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Spend和take的区别__汇总

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-16 16:09
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2021年2月16日发(作者:代表)


Spend



take


的区别



一、简单的记住两个句型就行:




It take sb. sometime to do sth.


spend on /spend doing



详细解释:



Spend:


spend


作动词用,


意思是

< br>“


花费(钱、


时间)


;度过



。常与介词


on


连用,短语


spend…on…


表示



在某事


/


物上花费钱或时间

< p>


。如:



He spent a lot of money on books.



spend…on


后面


通常跟名词

,若为动词,要用


spend, in


doing


sth


花费财力或时间做某事。





如:


I spent half an hour in copying the text.




My mother spends an hour on the housework every clay.



take




花费



讲时,常用在句型

< p>
It takes sb. some time to do sth


中 ,它表示



花费


某人一段


时间


做某事



。句型中的< /p>


it


是形式主语


,不定式知语

< p>
to do sth


是真正的主语



take


的形式随


时间状语而变

。如:





It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.




It took them ten years to finish the invention.




It will take her three hours to get there by bike next time.


要表达



花钱买东西



可以用


lost, pay



spend



要表达



花时间做某



可以用


spend



take


。< /p>





如:


The jacket cost him 98 yuan.




He paid 98 yuan for the jacket.




He spent 98 yuan on the jacket.




She spends half an hour on English in the morning.




It takes her half an hour to learn English in the morning.




均可表示



花费



,但在用法和搭配等有很大区别。现分述如下:




一、从所涉及的


主 语


来看




spend


的主语


只能是人


,不能是事或物;


take


的主语可以是事或 物


(


包括形式主语


< br>it)


也可


以是人。如:



I have spent all day looking for you.


我花了



1


整天找你。



It took me an hour to write the letter.


我写这封信花了



1


个小时。



The letter took me an hour (to write). (


译文同上


)


I took an hour to write the letter. (


译文同上


)



2.


从所涉及的


宾语


来看



take


的宾语


通常是时间


,而



spend


的宾语则


可以是时间或钱


。如:



It took her two hours to walk to the station.


走路去车站花了她两小时。



He spends much time (money) on books.


他花了很 多时间读


(


钱买


)

书。




按传统语法,


take


的宾语通常是 时间,但在现代英语中,用钱作其宾语的现象已很普遍。


如:



It takes a lot of money to buy a house.


买一座房子要花一大笔钱。




3.


从所采用的


句型结构

< p>
来看




(1)


通常句型为:



sb spends time (money) on sth


某人在某一方面花多少钱



sb spends time (money) in [on] doing sth


某人在做某事方面花多少钱



it takes sb time (money) to do sth = it takes time (money) for sb to do sth


做某事花某人多


少时间或钱



sth takes sb time (money) to do


某事花某人多少时间或钱去做



sb takes time (moeny) to do


某人花多少时间或钱去做某事



(2)


用于以上意义时,


t


ake


通常不用于被动语态


,而



spend


则可以用于被动语态




误:


Two hours was taken to do the work.


正:


Two hours was spent on the work.


做这工作花了两个小时。



4.


从各自的比喻用法来看



(1) spend


表示



消耗





用完



。如:



I’ll spend no more breath on him.


我不会再和他费唇舌。



He spent great efforts to help me.


他费了很大的劲儿来帮我。



(2) take


表示需要人力


(


精力、劳力 等


)


。如:



It takes patience.


做这工作需要耐心。



It takes two to make a quarrel.


一个巴掌拍不响。



It took three men to lift the box.


抬这个箱子要


3


个人。



二、



spend


的主语必须是人


.



常用于以下结构:



(1) spend time



money on sth.


在< /p>


……


上花费时间(金钱)。



例:


I spent two hours on this maths problem.


这道数学题花了我两个小时。



(2) spend time




money (in) doing sth.


花费时间(金钱)做某事。



例:


They spent two years (in) building this bridge.


造这座桥花了他们两年时间。



(3)spend money for sth.


花钱买


……




例:


His money was spent for books.


他的钱用来买书了。





take


后面常跟双宾语


.



常见用法有以下几种:



(1)


It takes sb.


+时间+


to do sth.


做某事花了某人多少时间。



例:


It took them three years to build this road.


他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。



(2)doing sth. takes sb.


+时间< /p>


,


做某事花了某人多少时间。


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