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英语语言学
阶段测试
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答案
满分
(Full
mark)
：
100
考试时间
(Duration )
：
90
分钟
(Minutes)
题
号
Question
Number
A. prescriptive
B. analytic
C. descriptive
D. linguistic
(
) 2.
According to F. de
Saussure, ____ refers to the abstract linguistic
system shared by all the
members of a
speech community.
A. parole
B. performance
C.
langue
D.
Language
( )
3.
Language can be used to
refer to contexts removed from the immediate
situations of the
speaker. This feature
is called____.
A. displacement
B. duality
C. flexibility
D. cultural transmission
( )
4.
Which of the following is
not a design feature of human language?
A. Arbitrariness
B. Displacement
C. Duality D.
Meaningfulness
一
One
二
三
四
五
六
七
八
总分
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Total
Marks
阅卷人
Examiner
系别
Department
得分
Marks
专业
Part 1 True or False (1’*20=20’)
Decide whether each of the
following statements is True or False
(
) 1.
Linguistics is
generally defined as the scientific study of
language.
T
装
( )
2.
Linguistics studies
particular language, not languages in general.
F
Major
班级
Class
学号
Student’
s Number
订
姓名
Name
线
( ) 3.
A diachronic study of language is the
description of language at some point in time.
F
( )
4.
Modern linguistics
regards the written language as primary, not the
written language.
F
( ) 5.
The
distinction between competence and performance was
proposed by F. de Saussure.
F
( ) 6.
If two phonetically similar sounds
occur in the same environments and they
distinguish
meaning, they are said to
be in complementary distribution.
F
( ) 7.
A phone is a phonetic unit that
distinguishes meaning.
F
( ) 8.
English is a tone language while
Chinese is not.
F
( ) 9.
Words are the smallest meaningful units
of language.
F
(
) 10.
Just as a phoneme is
the basic unit in the study of phonology, so is a
morpheme the basic
unit in the study of
morphology.
T
( ) 11.
The
syntactic rules of any language are finite in
number, but there is no limit to the number
of sentences native speakers of that
language are able to produce and comprehend.
T
(
) 12.
In a complex sentence,
the two clauses hold unequal status, one
subordinating the other. T
( )
13.
What is actually
internalized in the mind of a native speaker is a
complete list of words and
phrases
rather than grammatical knowledge.
F
( )
14.
Dialectal synonyms can
often be found in different regional dialects such
as British English
and American English
but cannot be found within the variety itself, for
example, within British
English or
American English.
F
( ) 15.
The meaning of a sentence is the sum
total of the meanings of all its components.
F
( )
16.
Most languages have
sets of lexical items similar in meaning but
ranked differently
according to their
degree of formality.
T
( ) 17.
Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers
of a language use sentences to effect
successful communication.
F
( )
18.
It would be impossible
to give an adequate description of meaning if the
context of
language use was left
unconsidered.
T
( ) 19.
The
meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-
dependent.
F
( ) 20.
Both
semantics and pragmatics study meanings.
T
Part 2
Multiple Choice
(1’*20=20’)
There
are four choices following each statement. Mark
the choice that can best complete
the
statement.
( ) 1.
If a linguistic study describes and
analyzes the language people actually use, it is
said to be
____.
( )
5.
The sounds produced
without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.
A. voiceless
B. voiced
C. vowel D.
consonantal
( ) 6.
____ is a voiced alveolar stop.
A. /z/
B. /d/
C. /k/
D./b/
( )
7.
The assimilation rule
assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a
feature of a
sequential phoneme, thus
making the two phones ____.
A. identical
B. same C. exactly alike
D. similar
( )
8.
A(n) ____ is a unit that
is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit,
a collection of
distinctive phonetic
features.
A. phone
B. sound
C. allophone D.
phoneme
( ) 9.
The morpheme “vision” in the common
word “television” is a(n) ____.
A. bound morpheme
B.
bound form C. inflectional morpheme
D. free morpheme
( )
10.
____ are those that
cannot be used independently but have to be
combined with other
morphemes, either
free or bound, to form a word.
A. Free
morphemes
B. Bound
morphemes
C. Bound
words D. Words
(
) 11.
____ are often thought
to be the smallest meaningful units of language by
the linguists.
A. Words
B. Morphemes
C. Phonemes
D. Sentences
( )
12.
A sentence is considered
____ when it does not conform to the grammatical
knowledge in
the mind of native
speakers.
A. right
B. wrong
C. grammatical
D.
ungrammatical
( ) 13.
“Alive” and “dead” are ____.
A. gradable antonyms
B. relational
opposites
C. complementary antonyms
D. None of the above
( ) 14.
____
deals with the relationship between the linguistic
element and the non-linguistic
world of
experience.
A. Reference
B. Concept
C. Semantics
D. Sense
( )
15.
____ refers to the
phenomenon that words having different meanings
have the same form.
A. Polysemy
B. Synonymy
C. Homonymy
D. Hyponymy
( ) 16.
Words that are close in meaning are
called ____.
A. homonyms
B. polysemy
C. hyponyms
D. synonyms
(
) 17.
____ does not study
meaning in isolation, but in context.
A. Pragmatics B.
Semantics
C. Sense
relation D. Concept
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