-
常用前缀的小结
(2010-11-16
15:51:35)
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教育
“
p>
a-
”
:①古英语前置词
< br>on
的缩写形式,含义为“在?之上”
,
“在?之中”
,
“进入到?”
,
“到?”
,
构成一个谓语或状语成分
:
aside
等;
②古英语前置词
p>
of
的缩写形式:
afresh; ane
w
等;③少数情况下不指动作的全过程,只涉及其终结:
abi
de
(by)
等;④
ab
的异体字,用在
字母
p
和
v
之前。
“
a
b
”含义为“从,离开”
,含义相当于
off
:
absent;
abstr
act
;⑤
ad
的异
< br>体字,亦作
a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, an-,
ap, ar-, as-, at-
等。通常有“向;增加,增长”的含义,相
当于
off
:
abs
ent;
abstract
。需要和介词构成搭配;⑥
an
的异体字,通常有“无,缺少”的
含义:
anecdote
等。
p>
“
be-
”
:含义
为“附近,到处,周围”
,有强调的意味,也常有轻蔑,贬低的意味。常用使
不及物动词、名词、形容词等变为及物动词。
“
b
i, by
”为其非强调形式。
“
p>
com-
”
:表示“与”
< br>,
“共”
,
“合”
,
“全”
,
“完整”
,
“相关”等,有
co-, con-,
col-, cor-
等变
体形式。
p>
“
contra-
”
:①“反对”
,
“相反”
,
“针对”
:
contrast
< br>等;②“低”
,
“下”
。
“
counter-
”
:①“反对”
,
“相反”<
/p>
,
“针对”
,
“
面对”
,
“响应”等;②“补充”
,<
/p>
“对应”
,
“类
似”
,
“报答”等;③“替代”
,
p>
“副本”等。
“
de-
”
:①“否定”
,
“取消”
,
“相反”
,
“颠倒”
:
decentralize
;②“向下”
,
“下降”
:
decline
;
③“离开,脱离”
(
di-,dis-
为变体形式)
p>
:
derail, detrain
;④“
完全地(加强语气)
”
(
dia
为变
体形式)
:
de
funt,
denude
等;⑤
<
/p>
异体字“
di
”含义为“经过”
,
“在?之间”
,
“越
过”
,
“属
于”
。
“
di-
”
:①“二”
;②异体字“
dia
”
,
“彻底”
,
p>
“完全的”
;③异体字“
dia
”含义为“经过”
,
“在?之间”
,
“越过”
,
“属于”
。
“
dis
-
”
:①否定或相反的含义(见
de-
,
un-
)
;②“除去的”
,
“分开的”
,
“离开
”
;③存在变
体“
bi
”
:
“完全地”
;④
变体“
di
”近似“
bi
”
,含义为“二”
。
“
en-
”
:
该前缀存在
“
em-
”
等变体。
①
“在里面”
,
“进入”
p>
,
“放进”
,
“放
在?上面”
;
②
“使”
,
“使成为”
,
“使处于?状
态”
;③加在动词的前面,使它们成为及物动词;如果本身就是及
物动词,则赋予它们及物的符号。
“
p>
epi-
”
:①“在?上面”
,
“在?之上”
;②“在?旁”
,
“在?附近”
;③“在?之前”
,
“在?
之后”
。
“
ex-
”
:
该前缀存在“
e-
”
,
“
ec-
”
,
“
ef-
”
,
“
el-
”
,
“
em-
”
,
“
is-
”等变体。①“出自”
,
“从”
;
②有时还有相反或否定的
含义;③该前缀含有“全部地”
,
“彻底地”的含义。
“
fore-
”
:①“前”
,
“先”
,
“预”
;②前部的;
(位
置)在上的;③变体为“
for-
”
:
“离去”
,
“极度”
< br>,
“过度”
,
“不当”
。
“
in-
”
:①
(有变体
en-; em-; im-; ir-
等)与动词结合,起及物与强调作用;
②(有变体
ig-; il-;
im-;
ir-
等)具有反义和否定的作用,可以自由地和英语单词结合构成新词,尤其可与英语
的
形容词及其派生词、名词结合。
“
p>
inter-
”
:含义主要有:
“在?之间”
,
“在?之中”
,
“相互地”
,
“在一起”
。
“
int
ra-
”
:含义主要有:
“在内”
p>
,
“进入”
,
“向
内”
。
“
met
a-
”
:含义主要有:
“继?后”
p>
,
“带有”
,
“同
?一道”
,
“超过”
,
“在?中间”
,
“位于?
后”
等。其他前缀“
ortho-
”以及“
para-
”有类似的用法。
“
p>
mis-
”
:①单纯的否定;②“坏”
p>
,
“误”
,
“错误
”
,
“不正确的”等。
p>
“
non-
”
:通
常起到单纯的否定作用。
“
ob-
”
:变体形式为“
o-
”
,
“
oc-
”
,
“
of-
”
,
“
op-
”等。①含义为“向”
,
“到”
,
“在?上面”
,
“在?上空”
p>
,
“对?”等;②现在用来表达“逆”
,<
/p>
“反”
,
“非”
,
“倒”等。
“
p>
out-
”
:出现于各种意义的复合词中,
亦可构成许多及物动词,表示在某种指明的行动中
的超出、超越或胜出。
“
over-
”
:出现于各种意义的复合词中,尤用于下列含义:
“超过界
限”
,
“过度”
,
“过分”
,
“太”
,以构成动词、
形容词、副词和名词。
“
par
a-
”
:①含义为“旁”
;有时还有“
附近”
,
“超越”
,
< br>“侧面”
,
“偏差”等含义;②含义
为“保护”
,
“防护”
,
“防止”
,
“为防止?而作好战斗的准备;避开
?(危险)
”等。
“
p>
per-
”
:变体为“
pol-
”
。①“通过”
,
“彻底地”
,
“完全”
,
“十分”等;②“高”
,
“过”等
。
“
peri-
”
:含义为“大约”
,
“附近”
p>
,
“周围”
,
“超
过”等。
“
pos
t-
”
:含义为“后?”
,
“次?”等。
“
pre
-
”
:①含义为“在前?”
;②“在?
之前”
,
“早的”
,
< br>“预先的”
,
“在前的”以及其他的
比喻用法。
“
pro
-
”
:变体形式为“
pur-; po
r-
”
。①含义为“亲”
,
“赞成”
,
“偏袒”
,为
“
anti-
”的对立面;
②表示“在
空间或时间上优先”
,尤其包含“向前进,向前或向外突出”等;③常加在不用
作词的词干前面。
“
re-
”
:①“回复,回报,相互”
:
repay, restore, react, revenge
;
②“又,再,重新,反复”
:
remarry,
reappear, retell
;
③
“反对,
对立”
:
rebel,
repel, resist
;
④
“在
后,
往后”
:
recall,
remain,
repent, retard, revert
;
⑤
“退隐,
隐秘”
:
recluse, reticence
;
⑥
“离开,
放掉,
去
,
下”
:
resign,
repress
等。
p>
“
se-
”
:含义
主要有:
“离去”
,
“离开”
,
“往侧面移动,离开”
。
“
sub-
”
:变体形式有“
su-
”
,
“
suc-
”
,
“
suf-
”
,
“
sug-
”
,
p>
“
sum-
”
,<
/p>
“
sup-
”
,
“
sur-
”
,
“
sus-
”等。
< br>①“在?下面”
,
“在?下方”等;②“轻微地”
,
“不完整”
,
“近
乎”等;③“次要的”
,
“次
要的”<
/p>
,
“附属的”
。
p>
“
super-
”
:变体形式为“
sur-
”等。①“上”
,
“超”等;②“上面”
,
“超出”
,
“另外”
,
“过
度”等。
“
p>
syn-
”
:①“与”
,
“共”
,
“同”
,
“合”等;②“同时”等;③“相同”
,
“相像”
,
“相似”
等。
“
trans-
”
:
①
“横过”
< br>,
“穿过”
,
“超越”
,
“贯通”
,
“通过”
,
“切地改变”
,
“横断”
等;
②
“切”
等。
“
un-
”
:①“不”
,
“非”
,
“未”等;②构成动词的前缀,在英语中用法自由,
表示相反的动
作或状态,或去除,剥夺或解脱。
p>
“
under-
”
:前缀定语性用法,表示:①(地点或位置)
“在?下”
,
p>
“低于”等;②(级别或
地位)
“次于”<
/p>
,
“低于”
;③(程度,范围或数量)<
/p>
“低于”
,
“少于”或“不足”等。
p>
“
with-
”
:①“往回,离去”
:
withd
raw
;②“反对,对抗”
:
with
hold, withstand
。
特别提示】
在英语语言历史演变的过程中,
单词的词形和词义都
会发生或多或少的变化,
但
是“万变不离其宗”
。词根、词缀是构成英语单词的元素,了解、牢记和把握这些元素,可
以牢固地
掌握单词的意义,
达到事半功倍的学习效果。
对于应试的读者,
词根在篇章中所起
到的一致性和连贯性的作用更是非同小可。<
/p>
本词根表中,
出现的词汇仅仅为考试大纲词汇表
< br>所要求的,但是如果掌握好这些词根,也同样为将来的学习打下了坚实的基础。
p>
“
-acer-/-egr-
”
: sour; sharp
(酸;锋利)→
acid; acute;
acrimony; eager; vinegar
“<
/p>
-act-/-ag-
”
: do;
perform; drive
(做;
行为;
< br>冲)
→
act; action; actor;
activate; activity; agency;
agent;
agenda; agitate; essay; exact; interact; react;
transaction; activist*; agile*
“
-aer-/-air-
”
: air; mist
(
空气)
→<
/p>
aerial; aeroplane; airplane; aerobics;
air; aircraft; airline; airport
“
-aesm-/-aesti-
”
: estimate;
value
(估计)→
aim; estimate;
esteem
“
-agri-/-
ager-
”
: field;
land
(田野;地)→
agriculture;
agrarian; pilgrim
“
< br>-add-/-dere-/-agger-
”
:
heap; put
(堆积;放置)→
add;
additional; addition; exaggerate
“
-agon-
”
:
struggle; anguish
(痛苦)→
agony
“
-aisl-/-isle-
p>
”
:
wing
(翼)→
aisle
p>
“
-ali-/-alt-/-el-
”<
/p>
: foreign; other;
(change)
(外;其他;变化)→
alien;
alter; alternate; altruism;
else;
elsewhere; unalienable*; adulterate*
<
/p>
“
-alti-/-alto-
”
: high;
top
(高;提高)→
altitude; alto;
enhance; old
“
-a
m-/-ama-/-ami-
”
:
love
(爱)→
amateur; amiable;
enemy
“
-ambi-
”
: going
around
(走动)→
ambassador;
ambiguous; ambition; ambulance; amble
“
-amplus-
”
: spacious
(大;宽敞)→
ample;
amplify; amplifier
“
-anima-
”
: life; breath;
mind
(生命)→
animal; animate;
unanimous; animate*
“
-ann-
”
:
years
(年)→
anniversary; annual
“
-ante-/-ant-/-a
nti-
”
:
before
(前;之前)→
anticipate
“
-apt-/-ept-
”
: fit; fitted; suitable;
fasten
(适当;紧)→
apt; adapt;
adaptation; inept
“
< br>-arc-
”
:
bow
(弓)→
arch
“
-archi-
”
:
chief
(主要)→
architect;
architecture
“
-a
rm-
”
:
weapon
(武器)→
arm; alarm
“
-art-/-arti-/-e
rt-
”
:
craftsmanship
(艺术;技艺)→
art;
artist; artificial; inertia
“
-aster-/-astr-
”
: stars
(星星)→
astronaut;
disaster; disastrous
“
-atmo-
”
:
vapor
(气)→
atmosphere
“
-auc-/-aug-/-au
th-
”
: increase; growth
(增加)
→
auction; augment;
author; authority; auxiliary
“
-aud-/-aur-/-edi-
”
: hear; hearing; ear
(
听)<
/p>
→
audience; audit; aural;
obedience; obedient; obey
“
-auto-/-auth-
”
:
self; genuine
(自己;
真正的)
→
authentic; automate; automobile;
automatic;
automation
“
-avan-/-aban-/-ante-
”
: set out
before
(前)→
advance; advanced;
advantage; disadvantage;
vantage
“
-avia-
”
:
bird
(鸟)→
aviation
“
-balk-/-balc-
”
p>
: beam;
ridge
(横梁;阻碍)→
balcony
“
-ball-/-bull-/-
bu-/-bow-/-pill-
”
: dance;
globe
(球;圆)→
ball; ballet;
balloon; bowl; bowling;
bubble; bulb;
bull; bullet; bulletin; bully; pill
p>
“
-band-/-bend-/-bond-/-bind-/-
bunc-
”
: join; combine (limit
)
(结合;
限制)
→
< br>abandon; ban; band;
bandage; bend;
bind; bond; binding; bound; boundary; bunch*;
bondage*
“
-bank-
/-bench-/-banqu-
”
: bench
(长凳
“过去为金融交易的地方”
)
→
bank; bankrupt; bench;
banquet; bench
“
-bar-
”
: stick;
rod
(长木条)→
bar; barrel;
embarrassment
“
-
bas-/-bass-
”
: of low height;
pedestal
(基础)→
base; baseball;
basic; basis; database
“
-bat-/-bar-/-bell-
”
:
club; hit
(木棍;打击)→
bar;
barrel; barrier; bat; battery; battle; combat;
debate; batter*; belligerent*; abate*;
baton*; billiard*; rebuke*
“
-bene-/-bon-
”
:
good
(好;善)→
benefit;
beneficial; bonus
“
< br>-bi-/-bin-/-bo-
”
: two;
twice
(二;两;双)→
binary;
balance; bicycle; billion; biscuit; both;
combination; combine
“
-biblio-
”
:
books
(书)→
Bible; bibliography
“
-bill-/-bull-
p>
”
: seal; document;
boss
(玉玺;印章)→
bill; bulletin;
bull; bully
“
-bi
o-/-bi-
”
:
life
(生命)→
biography; aerobics
“
-blam-/-blasm-<
/p>
”
:
blaspheme
(亵渎)→
blame;
blaspheme*
“
-bra
c-
”
:
arms
(双臂)→
brace; bracket;
brake; embrace
“
-bread-/-breed-/-brib-
”
:
crumb; morsel
(面包)→
bread;
breed; bribe; bribery
“
-break-/-breach-/-brick-
”
: break
(打破)→
break;
breach; brick; brisk
“
-brev-/-brief-
”
:
short
(短;简)→
brief; brevity
“
-bri-/-brill-
p>
”
:
shine
(闪耀)→
bright; brighten;
brilliant
“
-cal-
/-car-/-char-
”
:
heat
(热量)→
calm; calorie;
carbon; charcoal; coal
“
-camp-/-champ-
”
:
field; plain; battlefield
(战场;
田地)
→
camp; campus; campaign;
champion
“
-can-/
-chan-/-cap-/-cat-/-chief-
”
:
①
small vessel; tube;
②
head; chief
(小容器;
管
/
头;首)
→
achieve;
cabbage;
can;
canal;
candy;
canoe;
cannon;
cap;
cape;
capital;
capitalism;
captain;
cattle; chapter;
cheek; chef; chief; choke; escape; channel; *cane;
canyon*; cunning*; uncanny*
“
-cap-/-cab-/-cip-/-cas-/-cach-/-chas-
/-ceiv-/-cept-/-ceit-/-cup-
”
:
take;
catch;
seize;
realize;
contain; hold
(拿;
抓
;
捕;
握)
→
anticipate; accept; capture; captivity; cable;
capable; capacity;
capsule; captive;
captivity*; case; cash; cashier; cassette; catch;
cater; chase; conceive; concept;
conception;
cop;
copy;
deceive;
deceit;
except;
exception;
occupation;
occupy;
participate;
perceive;
prince;
receipt;
receive;
reception;
recipe;
reciprocal;
recover;
recovery;
susceptible;
capricious*;
capsize*;
conceit*;
recuperate*;
apperceive*;
caption*;
covert*;
disciple*;
encapsulate*; precept*; preoccupy*;
receptacle*
“
-ca
r-/-char-
”
: cart; carry;
wagon; load
(
车;
载)<
/p>
→
car; career; cargo;
carpenter; carriage; carrier;
carry;
cart; charge
“
-c
ard-/-chart-
”
:
paper
(纸)→
card; chart;
charter
“
-cav-
p>
”
: cave;
hollow
(洞穴)→
cave; cavity*;
concave*
“
-ceal-
/-cel-/-cul-
”
:
hide
(躲藏)→
conceal; occult*
“
-cel-/-cell-/-c
eler-
”
: rise up; swift; high
(升高;
快速)
→
excel; excellent; accelerate; decelerate;
culminate*
“
-cent-/-cens-/-chant-
”①
: sing; song; chant
(歌唱)
→
accent;
charm; chorus; incentive; cant*;
enchant*
“
-cent-
”②
: a hundred;
hundredth
(百;百分之一)→
cent;
centigrade; century; centimeter
“
-cent-/centr-
”③
: center
(中心)→
center;
central; concentrate; eccentric
“
-cern-
”
:
mingle with;
mix
(混合)→
concern; discern;
discreet; decree*
“
< br>-cerp-/-carp-
”
: select;
pluck
(选择)→
excerpt; scarce;
scarcely
“
-cert-
”
:
①
certain;
②
strive;
work
(确证
/
争取)→
as
certain;
certain;
certainly;
certainty;
concert;
uncertainty; certificate; certify; decertify*
“
-cess-/-ceed-/-
ced-/-ces-
”
: move; go
(行,
走,
动)
→
access; ancestor; cease; cheese; concede;
concession; exceed; exceedingly;
excess; precede; precedent; preceding;
predecessor; procedure;
proceed;
proceedings;
process;
procession;
recede;
succeed;
success;
successful;
succession;
successive; successor; incessant*;
deceased*
“
-chai
-/-cait-
”
: chain;
link
(联系)→
chain
<
/p>
“
-chiev-/-chef-/-chief-
”
: head;
conclusion
(头,首)→
achieve;
chef; chief; mischief
“
-cid-/-cad-/-cas-/chans-
”
: fall
(
下降;
降落;
天意)
→
accident;
case; casual; casualty; chance;
cheat;
coincide;
coincidence;
decay;
incidence;
incident;
incidentally;
occasion;
occasionally;
recidivism*; decadent*
“
-circ-/-cycle-
”
: round; ring
(圆;环)→
bicycle; circle;
circuit; circular; circulate; circumstance;
circus; cycle; cylinder; recycle;
search
“
-cis/-ci
d-
”
: cut
(
< br>剪,
砍,
剁)
→
cement; concise; decide; decision; precise;
precisely; precision;
scissors; suicide
“
-cit-/-civ-
”①
:
citizen
(公民)→
citizen; city;
civil; civilian; civilize; civilization
“
-cite-/-cit-
”
②
: rouse; summon;
excite; stimulate
(
唤;
< br>召;
激)
→
cite;
excite; excitement; exciting;
recite;
entice*
“
-claim-
/-clam-
”
: shout; call; appea
l
(
呼,
唤,
争)
→
acclaim; claim; exclaim;
proclaim; reclaim;
declaim*
“
-clar-/-clear-
”<
/p>
:
clear
(清楚,清晰)→
clarity; clear;
declare; declaration
“
-class-
”
: rank;
fleet
(队,级)→
class; classify;
classified; classification
“
-clim-/-climb-
”
:
ladder
(梯)→
climax; climb
“
-clim-/-clin-
p>
”
: incline; tend;
bend
(倾,弯)→
climate; climax;
decline; incline
“
-clud-/-claus-/-clos-
”
:
close; shut
(
关,
闭,<
/p>
合)
→
clause; close;
conclude; conclusion; disclose;
enclose; enclosure; exclude; exclusive;
include; inclusive; preclude; secluded*
“
-cogn-/-quain-/
-gnos-/-know-/-gnor-/-gna-
”
:
to
know
perfectly
(认知)→
acquaintance;
cognitive;
acknowledge;
diagnosis;
ignorance;
ignorant;
ignore;
know;
knowledge;
narrative;
noble; notice;
noticeable; notify; notion; notorious;
recognition; recognize; cognition*; quaint*
“
-colo-/-cole-/-
cult-
”
: farm; settlement;
cultivate; inhabit
(
殖,
植)
→
agriculture; colony;
colonial;
culture; cultivate; cult*
“
-commo-/-commu-
”
:
general;
universal;
share
(
共,普,享)→
common;
communicate;
communication; community
p>
“
-contra-/-counter-
”
: against; opposite
(
反对,
对抗)
→
contra
diction; contrary; contrast; country
<
/p>
“
-cord-/-cor-/-cour-
”
: heart; gut
(心,
内脏)
→
accord; cord; cordial;
core; courage; discourage;
encourage;
record; recorder
“
-coupl-/-cop-
”
: birth;
pair
(结子;连接)→
couple
“
-corp-/-corpus-
”
:
body
(身体)→
corporate;
corporation; incorporate
“<
/p>
-cosm-/-kosm-
”
:
universe; order;
world
(宇宙,世界)→
cosmic
“
-count-
< br>”
: count; calculate; compute
< br>(
计,
算,
数)
→
account; accountant; count;
counter; county;
discount
<
/p>
“
-coup-/-cop-
”
: cut; to
strike
(剪,击)→
coupon
“
-cours-/-cor-/-
cur-
”
:
run;
flow
(跑,流)→
corridor;
course;
current;
currency;
curriculum;
discourse; excursion; hurry; incur;
intercourse; occur; occurrence; recur; recourse*
“
-covr-/-cover-<
/p>
”
: cover
over
(覆盖)→
cover; discover;
uncover
“
-creat-
”
: make;
produce
(产生;创造)→
create;
creation; creativity; creature; creationism;
recreate
“
-cred-
”
: credit; faith<
/p>
(
相信)
→
cr
edential; credit; discredit; credible; credulous;
grant; incredible;
creed*
<
/p>
“
-cres-/-creas-/-cruit-
”
: grow
(增加,
增
长)
→
concrete; crew; decrease;
increase; increasingly;
recruit;
crescent*
“
-crim
-
”
: verdict;
accusation
(裁决,判决;指控)→
crime;
criminal; criminologist*
“<
/p>
-crimin-/-cris-/-crit-/-cros-/-crux-
”
:
①
cross;
②
divide; decide; able to dis
cern
(十字形;
分开,
区分)→<
/p>
cross; crucial; cruise; // crisis;
criteria; discriminate; discrimination; crusade*
“
-crop-
”
: sprout;
craw
(萌芽;芽)→
crop; cruise
“
-crud-/-crud-/-
crue-
”
: press; hurry
< br>(血腥,
粗糙;
敦促;
急迫)<
/p>
→
crude; cruel; cruelty; crowd
“
-cuit-/-cuis-
p>
”
:
cook
(烹饪)→
biscuit
“
-cum(u)-/-cil-
”<
/p>
: heap
up
(堆积)→
accumulate; council;
coil; cull*
“
-cu
r-/-car-/-cher-
”
: care; dear
(
关心;
珍爱)
→
accurate; accuracy; care; careful;
caress; charity;
cherish; cure;
curious; secure; security; charity*; precarious*
“
-cus-/-curs-
”
:
curse
(诅咒)→
accuse; curse;
excuse
“
-damn-/-
demn-/-temn-
”
:
damn
(谴责)→
condemn; contempt;
damage; damn; danger
“
-day-/-dai-
”
:
day
(日;天)→
dial; daily; day;
diary
“
-dec-/-de
ci-
”
:
ten
(十)→
dean; decade;
December; decimal
“
< br>-dece-/-deco-
”
:
ornament
(教堂装饰)→
decent;
decorate
“
-demo-
”
: people;
folk
(民;民众)→
democracy;
democratic; epidemic; demography*
“
-dense-
”
:
thick
(厚;浓)→
condense; dense;
density
“
-deteri
or-
”
:
worse
(更糟糕)→
deteriorate
“
-di-/-du-/-doub
-/-dub-
”
: two
(二,<
/p>
两,
双;
怀疑,
可疑)
→
dilemma; double;
dubious; duplicate;
dual*; doubt;
doubtful; undoubtedly
“
-di
c-
”
:
fix
(固定;决定)→
addict
“
-dic-/-diti-/-d
ex-/-doc-/-dox-
”
:
①
speak;
②
teach; show;
belief
(说;教,信仰)→
condition;
contradict;
contradiction;
contradictory;
dedicate;
dictate;
dictation;
discipline;
index;
indicate;
indication;
predict;
verdict;
//doctor;
doctrine;
document;
orthodox;
paradox;
indict*;
jurisdiction*; docile*; dogma*
“
-digni-/-divi-/
-divu-/-dei-
”
: god; worth; m
erit
(神;
价值,
优点)
→
divine; dignity; indignity*;
disdain*
“
-domai-/-domi-
”
:
lord
(贵族;封地)→
domain;
dome;
domestic;
dominant;
dominate;
domineering*; dauntless*
p>
“
-dorm-/-diz-/-doz-/-daz-
”
: sleep; quiet; lull;
weak
(睡眠;眩目;安静)→
dazzle;
dizzy; doze;
dormant; dormitory; daze*
“
-dot-/-dote-/-d
on-/-dat-/-dos-/-dit-
”
:
give; grant
(
给予;
授予
)
→
anecdote; donate; dote;
data;
date;
dose;
dosage;
edit;
editor;
edition;
editorial;
endow;
pardon;
render;
tradition;
treason;
update; up-to-date
< br>“
-drain-/-dry-/-drou-
”
: dry
(干燥)→
drain;
draught; dry; drought; drug; draw; dredge*
“
-dram-/-dras-
p>
”
: do;
perform
(做;履行)→
drama;
dramatically; drastic
“
-dress-
”
: direct;
straight;
arrange
(直接;安排)→
address;
dress
“
-drift-/-
drive-
”
:
float
(漂移)→
drift
“
-duc-/-duct-/-doc-
”
:
lead
(领,导)→
conduce; conduct;
deduce; dock; educate; education;
induce;
introduce;
introduction;
produce;
product;
production;
productivity; reduce;
reduction;
reproduce;
seduce*
“
-due-/-
dev-/-deb-
”
:
owe
(欠)→
debt; due; duty;
endeavor; undue; unduly*; dues*
“
-dur-/-duur-
”
: last; harden
(延续;
艰辛)
→
door; durable; duration; during;
endurance; endure;
indulge
“
-dare-/-durr-/-turr-
”
: venture;
dare
(冒险)→
dare
p>
“
-ease-/-aise-
”
: comfort; to
relieve
(安逸;减轻)→
disease;
ease; easy; uneasy
“
-eco-
”
:
life;
environment;
money
(生命;环境;金钱)→
ecology;
economic;
economical;
economics; economy
< br>“
-equa-
”
: to
equal;
level
(平等;等同)→
adequate;
equal; equality; equation; equivalent
“
-ern-
”
: energetic;
activity
(能量;活动)→
earnest;
energy
“
-err-
”
: wanderer; to
err
(偏移;过错)→
erroneous; error
“
-esse-/-ens-/-e
sse-/-est-
”
: to exist; to
be
(存在)→
absent; absence;
entity; essence; interest;
presence;
present; presently; represent; representative
“
-eston-/-stun-<
/p>
”
: strike with
thunder
(打击;惊异)→
astonish;
pierce
“
-et-/-ea
t-/-ed-
”
:
eat
(吃)→
eat; eatable; edible
“
-ethn-/-ethno-<
/p>
”
: nation;
race
(民族;种族)→
ethnic
“
-exam-/-exem-
p>
”
: weigh; take
out
(掂量;取样)→
exam;
examination; example; sample
“
-exo-/-ext-
”
:
outside
(在外)→
exotic;
exterior; external; extra; extreme
“
-fabr-/-forg-
”
: workshop; craftsman
(制作;工艺)→
fabric;
fabricate; forge
“
-face-/-fac-/-fect-/-fic-/-fy/-feas-/-fair-/-fea t-
”
:
to do; to make; // easy; facile
< br>(做,作,制;
容易)→
affair;
affect; benefit; beneficial; to certificate;
defeat; defect; deficient; effect; effective;
efficiency;
efficient;
exemplify;
face;
fact;
factor;
factory;
fashion;
fashionable;
feasible;
feat;
feature;
fiction;
infect;
infection;
office;
officer;
official;
perfect;
perfection;
proficiency;
profit;
profitable; suffice; sufficient;
superficial; surface; faction*; // difficult;
difficulty; facilitate; facility;
faculty; facet*; prefecture*;
profiteering*
“
-
fail-/-fal-/-faut-
”
: to
disappoint; deceitful
(
失误,
失望;
欺骗)
→
fa
il; failure; fall; false; fault;
fell
“
-faint-/-faind-
”
: sluggish; feigned;
idle
(闲游)→
faint
<
/p>
“
-fari-/-fame-/-fate-/-face-/
fabu-/-phec-/-fess-/-fit-
”
:
speak; narrative
(说,
讲,
谈)
→
confess;
confession;
fable;
fabulous;
fame;
famous;
fate;
fatal;
infant;
preface;
profess;
profession;
professor;
professional; prophet; fabulous* fudge*
“
-fasc-
”
: bewitch; charm; an
enchantment
(着迷)→
fascinate
“
-fav-
”
: protect; show kindness
to
(庇护;善意)→
favor; favorite;
favorite
“
-feb-<
/p>
”
: weep; to be
lamented
(哀泣)→
feeble
“
-fend-/-fence-/
-fens-
”
: protect; shield; st
rike
(
保护)
→
< br>defend; fence offence; offend; offensive
“
-fer-/-far-/-fe
rt-/-ford-
”
:
bring;
take;
carry;
to
bear
p>
(birth)
(带,拿,载,承担)→
a
fford;
affordable*;
confer;
conference;
cf;
differ;
different;
difference;
differentiate;
ferry;
fertile;
indifferent;
infer;
inference;
metaphor;
offer;
prefer;
preferable;
preference;
refer;
reference;
suffer; transfer; translate;
deferential*
“
-f
eri-/-feru-
”
: low;
below
(漂移)→
inferior
“
-fid-/-fait-/-f
ed-/-fy-
”
: trust; confidence
(信任,
相信)
→
confide; confident; confidence; defy;
defiance; faith; faithful; federal;
federation; diffident*
“
-fier-/-feru-
”
:
wild; savage
(野蛮)→
fierce
“
-fil-
”
: son,
brother
(儿子,兄弟)→
affiliate
“
-fin-
”
: end; limit
(端点;
限制)
→
confine; confinement;
define; definite; definition; definitely;
fine; final; finance; financial; fine;
finish; finite; infinite
“
-fir-/-foc-/-fue-/-fur-/
”
: fire; rage
(火,
热;
愤怒)
→
fire; fiery; focus; fuel; furious;
furnace;
fury
“<
/p>
-firm-/-firm-/-farm-
”
< br>: make firm; settle
(稳健,稳固)→
affirm;
confirm; farm; firm
“
-flat-/-flar-
”
:
blow
(吹,
)→
inflate;
inflation; deflate*; deflation*
“
-flex-/-flect-
”
: bend
(弯曲,折)→
flexible;
reflect; reflection
“
-flic-
”
:
strike
→(打击,撞击)
conflict;
afflict; inflict*
“
< br>-flu-/-flu-/-flo-
”
: flow;
wave
(流动;
波动)
→
affluent; float; flow; flood; fluctuate; fluent; fluid;
flush; fly; influence;
influential; overflow; superfluous
“
-fod-/-fos-
”
: dug up;
dig
(挖,掘)→
fossil
“
-fori-
”
: outside
(外部;外围)→
foreign;
foreign; forest; forum
“
-form-
”
: form;
shape; fashion
(
形式,
形状,
方式)
→
conform;
conformist; form; formal; format;
formation; formula; formulate; inform;
reform; transform; deform*
“
-fort-/-fors-
”
:
①
chance
;
②
strong
(天意;
强大,<
/p>
力量)
→
fortune;
fortunate; misfortune; //
comfort;
comfortable;
uncomfortable;
effort;
enforce;
force;
reinforce;
fortitude*;
fortress*;
fortify*
“
-fostr-
”
: feed;
food
(食物;滋养)→
foster
“
-frac-/-frag-
p>
”
:
break
(打破,破裂)→
fraction;
fracture; fragile; fragment
“
-fray-
”
:
frighten;
disturb
(惊异;打扰)→
afraid
“
-front-
< br>”
:
forehead
(额头)→
confront
“
-func-/-fung-
p>
”
: perform;
discharge
(功用)→
function
“
-fund-/-found-<
/p>
”
: bottom; deep; melt; cast
p>
(底;
深)
→
fo
und; foundation; fund; fundamental;
profound
“
-fus-/-fut-/-fund-
”
:
mingle; mix; pour; beat
(
混合;<
/p>
倾倒)
→
confuse;
diffuse; fund; fuse; futile;
refund;
refuse; refusal; transfuse*
“
-gage-
”
:
pledge
(保证,誓言,抵押)→
engage;
engagement
“
-gar
d-/-guard-
”
: look; watch; se
e
(
关注,
认知)
→
disregard; guard; regard; regarding;
regardless
“
-gen
us-/-gene-/-gine-
”
: origin;
race; produce; breed; talent; contrive; kind
(起源;产生;创
造;种类)→
degenerat
e;
engine;
engineer;
engineering;
gender;
gene;
general;
generalize;
generate;
generation;
generator;
generous;
genetic;
genius;
genuine;
homogeneous;
ingenious;
congenital*; genre*
“
-gest-
”
:
carry;
to
bear; <
/p>
bring
(载;拿)→
digest;
gesture;
register;
suggest;
suggestion;
gesticulate*
“
p>
-graph-/-gram-
”
:
writing
(写)→
bibliography;
biography; autobiography; diagram; program;
calligraphy*
“
p>
-grat-/-gree-/-grac-
”
:
rejoice;
pleasure
(快乐;高兴)→
agree;
agreement;
agreeable;
congratulate; disgrace; grace;
grateful; gratitude; greet; greeting; ingratiate*;
gratis*
“
-grav-/
-grave-/-grie-/-gret-
”
: make
heavier
(变得沉重)
→
agg
ravate; grave; gravity; grieve; grief;
regret; grievance*