-
词
word
词素
morpheme
自由词素
free morpheme
粘附词素
bound morpheme
简单词
simple word
,
morpheme
word
(单词素词)
词根
root
派生词
derivative
屈折词缀
inflectional
affix
派生词缀
derivational affix
前缀
prefix
后缀
suffix
粘附词根
bound root
词素变体
allomorph
原始派生词
primitive derivative
复合词
compound word
compounding form
1
新古典复合词
neo-classical compound
复合连词
compound conjunction
封闭词类
closed class
开放词类
open class
功能词
function word
实义词
content word
调核
nuc
leus
(语调核心,
是一个调组中显示音调
< br>抑扬变化
(
降、升、降升
ˇ
p>
或升降^
)
的强重读音节。与调组
中其它音节相对而言
,
调核的音调最高
,
音幅最阔
,
动态变化
最大
,
因而是语流中听觉效果最显著的
音段。一个调组可以
没有调冠、调头或调尾
,
< br>但不能没有调核。
分析性语言
analytic language
强调词
emphasizer
并列连词
coordinator
近似并列连词
quasi-
coordinator
从属连词
subordinator
简单从属连词
simple subordinator
即单词从属连词
one-word subordinator
复杂从属连词
complex subordinator
关联从属连词
correlative subordinator
边际从属连词
marginal subordinator
关系词
relative word
副词性指代词
coreference pro-form
句子成分
members of
sentences
主语
subject
实义主语
notional subject
真主语
real subject
谓语
predicate
宾语
object
双宾语
dual object
直接宾语
direct
object
间接宾语
indirect
object
复合宾语
complex object
同源宾语
cognate
object
补语
complement
主补
subject
complement
宾补
object complement
表语
predicative
定语
attribute
同位语
appositive
状语
adverbial
补足成分
complementation
(如宾语,
补语,
状语等)
并列谓语<
/p>
compound
predicate
双重谓语
double predicate
操作词
operator
述谓成分
predication
2
动词
verb
主动词
main
verb
及物动词
transitive verb
不及物动词
intransitive verb
连系动词
linking
verb
助动词
auxiliary verb
基本助动词
primary auxiliary
情态助动词
modal auxiliary
半助动词
semi- auxiliary
情态动词
modal
verb
规则动词
regular verb
不规则动词
irregular
verb
短语动词
phrasal verb
限定动词
finite
verb
非限定动词
infinite verb
使役动词
causative
verb
感官动词
verb of senses
动态动词
dynamic
verb
静态动词
stative verb
感叹词
exclamation
单宾语及物动词
monotransitive verb
双宾语及物动词
ditransitive
verb
复杂宾语及物动词
complex transitive verb
实义动词
notional verb
单词动词
single-word verb
词组动词
phrasal verb
复合动词
compound verb
一致
agreement
,
concord
主谓一致
subject-pred
icate
(
verb
)
agreement
(
c
oncord
)
3
语法一致
grammatical agreement
(
concord
)
概念一致
notional agr
eement
(
concord
)
p>
就近原则
principle of proximity
名词
noun
专有名词
proper
noun
普通名词
common noun
可数名词
countable
noun
不可数名词
uncountable noun
抽象名词
abstract
noun
具体名词
concret moun
物质名词
material
noun
集体名词
collective noun
个体名词
individual
noun
简单名词
simple noun
复合名词
compound noun
派生名词
derivative noun
连词
conjunction
单位词
partitive
又叫单位名词
(
unit
noun
)
通性名词
noun of common gender
等级名词
gradable noun
词组
phrase
名词词组
noun phrase
动词词组
verb phrase
形容词词组
adjective phrase
副词词组
adverb phrase
介词词组
prepositional phrase
简单动词词组
simple verb phrase
4
复杂动词词组
complex verb phrase
限定动词词组
finite verb phrase
非限定动词词组
non-finite verb phrase
分句
clause
名词性分句
nominal clause
关系分句
relative clause
即定语从句
attributive
clause
先行项
antecedent
分裂句
cleft sentence
分裂句中心成分
focus element
,
focal element
存在句
existential
sentence
并列结构
coordinate construction
并列成分
coordinate element
独立分句
independent clause
从属分句
dependent/subordinate clause
简单分句
simple clause
复杂分句
complex clause
限定分句
finite clause
非限定分句
non-finite clause
无动词分句
verbless clause
主句
main clause
从句
subordinate
clause
分句成分
clause element
限定从属分句
finite
subordinate clause
限制性关系分句
restrictive relative clause
非限制性关系分句
non- restrictive relative clause
双重关系分句
double relative clause
嵌入式关系分句
embedded relative clause
数
number
5
单数
singular number
复数
plural number
规则复数
regular plural
不规则复数
irregular plural
确定数量
definite quantity
非确定数量
indefinite quantity
格
case
普通格(通格)
common
case
所有格
possessive case
主格
nominative
case
宾格
objective case
属格
genitive case
独立属格
independent genitive
双重属格
double genitive
句子
sentence
简单句
simple
sentence
并列句
compound sentence
复合句
complex
sentence
并列复合句
compound complex sentence
陈述句
declarative
sentence
,又叫
statement
疑问句
interrogative
sentence
又叫
question
一般疑问句
general
question
特殊疑问句
special question
选择疑问句
alternative
question
附加疑问句
tag question
反义疑问句
disjunctive
question
修辞疑问句
rhetorical question
感叹疑问句
exclamatory
question
6
存在句
existential
sentence
肯定句
positive sentence
否定句
negative
sentence
祈使句
imperative sentence
,又叫
command
省略句
elliptical
sentence
感叹句
exclamatory sentence
又叫
exclamation
是非问句
yes-no
queation
Wh-
问句
wh-question
附加问句
question
tag
基本句型
basic sentence patern
完全句
full sentence
不完全句
minor sentence
主动句
active sentence
被动句
passive sentence
条件句
conditional
含蓄条件句
implied conditional
真实条件句
real conditional
非真实条件句
unreal conditional
拖沓句
trailing sentence
排比结构
parallel construction
深层结构
deep structure
比较结构
comparative
construction
独立结构
absolute construction
从句
clause
从属句
subordinate
clause
并列句
coordinate clause
名词从句
nominal
clause
定语从句
attributive clause
状语从句
adverbial
clause
7
宾语从句
object
clause
主语从句
subject clause
同位语从句
appositive
clause
时间状语从句
adverbial clause of time
地点状语从句
adverbial
clause of place
方式状语从句
adverbial
clause of manner
让步状语从句
adverbial
clause of concession
原因状语从句
adverbial
clause of cause
结果状语从句
adverbial
clause of result
目的状语从句
adverbial
clause of purpose
条件状语从句
adverbial
clause of condition
真实条件状语从句
adverbial clause of real
condition
非真实条件状语从句
adverbial clause of unreal
condition
含蓄条件句
adverbial
clause of implied condition
错综条件句
adverbial clause of mixed
condition
句法关系
syntactic
relationship
并列
coordinate
从属
subordination
修饰
modification
前置修饰
pre-
modification
后置修饰
post-modification
限制
restriction
双重限制
double-
restriction
非限制
non-restriction
限定词
determiner
物主限定词
possessive determiner
指示限定词
demonstrative determiner
8