Organization Behavior 15e Chapter 2 Testbank

Kimberly Ortiz strongly believes in working for a company

which promotes diversity. She believes that such organizations

are respectful of differences and allow employees more

exposure. She recently attended an interview where she was

told that the company follows policies which focus on

organizational diversity. However, when she finally joined the

company, she had a strong feeling that the company's claim

was not true. Which of the following, if true, weakens

Kimberly's belief that the company does not encourage

diversity?

A) Eighty-five percent of the top management positions in the

company are held by men.

B) She is the only African- American member in the entire

workforce.

C) The workforce is not dominated by any specific ethnic or

racial group.

D) The previous company she worked for made a conscious

effort to employ an equal number of men and women.

E) Her team members believe that they are treated equally in

spite of differences in performance.

C) The workforce is not dominated by any specific ethnic or

racial group.

________ diversity refers to diversity in observable attributes

such as race, ethnicity, sex, and age.

A) Psychographic

B) Additive

C) Surface-level

D) Disjunctive

E) Conjunctive

C) Surface- level

Which of the following is true with respect to surface-level

diversity?

A) It refers to psychographic characteristics of the members of

a group.

B) People with surface-level diversity will also share deep-level

diversity.

C) It indicates differences of values, emotions and personality

traits between people.

D) It refers to differences in easily perceived characteristics,

such as gender and race.

E) It represents a person's or group's thought processes and

feelings.

D) It refers to differences in easily perceived characteristics, such

as gender and race.

Differences in ________ indicate surface-level diversity.

A) personality

B) values

C) style of work

D) ethnicity

E) attitudes

D) ethnicity

Which of the following most likely indicates surface-level

similarity?

A) Tim and Jake are colleagues who take risks and are quick

decision makers.

B) The employees at GenSys prefer teamwork over individual

assignments.

C) Nina and Chuck are colleagues who share similar views on

corporate social responsibility.

D) Jane and Sara grew up in the same town and went to school

together.

E) Hannah and Nate are both introspective and tend to be slow

to reach decisions.

D) Jane and Sara grew up in the same town and went to school

together.

________ diversity refers to diversity with respect to

attributes that are less easy to observe initially but that can be

inferred after more direct experience.

A) Surface-level

B) Additive

C) Demographic

D) Deep-level

E) Conjunctive

D) Deep-level

Which of the following best represents deep-level similarity?

A) colleagues who both hail from the same neighborhood in

Alabama

B) employees who are college graduates with a degree in

business management

C) employees who speak Spanish and share similar religious

values

D) employees who seek challenges in assignments and like to

work collaboratively

E) employees in their mid-thirties with 10 years' work

experience in the publishing industry

D) employees who seek challenges in assignments and like to

work collaboratively

Malcolm Industries recently hired a large number of workers

for the company's new construction factory in Colorado.

During the hiring process, the management made a clear effort

to recruit physically strong individuals because the work at the

factory involves manual labor. The jobs need to be performed

by individuals who have the energy and physical stamina to

work for long hours. Which of the following surface-level

characteristics did the company most likely concentrate on

when selecting the new workers?

A) age

B) values

C) beliefs

D) religion

E) personality

A) age

A difference in ________ would indicate deep-level diversity.

A) gender

B) age

C) ethnicity

D) disability

E) values

E) values

________ differences between people represent deep-level

diversity.

A) Race

B) Age

C) Ethnicity

D) Gender

E) Personality

E) Personality

The management at Climate Action Development needs to

recruit campaign managers for its Renewable Energy Project.

They are looking for candidates who are assertive, extroverted,

and who can tackle challenges head-on. Which of the following

deep-level characteristics should they focus on to best help

them recruit the right candidate for the job?

A) race

B) age

C) ethnicity

D) values

E) personality

E) personality

The human resources department of Orbit Bank believes in

being unbiased toward all employees and treating them fairly.

They believe it is crucial that the company treat all their

employees equally. However Susan Daniels, an employee at the

bank, recently filed a lawsuit against the company, claiming

that she was discriminated against. Which of the following, if

true, best justifies Susan's action?

A) The company did not give her preferential treatment even

though she was from the host country.

B) She was asked whether she was over eighteen during the

first round in the interview process.

C) Her colleagues expressed their dissatisfaction over their pay

and severance packages.

D) She had faced a similar situation of discrimination in her

previous company.

E) She was given the same incentives as her colleagues in spite

of performing better than them.

E) She was given the same incentives as her colleagues in spite of

performing better than them.

In a workplace, ________ involves overt threats or bullying

directed at members of specific groups of employees.

A) intimidation

B) risk aversion

C) inequity aversion

D) optimism bias

E) ambiguity aversion

A) intimidation

April's colleague Nathan has consistently pestered her to go out

on a date with him. Though she has refused his offer several

times, he keeps persisting. She found an envelope on her desk

from Nathan with inappropriate pictures and cartoons, which

left her infuriated. She now intends to go discuss the matter

with the human resource department of her company. Which

of the following forms of discrimination is April most likely to

cite?

A) sexual harassment

B) cyberstalking

C) mobbing

D) exclusion

E) electronic harassment

A) sexual harassment

Which of the following refers to a kind of discrimination which

refers to overt threats or bullying directed at members of

specific groups of employees?

A) intimidation

B) impact bias

C) inequity aversion

D) framing effect

E) benefaction

A) intimidation

Which of the following is the best example of the use of

intimidation?

A) Anya's boss, Kira, sets difficult targets and hints that Anya

may lose her job if she doesn't meet them.

B) Jill's manager, Steve, rarely considers her business ideas,

but he consistently praises the contributions of Jill's colleague,

Emily.

C) Natasha's colleagues often make jokes using cultural or

ethnic stereotypes.

D) Although Kathleen had spent a longer time in the

organization, her colleague Gary was promoted to a

management position.

E) Jane's colleagues recently forgot to invite her to a team

lunch, a fact that caused her great distress.

A) Anya's boss, Kira, sets difficult targets and hints that Anya

may lose her job if she doesn't meet them.

Hazel Samuels has been working at her company for the past

two years and consistently gets yelled at by her manager even

when she is not at fault. He often makes derogatory references

to her ethnicity. In addition, during team meetings, she is his

target for practical jokes and nasty pranks. She is extremely

upset and decides not to be subjected to such treatment any

longer. Which of the following kinds of discrimination is she

most likely to report to the human resource department in such

a situation?

A) intimidation

B) sexual harassment

C) hazing

D) mobbing

E) whistle-blowing

A) intimidation

Which of the following is the best example of mockery as a tool

of discriminatory treatment in organizations?

A) Rifka's supervisor often stereotypes Rifka because of her

ethnic heritage and makes jokes about her ethnicity.

B) Because she is considerably older than the rest of her team,

Hannah's colleagues often do not invite her to team lunches or

informal team get-togethers.

C) Joan's boss sets impossible targets and reprimands her in

front of her colleagues if she fails to complete them on time.

D) Sheena is the only African-American employee in her

department and often feels left out of office jokes and gossip.

E) Most of Leanne's co-workers are male and share

inappropriate jokes at the office.

A) Rifka's supervisor often stereotypes Rifka because of her

ethnic heritage and makes jokes about her ethnicity.

A person who is made fun of because he is an Arab-American is

being subjected to ________, a kind of discrimination in

work environments.

A) mockery

B) vandalism

C) cyberstalking

D) gaslighting

E) monomania

A) mockery

Stacy Hanes is an African- American woman who has recently

taken her first job and does not seem to like the work

environment at all. Her colleagues put down her ideas at team

meetings and refer to them as

fun of her race and often ask her if she is educated enough to

work for the company. Which of the following kinds of

discrimination is Hanes most likely subject to?

A) mockery

B) sexual harassment

C) stalking

D) deception

E) subterfuge

A) mockery

________, which may occur intentionally or unintentionally,

refers to keeping certain people in a work place away from job

opportunities, social events, discussions, or informal

mentoring.

A) Exclusion

B) Mockery

C) Stalking

D) Ragging

E) Bullying

A) Exclusion

Jill Ivey has been working as a sales executive at Orbit Bank for

the last two years. However, she has noticed that she is often

not given an opportunity to attend training programs that her

team members attend every quarter. She also is disappointed

about the fact that she never gets to handle corporate clients,

which provides better chances of a promotion. Which of the

following kinds of discrimination is she most likely to have

been subjected to?

A) exclusion

B) mockery

C) gaslighting

D) destabilization

E) mobbing

A) exclusion

Women being assigned marginal job roles that do not lead to

promotion is an example of the ________ form of

discrimination.

A) hazing

B) gaslighting

C) coercion

D) exclusion

E) battery

D) exclusion

Which of the following is true with respect to workplace

discrimination?

A) Discrimination occurs more at lower levels in the

organization than higher levels.

B) It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior.

C) Only intentional discrimination is addressed by diversity

management efforts.

D) Forms of discrimination like exclusion are easy to root out.

E) The discriminators are invariably aware of their action

toward the victim.

B) It may lead to reduced productivity and citizenship behavior.

Which of the following is true with respect to biographical

characteristics?

A) They are non-objective in nature and cannot be observed.

B) They represent characteristics such as personality and work

ethics.

C) They cannot be obtained from personnel records.

D) They are representative of surface-level diversity.

E) They comprise features such as motivation and commitment.

D) They are representative of surface-level diversity.

Which of the following explains why the relationship between

age and job performance is likely to be of increasing

importance during the next decade?

A) The workforce is shrinking, and older workers are

compelled to work beyond retirement.

B) A decline in immigration has opened up more entry-level

positions for older workers.

C) Increasing job opportunities are opening up in the domestic

sector, resulting in a dearth of employees.

D) U.S. legislation, in effect, outlaws mandatory retirement.

E) A majority of people believe that productivity rises as a

person grows older.

D) U.S. legislation, in effect, outlaws mandatory retirement.

Raylon Inc. is in the process of recruiting a new operations

manager. The human resources team has narrowed the

candidate list down to two candidates but cannot come to an

agreement about whom to hire. Though both candidates have

the relevant qualifications for the post, one will soon be 60

years old. The other candidate is in his early thirties. Rachel, a

member of the HR team, recommends hiring the older

candidate, citing his years of experience and leadership ability.

Tim, on the other hand, strongly recommends that the

company hire the younger candidate, as he is likely to be more

flexible when it comes to working. Which of the following, if

true, most strengthens Rachel's argument?

A) The job requires frequent travel around the company's six

factories located across the country.

B) Most of the employees the operations manager will be

supervising are under 30 years of age.

C) Research has shown that older workers are more prone to

absenteeism for health-related issues.

D) Almost half of the company's top managers are in the 45-65

age bracket.

E) The company recently instituted a new production system

that cuts waste by 30 percent.

B) Most of the employees the operations manager will be

supervising are under 30 years of age.