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1
V-ed
分词作状语和短语动词
一．
V-ed
分词作状语
< br>
及物动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成的意义，功能上相当于一个表示时
间、原因、条件、结果、
让步和方式等的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。<
/p>
1.
V-ed
分词作时间状语（相当于时间状语从句）
①
Born at the beginning of
the century, he became president in the early
1940
’
s.
他出生于世纪之初，
到了
20
世纪
40
年代初期成为了总统。
②
Seen
from
the
hill,
the
village
looks
more
beautiful.
从山
上看去，这个村庄更加漂亮了。可以转换为
When
it
is
seen from the hill, the
village looks more beautiful.
2.
V-ed
分词作原因状语（相当于原因状语从句）
①
Confused by the stones
flying at them from all sides, the boys ran into
the building.
孩子们被从四面八方朝他们飞来的石头弄糊涂了，于是他
们跑进了那幢大楼里。可以转换为
They were confused
by the stones flying at them from all
sides, so the boys ran into the building.
②
Tired and hungry, the
little girl sat at the wall corner.
又累又饿，小女孩坐到了墙角处。
③
Discouraged, she decided to
leave the city of Beijing.
心灰意冷，她决定离开北京城。
3.
V-ed
分词作条件状语
(
相当于条件
状语从句
)
①
Given more
time and support, we could have done it better.
如果当时给我们更多的时间和支持，我们会做得更好。可以转换为
I
f
we
were
given
more
time
and
support,
we
could
have done it better.
②
Put
into use as soon as possible, the hotline will do
us a great favour.
如果被尽快地投入使用，这条热线将会给我们很大的帮助。
③
Watered once a week, the
vegetables will grow better.
一周浇一次水，这些蔬菜会长得更好。
4. V-ed
分词作让步状语
(
相当于
although /
though
引导的让步状语从句
)
①
Attacked many times, the
residents in London didn
’
t
give in.
尽管被攻击了很多次，但伦敦居民并没有屈服。可以转换为
Although they were attacked many times, the
residents
in London
didn
’
t give in.
②
Laughed at by other boys,
he still continued to complete the task.
尽管遭到其他男孩的嘲笑，他仍然坚持完成了这项任务。
③
Tried again, the experiment
still couldn
’
t give us a
satisfying answer.
又尝试了一次，这个实验仍然不能给我们一个满意的结果。
5. V-ed
分词作方式或伴随状语（相当于方式状语从句，
当表示伴随时，相当于一个并列句）
①
Followed by his wolf dog,
the hunter walked slowly in the forest.
猎人在树林里慢慢行走，狼狗跟在后面。可以转换为
The
hunter
walked
slowly
in
the
forest
and
his
wolf
dog
Followed
him.
②
The hero sat there
telling stories, surrounded by a lot of students.
英雄坐在那儿讲故事，许多孩子围着他。
6.
V-ed
分词作结果状语（相当于结果状语从句）
①
He failed in the
competition, blamed by his companions.
2
他在比赛中失败了，受到了同伴的责备。
②
He made up with his wife
who abandoned him three years ago, admired by his
neighbors.
他和三年前抛弃他的妻子和好如初，受到了邻居的赞扬。
7.
V-ed
分词作状语，起补充说明作用（相当于一个并列句）
They eventually arrived at the
destination, tired and excited.
他们最终到了目的地，又累又激动。可以转换为
They
eventually
arrived
at
the
destination,
and
they
became
tired
and excited.
【拓展延伸】
根据需要，
V-ed
形式前面也可以加上
when,
while, until, once, though, although, as/so long
as, unless, as if (though),
even if
(though)
等词，
以表示强调。
①
Unless invited, I
won
’
t attend the ball.
除非被邀请，否则我不会参加舞会。
②
As long as given the
chance, I would cherish it.
只要给予这个机会，我就会珍惜的。
③
He walked as if drunk.
他走路的样子看起来喝醉了。
【名师指津】
before,
after
等词后必须用
being
done
的形式，注意若过去分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致
时，应在分词前加
上逻辑主语。
①
Before being permitted to
come in, remain where you are.
在允许进入之前，请先呆在原地。
②
The Olympics successfully
held, all the people cheered.
奥运会成功举行，所用人为之欢呼。
③
All the tickets sold out,
we had to wait for the next
week
’
s show.
所有的票都卖完了，我们只能等着下周的演出。
二．短语动词
1.
< br>有些动词常与副词、介词等连在一起构成短语动词，常见的构成方式如下：
短语动词构成方式
动词
+
副词
动词
+
介词
动词
+
副词
+
介词
动词
+
介词
+
名词
动词
+
名词
+
介词
be
动
词
+
介词
+
名
词
be
动词
+
形容词
+
介词
动词
+
名词
动词
+
非谓语动词
例词
put
on
穿上，上演
carry
on
进行
put
forward
提出
pick
out
选出
go
on
继续
give
up
放弃
deal
with
处理，对待
break
into
闯入
look
after
照看
break
through
突破
ask
for
要求，想要
look
for
寻找
look up
to
尊敬
look down
upon
看不起，贬低
look
forward to
盼望
go in
for
从事，参加
come
into being
形成
come into
office
上班
come to
an end
结束
pay
attention to
注意
take
care of
照管
take
advantage of
利用
catch hold
of
抓住
be on
show
在展出
be at
work
在工作
be at
war
处于交战状态
be keen
on
喜欢
be fond
of
喜欢
be afraid
of
害怕
be used
to
习惯于
be familiar
with
熟悉
take
place
发生
keep
watch
值班
take …for
granted
认为
……
想当然
go shopping
去购物
go fishing
去钓鱼