2020北京市东城区2020届高三二模英语试题及答案

C

、

D

四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

3

A

INVITATION FOR YOUTH

TO SUBMIT VIDEOS

TO THE UNITED NATIONS

The

Education

Outreach

Section

of

the

United

Nations

Department

of

Public

Information

invites

young

people

from

around

the

world

between

the

ages

of

15

and

24

to

submit

10-

to

15-second

videos

in

English

on

how

the

Sustainable

Development

Goals

can

build

peace.

When

making

your videos, think about why ending poverty, addressing climate change, forging equality

and ensuring access to education are important to creating a more peaceful world.

The most engaging videos will be featured on the United Nations International Day of Peace

YouTube channel. Some will even be shown at an official event at United Nations Headquarters in

New York on 16 September.

We will be posting selected clips at

/channel

from 13 June (the start of the

100-day countdown) through 21 September, the International Day of Peace.

When

you

make

your

video,

please

state

your

name

and

country

at

the

beginning.

And

remember that all videos should be appropriate for younger audiences.

We’ll be accepting your submissions from now until 1 September. So start sending your videos

to

unitednationspeaceday@

today!

Background: The International Day of Peace falls on 21 September. The General Assembly has

declared this as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace, both within and among all nations

and peoples. Every year on this day, the United Nations calls on the people of the world to remember

their common humanity and join together to build a future free of conflicts. The theme for this year,

“The Sustainable Development Goals: Building Blocks for Peace”, highlights how ending poverty,

protecting

the

planet

and

ensuring

prosperity

for

everyone

all

contribute

to

global

harmony.

The

Sustainable

Goals

cover

a

broad

range

of

issues,

including

poverty,

hunger,

health,

education,

climate change, gender equality, water, sanitation, energy, environment and social justice.

More information on the International Day of Peace and the Sustainable Development Goals:

/en/events/peaceday

.

4

FOR THE INTERNATIONAL DAY OF PEACE

31. The participants should ______.

A. be at least twenty-four years old

B. upload clips onto the appointed website

C. come up with solutions to global problems

D. submit the videos no later than 1 September

32. What might be the proper words to start the video?

A.

My name is Jimena, and I’m from Peru.

B. Hello, I

’

d like to introduce the event first.

C. Today I want to say something to young audiences.

D. What is the key to creating a more peaceful world?

33. Once chosen, the video will be ____.

A. put on a YouTube channel

B. posted on the web for one year

C. shown at the theater in New York

D. filmed on the International Day of Peace

34. What is the main purpose of the activity?

A. To collect video materials for the websites.

B. To raise young people

’

s concern about world peace.

C. To draw attention to the education of the next generation.

D. To popularize the International Day of Peace among the youth.

B

It’s a Saturday night, the kids are asleep and we have no plans. Before we fall into our routine

and watch a movie, I try to talk my husband into playing a card game. Unconvinced, he continues

tapping away on his phone. But just before disappearing into the social media rabbit hole, he has an

idea. He looks over me and suggests, “Why don’t we try calling one of our friends?”

I look at him with raised brows, as if his suggestion is somewhat ridiculous and perhaps even

socially unacceptable. You can’t just call someone out of the blue now…right? But then I think again

and realize that at one point in time, in the not so distant past, this was the norm. I spent my early

teenage

years

connecting

with

friends

through

a

phone

that

was

connected

to

a

wall.

It

wasn

’t

“smart”, but it allowed me to keep in touch with the latest gossip and news. We would chat for hours,

5

sometimes while I hid under my blanket in order to avoid the chance of being caught by my parents.

I

could

even

memorize

the

phone

numbers

of

loved

ones

then.

While

I

did

own

an

address

book

—

and there was always the White Pages, where you could look people up by their names

—

I

had the contact details of special friends, first loves and family members committed to memory. I

guess these days, they would be

on my “Favorites” list in my smartphone.

Today, many of my “favorite” people are followed from a distance through social media, and

even they very rarely

—

if ever

—

would get an actual call from me. The birth announcement by my

oldest friend is received through catching a well-defined bump into a photo that I scroll past. The

news of a divorce from a couple whom I had considered my second parents when I was in middle

school arrives after a photo of a woman led me on a quest for more gossip. Bits of such information,

a

collection

of

wonderful,

exciting,

shocking

and

also

boring

news,

may

have

been

a

part

of

my

digital feed for years. The idea of actually picking up the phone to reconnect with a long-lost friend

is an intimidating one

—

even seeing the name of an old friend pop up in an incoming call can feel a

little afraid.

I ask my husband, “Who would we call?” After tossing around a few names, we agree on some

potential candidates

—

people whose lives have taken them in different directions, but with whom we

still share deep friendships.

35. How does the author feel abou

t her husband’s suggestion

at first?

A. Excited.

B. Motivated.

C. Nervous.

D. Surprised.

36. With the phone,

the author’s

teenage years was_____.

A. difficult but interesting

B. peaceful and meaningful

C. pleasant and unforgettable

D. inconvenient but enjoyable

37. In the following days, the couple may ____.

A. share more of their private information with others

B. contact more long-lost friends through social media

C. have more personal communications with their friends

D. add more friends

’

names to the contact lists in their phones

6

C

Mathew

White,

an

environmental

psychologist,

is

on

a

mission

to

give

Mother

Nature

the

respect

he

thinks

she

deserves

when

it

comes

to

human

health.

For

decades,

scientists

and

health-care

professionals

have

recognized

that

exposure

to

green

spaces,

such

as

public

parks

or

forests, is linked with lower risks of all sorts of illnesses common in the world. Experimental work

has

demonstrated

various

physiological

responses

that

occur

when

people

spend

time

in

natural

environments:

blood

pressure

drops,

heart

rate

decreases,

immune

function

improves,

and

the

nervous system directs the body to rest and digest.

As

humans

increasingly

populate

urbanized

areas,

they

are

spending

less

and

less

time

in

natural environments. But before doctors can start advising their patients to head to the nearest park,

there is an important outstanding question, says White: How much time

in nature do you need to

generate these apparent benefits? Most of the research that has linked health outcomes with exposure

to the natural world didn’t use frequency or duration of park visits, but rather the amount of green

space within a certain distance of a person’s home, White says. But “it’s not so much where you live;

it’s whether you use it or

not.”

So he collected data to estimate what dose

（剂量）

of nature was needed to show benefits to a

person’s health. White’s group found the answer he was after:

Spending at least two hours in nature

per week was strongly correlated with self-reports of being in good health or having high wellbeing.

“I was very surprised, to be honest,” says White, who had been expecting a much longer time. “We

had no idea that such a clear threshold of time

per week would emerge from the data.”

He was further surprised to

learn that it didn’t seem to matter how many trips to a park people

took, so long as they got in their two hours per week. It could be a long visit one day, a couple of

hour-long

trips,

three

visits

of

40

minutes,

or

four

half-hour

excursions.

He

and

his

colleagues

speculate

that,

if

nature’s

apparent

health

benefits

are

a

result

of

being

able

to

de

-stress,

then

whatever pattern of green space exposure fits one’s schedule is probably the best way to achieve that

goal.

Health-care recommendations for people to spend time in nature are probably years away, but

the movement has begun. Several organizations around the world are working to promote awareness

of

nature’s

contribution

to

health.

Some

researchers

have

used

the

term

“a

dose

of

nature”

to

evaluate

the

amount

of

exposure

needed

to

gain

benefits.

“That

was

kind

of

the

deliberate

medicalization of the language around nature and health,” says White.

7

38. White’s research focused on_______.

A. required amount of green space

B. benefits from the exposure to nature

C. necessary time length of nature visits

D. physical responses to outdoor activities

39. What does the underlined phrase

“threshold of time” in Paragraph 3 probably

mean?

A. Maximum time.

B. Minimum time.

C. Adequate time.

D. Average time.

40. From the last paragraph, we can infer that White______.

A. is confident about his mission

B. is willing to cooperate with others

C. has persuaded others to accept his idea

D. has adopted the term for his research result

41. What’s the

best title for the passage?

A. Respect for Nature

C. Present from Nature

B. Nature as Medicine

D. Mission in Nature

D

Once I told someone I wanted to get a master’s

degree of fine arts in creative writing and they

told

me

it

was

the

second-to-worst

post-

graduation

plan

they’d

ever

heard

from

a

student.

Arts

degrees

—

especially fine arts degrees, which usually come in the form of music, studio art, creative

writing and theater

—

have been, over the years, labeled useless.

It’s true that

for the most part, STEM degrees lead to higher paying jobs than liberal and fine

arts

degrees,

and

it’s

understandable

why

young

people

care

about

a

higher

starting

salary

and

financial

security.

Student

loan

debt

is

playing

a

role

in

the

physical

and

mental

stress

of

young

people.

And

while

STEM

majors

usually

have

starting

salaries

that

are $$20,000

higher

than

those

of

liberal arts majors, by the time people reach the age of 40, the salaries between those who majored in

the liberal arts and those who majored in STEM are virtually the same. For example, women who

major in STEM earned nearly 50% more than social science and history majors at ages 23-25, but

only

10%

more

by

ages

38-40,

a

New

York

Times

analysis

reported.

So

even

in

terms

of

salary,

which doesn’t solely determine whether or not a degree is useful, liberal arts degrees aren’t all that

far behind STEM.

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