


saiz]


eat[i:t] weekend['wi:k'end]


spring[spri


?


] swim[swim]


3


、判断下列单词有几个音节



( )September[sep'temb


?


]


()


October[


?


k 't


?


ub


?


]


()


November[n


?


u'vemb


?


]


()


birthday['b


?


:< /p>


θ


dei]


()


music['mju:zik]



4


、选出划线部分读音不同的单词







( )


( ) g


( )


5


、请将每个音标书写


10












生命


over


(结束)



一只


pig


(猪)



非常


big


(大)



把洞


dig


(挖)



lesson 3


1



[u:]


?



?



发音要领:


长元音。嘴形小而圆,微微外突,舌头尽量后缩。



字母组合:


oo




o



u








exa mples



food


食物

< p>



moon


月亮




room


房间




tooth


牙齿



















shoe


鞋子




do





two




















true


真的





blue


蓝色的






?



读一读



I choose blue.


I choose blue shoes.


I choose blue shoes to take to school.


?



念单词



boot



cool




fool




choose




tooth




moon




noon




pool




school




zoo


2



[


?


]


?



?



发音要领:


短元音。嘴唇张开略向前突出,嘴型稍收圆并放松些,舌 头后缩。



字母组合:


oo




ou



u



o








examples:look






good






foot





book





wood


木头



















should


应该





could


可能




















put





full





pull





push



















woman


女人





wolf




?



读一读





Look



Here is a book---




A very good book!




It



s about a king and his cook.




Yes,of course,




I want to have a look.


?



?



读成对的单词



look


——


lock





cook


——


cock





books


——


box


圈出元音发音不同的单词








foot




food





good





wood


3



[


e


]


?



发音要领:


短元音。嘴型扁平,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起。



?



字母组合:


ea




e



a



examples



head





bread


面包














elephant


大象




lesson





bed






desk


课桌





yes


是的














many


许多




any


任何的



?



读一读








Have a rest.







Don't get wet.







Show me your left leg.







You’d better send me a letter.



?



圈出不含


[


e


]


的单词










best


最好的







else


其他









when


什么时间










lesson










busy


忙的









pen





到达





snowman


雪人





twelfth


第十二




well


身体好




轮渡




February


二月






contest


比赛





west


西方



4



[


?


]


?



?



发音要领:


短元音。嘴张大,嘴角尽量拉向两边,成扁平形,舌尖抵 下齿。



发音字母:



a


example



bag





hand





and





ant


蚂蚁




happy


高兴的




hat


帽子




map


地图














bad


坏的




black


黑色




back


后面





?



读一读



Look at the hat.


Look at the cap.


Oh,a cat is in the cap.


How can the cat catch the rat?


It’s too bad,too bad.



?



作业



1.


熟读下列音标







单词辨析



bag


——


beg






land


——


lend






bad


——


bed


/


ɑ:/



/


?


/


/e/


/


?


:/


/


?


/


/?/


/


?


:/


/


?


/


/i:/


/


?


/


/u:/


/


?


/


2.


判断下列单词中元音音标是(


T


)否(


F


)相同















lend




















walk



















room














bread



















clean



















win


3.


找出划线部分读音不同的单词























g























r



















































































































ast



























































4.


阅读



I Make Granny Glad






A


language


teacher


Grace


was


giving


a


lesson


about


how


to


make


others


glad.”Now,boys


and


g


irl,”she began to ask,”Do you often make others glad?” ”I guess yes,Grace.”said a small girl,Gloria,”I


made someone glad today.”



“Great!Who is that?”



“My granny.”



“Good tell us how you made your grandmother glad.”



“OK.I went to see her today.I pla


yed the guitar and told ghost stories for three said she had a


I said to her,’Granny,I’m going home.’And she began to smile,’Great.I’m glad now!’When


I went to the gate of her house,she asked me gave me a bag with a big egg


in it.”



1)


根据故事判断正(


T


)误(


F













was giving a lesson about how to make others glad.











girl made her granny glad.











girl got a big apple from her granny.


2)


写出划线部分音标



girl















do



tell







is

















to seeherask


egg


5.


将本节课所学的音标写


10




us




































bag




























big




















































lesson 4



1



[< /p>


e


?


]


?



?



发音要领:



[e]



[


?


]


两 个单音组成,


[e]


重读,


[


?


]


轻读,口形由半开到合,字母


a


就发这个音。



字母组合:


a



ay



ea




ai



ey








exa mples



name


名字

< p>



cake


蛋糕




late


迟到




plane


飞机





April


四月




















play





say





may


可以




way























great


很好地




break


破裂




















rain


下雨





paint


画画






















they


他们




grey


灰色的





?



读一读



Day after day.


Day after day.


We study English day after day.


Don



t be lazy!


That



s the way.


We must study hard day after day.


?



找出每组中不含

< br>[e


?


]


的单词









wave







jeep






take






late









far







space







play








village






always







price








Friday






pay







2



[


a


?


]


?



?



发音要领


:由


[a]



[


?


]


两 个单音组成,前重读后轻读,口型由开到合,与字母


i


的发音相 同



字母组合:


i




y



ie




igh







examples



bike


自行车




fine


好的




find





nine
























my


我的




try


尝试




fly





eye


眼睛






















pie


馅饼


































light





night


晚上





high


高的













?



读一读



my nice kite,








Fly my nice kite,








Fly,fly very high,








Up,up to the sky







pie,apple pie,









Peter likes apple pie;









So do I,so do I.


3



[


??


]


?



?



发音要领


:由


[


?


]



[


?


]


两个单音组成,前重读后轻读,双唇由圆到扁,口型从开到合。< /p>



字母组合:


oy




oi







examples



boy


男孩




toy


玩具






joy


高兴





















oil





voice


声音




coin


硬币






?



读一读



,boys!



What a noise!



Get your toys,



Boys,boys!



,my boy!



Don



t be annoyed.



Be quick to make a choice.



Do you like coins or toys?



Answer me in a loud voice.


4



[


??< /p>


]


?



?



发音要领


:由


[


?


]



[


?


]


两个单 音组成,


[


??


]

的发音是一个过程,口形由半开到小,与字母


o


的发音相< /p>


同。



字母组合:


o



ou



ow



oa







examples



home



cold



go



no



phone



host



ghost




















know



low



below




grow



blow



show



flow


















boat




coat




goal


?



读一读



,snow


Where do you go?


I don’t


know,


I don’t know,



Where I go.




s a goat,



Sitting in a boat,



Wearing a coat,



And writing a note.


作业:



1.


读单词找规律



我的


neighbor


年仅


eight


擅长


play


电脑


game


有个


child


今年


five


非常


nice


每天


smile


有个


boy


有点


noise


特别


enjoy


购买


toy


有只


goat


穿着


coat


玩着


snow


忘了


home


2.


选择读音不同的单词



(









)



















(









)



















se


(









)











ent




(









)



















(









)

























3.


阅读



Hello,I



m


Lucy.I



m


a



is


our


new


schedule.I


have


Chinese


and


maths


every



have


music


and


English


on



have


PE


and


English


on



have


computer class and science on have art and English on have PE


and science on Fridays.I like PE class the best.


1)


判断正(


T


)误(


F













has Chinese class on Mondays.











is a student.











loves English class the best.


2)


写划线部分音标



hello



























science























have


maths
























class

























like


























4.


将本节课所学音标写


10




and
























weart


Friday





































on




best


最好的

















lesson 5



1



[


a


?


]


?



?



发音要领


:由


[a]



[


?


]


两 个单音组成,


[a]


重读,


[


?


]


轻读,口形由大到小。


字母组合:


ou



ow







examples



house



out



flour



ground



account



count



sound



loud



around



mouse



















flower



down



now



cow



how



town


?



读一读



Mr. Brown!!


Are you going down to town?


Could you stop and take me down?


Thank you kindly,Mr Brown.


2



[


??


]


?



?



发音要领


:由


[


?


]



[


?


]


两个单 音组成,


[


?


]


重读,


[


?


]


轻读,双唇始终半开。



字母组合:


ea



eo



eer



ear







examples



beer



deer





















ear




near





















idea


?



读一读



Oh,dear,oh,dear!


The beer here is too dear!


It



s sad to hear,


That thing could be so queer.

3



[


e


?


]


?



?



发音要领


:由


[e]


?



[


?


]


两个单音组成,前重后轻,舌 尖抵下齿,双唇半开。



字母组合:


ear



air



ere







examples



pear



bear




















chair



air



fair




















there



where


















care


?



读一读



Here,here,here.


There,there,there.


here and there.


there and here.


I



.m here.


You



re there.


here and there.


Pears are grown everywhere.


4


< br>[


??


]


?



?



?



发音要领


:由


[


?


]


?



[


?


]


两个单音组成,前重后轻,嘴唇由收圆到半开。



字母组合:


ur oor our ure


读一读








exa mples



tour


旅行

< p>




poor


穷的




February


二月




pure


纯洁的



,sure,sure.


We are not poor.


Are you sure?


Yes!Sure,sure.


g in his pocket,I



m sure.



But don



t say he is poor.



Because of his hands secure,



He



ll turn a stone to gold pure.


作业



1.


将音标与相对应的单词进行划线



[b


??


]






























hair


[


?


??


]





























where


[we


?


]





























boy


[he


?


]





























sure


[h


??


]






























lazy


[


?


le


?


zi]





























borrow

< br>[


?


b


?


r


??


]



























here


2.


阅读



Wendy is twelve years old,and she always does things her own her parents want


her to do something,she always doesn



t do parents always worry about a cold


winter day,she wanted to go to her friend



s birthday she didn



t know what to


was choosing a sweater to had three sweaters--a blue sweater,a white one and a yellow


had asked her father,



Which sweater is the best?



Her father said,



I think the yellow one


is the best.



Then she asked he mother,



Which one do you think is the best?



Her mother


answered,



The blue one,of course!



Wendy said,



Thank you.



Then she put the white sweater and


walked out.


1)


判断正


(T)



( F)








always listens to her parents.








wanted to go to her friend



s birthday party on a cold winter day.








last Wendy chose the yellow sweater.


2)


写划线部分音标



year

















know


(知道)















winter

















yellow


about

















cold
























wear




















white


choosing














course






















which




















out


4.


将本节课所学音标写


10






lesson 6


元音发音规则



1)



A



E



O



U



2)



_a_







_e







_o







_u_


3)



I&Y




4)



Silent final E



5)



两个元音规则




6)



the



r



rule



圈出每组中发音不同的单词



p


i


g ch


i


n mon


ey


s


h


er


teach


er


b


ir


d sk


h


or


se d


o


g w


a


tch f


j


ui


ce f


oo


d b


oo


k sh


gr


a


ss b


u


s st


arau


nt


c


a


p d


e


sk s


ai


d b


g


a


te tr


ay


r


ai


n p


b


oy


b


oi


l b


ow


s


fl


ow


er sn


ow


h


ou


se c


p


oor


t


our


b


oa


t p


作业



1.


复习元音发音及字母组合发音


< /p>


1


)写出


ai


组 合的常见发音:



2


)写出

< p>
ay


组合的常见发音:



3


)写出


au


组合的常见发音:



4


)写出


aw


组合的常见发音:



5

)写出


ar


组合的常见发音:


< /p>


6


)写出


er


组 合的常见发音:



7


)写出

< p>
ir


组合的常见发音:



8


)写出


or


组合的常见发音:



9


)写出


ur


组合的常见发音



10

)写出


ea


组合的常见发音:


< /p>


11


)写出


oa


组合的常见发音:



12


)写出


ou


组合的常见发音:


13


)写出


ow


组合的常见发音:



ea



ir


t


o


x


oe


s


e


ll


ie



oy



ow



ure



14


)写出


oo


组合的常见发音:



2.


给下列单词划线部分选择正确的读音


< /p>


A


.


/e


?


/




B./i:/




C./


ɑ:/






D./


?


:/





E./


?


:/




F./


??


/




G./?/




H./


?


/



I./e/




J./


?


/











(







)
















(







)


e





(







)
















(







)








(







)
















(







)









(







)

















(







)


ore







(







)














(







)


3.


将音标与相对应的单词进行划线



[b


??


]






























hair


[


?


??


]





























where


[we


?


]





























boy


[he


?


]





























sure


[h


??


]






























lazy


[


?


le


?


zi]





























borrow

< br>[


?


b


?


r


??


]



























here


4.


根据划线部分的读音, 选择正确的音标


























A.


/i:/









B./?/









C./e


?


/










ll















A.


/


?


/









B./u:/









C./


?


/



























A./e


?


/










B./


??


/










C./


??


/

























A./a


?


/










B./


??


/









C./


?


:


/


























A.


/


?


/










B./


?


:/









C./


ɑ:/





lesson 7


1



[p]


?



?



发音要领


:双唇紧闭,然后快速张开,让气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音 ,声带不振动。



读一读



Up,up,up.


Up,up,up.


Up to the top!


Up to the top!


Never stop!


Never stop!


Till you are at the top.


2



[b]


?



?



发音要领




[p ]


发音相似,


双唇紧闭,


然后快速张开 ,


让气流冲出口腔,


发出爆破音,


但声 带需振动。



读一读



See a pin and pick it up,


All the day you’ll have good luck.


-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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