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辨析:
take, spend, cost
和
pay
的用法区别
总结:
take
一般用
it
< br>作主语,例如:
it takes sb. sometime to do
sth.
spend
一般是人作主语,例如:
I
spend an hour finishing my homework.
cost
表示某物值什么的(价值或
钱),例如:
The book cost 200 yuan.
pay
一般是人作主语,例如:
I
pay lots of money for books.
的主语必须是人,常用于以下结构
:
(1)spend
time/money on sth.
在……上花费时间(金钱)。例如:
I spent two hours on this
math problem.
这道数学题花了我两个小时。
(2)spend
time/money (in) doing sth.
花费时间(金钱)做某事。例如:
They spent two years (in)
building this bridge.
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。
(3)spend money for sth.
花钱买……
例如:
His money was spent for books.
他的钱用来买书了。
2
.cost
的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”,常见用法如下:
p>
(1)sth. costs (sb.) +
金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例如:
A new computer
costs a lot of money.
(2)(doing) sth. costs (sb.) +
时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例如:
Remembering
these new words cost him a lot of time.
他花了大量时间才记住了这
些单词。
注意:
cost
的过去式及过去分词都是
cost
,并且不能用于被动句。
3.
take
后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:
(1)It takes sb. +
时间
+ to do sth.
做某事花了某人多少时间。例如:
It took them three years to
build this road.
他们用三年时间修完了这条路。
(2)doing sth. takes sb. +
时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例如:
Repairing this
car took him the whole afternoon.
他花了一下午修车。
的基本用法是:
(1)pay (sb.)
money for sth.
付钱(给某人)买……
例如:
I have to pay them 20 pounds for this
room each month.
我每个月要付
20
英镑的
房租。
(2)pay for sth.
付……的钱
例如:
I have to pay for the book lost.
我不得不赔丢失的书款。
(3)pay for sb.
替某人付钱
例如:
Don
’
t worry!
I
’
ll pay for you.
别担心,我会给你付钱的。
(4)pay sb.
付钱给某人
例如:
They pay us every month.
他们每月给我们报酬。
(5)pay money back
还钱
例如:
May I borrow 12 yuan from
you? I
’
ll pay it back
next week.
(6)pay off one
’
s
money
还清钱。
pay
v.
付款;偿还
We paid 35
pounds
for each
ticket.
我们每票付了
35
英
镑。
同根词:
pay n.
工资;薪水;报答
They complained about their
pay and conditions.
他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条
件。
搭配:
pay off
偿清(债务);支付(债务)的全部数额
pay attention
to
注意
pay a visit to
去参观,拜访
pay for
为……
付款
练习:
一、用几种不同的表达方式翻译:
这
件外套花费了我
100
元。
1._________________________________________
_
2.___________________________________
_______
3._____________________________
_____________
4._______________________
___________________
二、单项选择:
1. I have to
them 20 pounds for this room each
month.
A. pay
B. paid
C. cost
D. took
2. They spend too much time
the report
A.
writing
B.
to write
C. on writing
D. write
3.
--What beautiful shoes
you
’
re wearing! They must be
expensive .
--No
,
they only
l0 yuan
.
A
.
spent
B
.
took
C
.
paid
D
.
cost
4. --Will you please
for my dinner,
Peter?
--Sure!
A. spend
B. pay
C. cost
will
me too much time to read this book.
A. take
B. cost
C.
spend
6.
This
science
book
____
me
a
great
amount
of
money.
A.
took
B.
cost
C.
used
D.
spent
I
borrow
12
yuan
from
you?
I'll
it
back
next
week.
A. take
B. cost
C. pay
D .spend
8. I
two
hours
on
this
maths
problem
yesterday.
A. take
B. cost
C. pay
D .spent
9.
Repairing
this
car
him
the
whole
afternoon.
A. took B. cost
C. pay
D .spent
10.
----How do you come to school?
----By bike. Taking a bus
may _____ much money. And walking ______ too much
time.
A. take; pays
B. cost; takes
C. pay; costs
D. pay; takes
11. She usually ________ much time
shopping in the supermarkets.
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