进阶英语综合教程3U6 Key to Exercises

Key to Exercises

Opener

Suggested answers for reference:

1.

It

certainly

looks

great, even

by

today's

standards.

It

was

completed

toward

the

end

of

the

19th century, more than a hundred years ago.

2. It took thirteen years to complete the bridge.

3. John and Washington Roebling, father and son, were two engineers who led a team of workers

to

build

the

Brooklyn

Bridge

when

all

other

engineers

thought

this

was

crazy.

But

soon

an

accident

on

the

site

killed

the

father

and

seriously

injured

the

son.

Due

to

brain

damage,

Washington could not speak and could only move one finger. With that finger he managed to

tap

his

instructions

to

his

wife

and

successfully

completed

the

project.

The

Brooklyn

Bridge

now stands as a tribute to Washington's determination in overcoming the difficulties arising

from his injury.

Transcript

In

1883,

an

engineer

named

John

Roebling

was

inspired

by

an

idea

to

build

a

bridge

connecting

New

York

with

the

Long

Island.

However

bridge

building

experts

throughout

the

world thought that this was impossible and told Roebling to forget the idea. It just could not be

done. It had never been done before.

Roebling could not ignore the vision he had in his mind of this bridge. He knew deep in his

heart

that

it

could

be

done.

He

just

had

to

share

the

dream

with

someone

else.

After

much

discussion and persuasion he managed to convince his son Washington, also an engineer, that

the bridge in fact could be built.

The

father

and

son

developed

concepts

of

how

it

could

be

accomplished

and

how

the

obstacles could be overcome. They hired workers and began to build their dream bridge.

The project started well, but soon a tragic accident on the site took the life of John Roebling.

Washington was also injured and suffered from some brain damage, which resulted in him not

being able to talk or walk.

Washington was never discouraged and his mind was still as sharp as ever. But because of

1

his injury, all he could do with his hands was move one finger. He decided to make the best use of

it, and slowly he developed a way to communicate with his wife.

He touched his wife's arm with that finger, indicating to her that he wanted her to call the

engineers

again.

Then

he

used

the

same

method

to

tell

the

engineers

what

to

do.

It

seemed

foolish but the project was under way again.

For 13 years Washington tapped out his instructions with his finger on his wife's arm, until

the bridge was finally completed. Today the Brooklyn Bridge stands in all its glory as a tribute to

the triumph of one man's determination not to be defeated by circumstances. It is also a tribute

to the engineers and their team work, and to their faith in a man who was considered mad by

half the world.

Reading & Interacting

I. Understanding the Text

1.

Text Organization

When

What happened

The result

Farmer

Tennant

found

his

cattle

began

to

fall

sick

and

then

died

one

after

From

the

another after a DuPont's landfill started

early

1980s

operating

nearby.

Having

failed

to

get

to

about

any help locally, he had to turn to lawyer

August

Bilott and filed a federal suit against the

2000

company.

The

lawyer

did

a

superb

job

by

digging

up

ironclad

evidence

and

helped the farmer win the case finally.

Tennant's

story

The

case

was

settled

out

of court. The Tennants got

compensation.

Bilott

received

a

contingency

fee.

?

Bilott

worked

hard

and

succeeded

in

finding

evidence

to

prove

that

DuPont

dumped

toxic

chemicals

in

violation

of

law.

After

the

settlement

of

the

?

Tennant's suit, he moved on to his fight

against the chemical giant singlehanded

to

regulate

PFOA

and

protect

the

local

environment

and

the

people

living

there.

It

seems

it

will

take

a

long

time;

yet he keeps fighting on.

Bilott's

story

From

the

day

he

began

to

handle

the

Tennant

case till now

In

2005,

DuPont

eached

a

$$16.5

million

settlement

with the E.P

.A.

However

the

large

number

of

PFOA

lawsuits

against

DuPont

filed

by

those

whose

water

was

tainted

by

PFOA

will

continue

for

many years to come.

2

2. Comprehension Check

2.1 Digging into detail

1.

Because

Bilottt

used

to

be

a

corporate

defense

lawyer

and

his

specialty

was

defending

chemical companies.

2. Tennant told Bilott that he and his siblings were cattle farmers. In the '80s, his brother Jim sold

a plot to DuPont and the company used it as a landfill for waste from a nearby factory. The

Tennants' cattle started to act deranged ever since. And now they were seen dying here and

there on the farm.

3. He found a letter DuPont had sent to the E.P

.A. which mentioned a chemical called PFOA.

4. DuPont, acting against the recommendation of 3M, the manufacturer of PFOA, flushed PFOA

powder into the river through the outfall pipes of its factory. Even worse, it continued to do so

after it became aware that PFOA caused cancerous tumors in lab animals.

5. Thanks to the efforts of Bilott, the E.P

.A became aware of PFOA's toxicity. It accused DuPont of

violating the Toxic Substances Control Act and made the latter pay 16.5 million in settlement.

After that DuPont stopped producing and using PFOA.

2.2 Understanding difficult sentences

1. B

2. B

3. A

4. B

5. B

II. Focusing on Language in Context

1. Key Words & Expressions

1.1

1)

The

annual report

of

the

company

is

too

brief.

It

fails

to

disclose

information

that

investors

expected to know.

2) The parties of the lawsuit reached a settlement out of court. That saved them the trouble of

going to trial.

3) Food supplies in that region are inadequate and people there often go hungry.

4) The lawyer said to his client:

3

Ministry of Construction for approval.

5)

Brian

went

to

see

Jane

and

asked

the

latter

whether

she

remained

optimistic

about

the

negotiations.

6) Do you recall, Mrs. Glavis, whether she screamed long, or whether it was brief?

7) I slipped on the ice and got badly bruised, which made it hard for me even to stagger home.

8) Her parents could not afford to send her to college. But they nevertheless brought her up with

a healthy respect for books.

9)

The

library

was

named

after

a

famous

journalist

who

was

killed

for

reporting

a

money-laundering case.

10) The powers of both the federal and state governments in the US are limited.

11) Tom was accused of cheating in the exam, but he denied any wrongdoing.

12) The company had a manufacturing site near the village, which flushed its waste directly into

the river in violation of the environment protection law.

13)

It

was

Thomas

Jefferson

who

drafted

the

Declaration

of

Independence

，

one

of

the

most

important historic documents related to the founding of the United States.

14)

Politicians

are

people

who

often

say

what

the

public

want

to

hear.

It

would

be

foolish

to

classify them according to what they say.

15)

I

stumbled

upon

a

precious

book

in

a

used-book

store.

It

became

an

important

source

of

reference for my thesis.

1.2

1. Reach out to

2. conceal

3. As of

4. was abandoned

5. 50 students in all

6. dispose of

7. plot

8. not for profit

1.3

1.

At

the

meeting,

I

was

given

a

few

minutes

to

speak

on

behalf

of

all

my

classmates,

during

which I expressed our thanks to the teachers.

2. The statue of Nelson Mandela in Johannesburg, South Africa, was commissioned in 2002 and

completed in 2004.

4