-
Unit 1
重点单词
Matter
n.
事情,问题
sore
adj.
疼痛的,酸痛的
stomachache n.
胃痛,腹痛
Neck
n.
颈;
脖子
stomach
n.
胃,
腹部
throat
n.
喉
咙,咽喉
Fever
n
.
发烧
cough
n.
咳嗽
toothache
n.
牙痛
Headache
n .
头痛
hurt
v.
疼痛,受伤
passenger
n.
乘客,旅客
Bandage
v.
用绷带包扎
nosebleed
n.
鼻出血
breathe
V
.
呼吸
Sunburned
adj.
晒伤的
climber
n.
登山者
risk
危险,
风险
Accident
n.
(
交通
)
事故,
意外事故
situation
n.
情景,
状态
knife n.
刀
Blood
n.
血
importance
n.
重要性,重要
decision
.
决定,抉择
Spirit
n.
勇气,
意志
death
n.
死,
死亡
nurse
n.
护士
重点短语
What
’
s the matter
with you ? = What
’
s wrong
with you ? = What
’
s the
trouble with you
?
Sore
throat
喉咙痛
have
a
stomachache
胃痛
take
one
’
s
temperature
量体温
See
the
dentist
看牙医
have
a
fever
发烧
have
a
headache
头痛
Go
along
沿着
…
走
get
off
下车
wait
for
等待
To
one
’
s surprise
令某人吃惊
thanks to
由于
in time
及
时
Think
about
考虑
agree
to
do
sth
同义做某事
have
a
nosebleed
流鼻血
Fall down
摔倒
be interested in
对
…
..
感兴趣
be used
to doing sth
习惯于
…
Take risks (take a risk
)
冒险
one of + n
复数
、
、
p>
、
、
之一
run
out (of )
用尽;耗尽
Cut
off
切除
get
out
of
离开,从
……
出来
be
in
control of
掌握,管理
Make
a
decision
做决定
keep
on
doing
sth
持续做某事
give
up
放弃
Have trouble
(in)doing sth
做某事有困难
expect sb to do sth
期望某人做某事
重、难点句子
:
1)
He expected most or all of
the passengers to get off and wait for the next
bus
他希望大多数乘客或所有的乘客都会下车等下一辆公共汽车。
这个句子理解的时候主要要求掌握几个短语。
期望某人做某事
“
expect sb
to do sth
”
get
off
“
下车
”
wait for
“
等待
”
例子:
I expect Tom to be a
skilled worker
我期望汤姆做个技术工人
练习:
1.
—
You look sad.
What has happened ?
—
Everyone _______ us to win
the math, but we lost.
A.
expects
B.
expected
C. hopes
D.
hoped
2)
But to his surprise
, they all agreed to go with him
但是令他惊讶
的是,他们都同意和他一
起去
Surprise
是名词,
表示
“惊讶”
时,
是不可数名词。
常用短语:
in surprise
惊讶地;
to
one
’
s surprise
使<
/p>
…
.
惊讶的。
表示
“令人惊讶的事
/
意外之事”
时,
是可数名词。
Surprise
还可以作及物动词,
意思是“使
…
惊讶
,常用短语
surprise sb
.
例子:
It was a great surprise
to learn of her marriage.
得知她结婚是一件十分令人惊喜的事。
Surprised
为形容词,
意思是“感到惊讶的”
surprising
也是形容词,
意思是“令人感到
惊讶的
To one
’
s surprise
与
in surprise
的区别
To
one
’
s surprise
<
/p>
“使。
。感到惊讶的”
,常位于句首,做
状语,
表示行为的结果。
例子:
To our
surprise , the door was unlocked .
令我们吃惊的是门没有锁。
In
surprise
“
惊奇地”常位于动词之后做状语。
表示方式。
例子:
John looked at me in surprise
约翰惊奇的望着我。
3
)
Do you agree
that people often do not
help others because they
do
not want to get into
trouble ?
你同意人们经常不帮助别人是因为他们不想惹上麻烦吗?
Trouble
是名词,
意为“烦恼,苦恼,问题”
,
通常是不可数名词,
使用时注意以下
句型和结构:
1.
have trouble
(in) doing sth
表示“做某事有困难”
,
其中的介词
in
在口语中通常可以
省略,但通常不能改为不定式。
例子:
We had on
trouble (in)finding his office
我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。
2. have trouble with
表示“有
…
.
毛病;同
…
.
闹纠纷
例子:
He is having trouble with teeth .
他正牙痛
into
trouble
是固定短语,
意为“陷入困境;
造成麻烦
例子:
He
’
s always
getting into trouble (with the teacher).
他老闯祸(给老师惹麻烦)
4
)
As
a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.
作为一个登山者,
阿伦习惯于冒
险
这个句子需要注意以下
1. be
used to
为“习惯于。
。<
/p>
。
。
;
适应于。
。
。
”
,
p>
后常接动词、代词或现在分词。
be used to
doing sth .
表示
”
习惯于
做某事
”
. be used to do sth
表示“
……
被用来做某
事
例子:
I am used t o eating rice now.
我现在习惯吃大米。
The knife can used to cut meat
这把刀能用来切肉。
Take risks
“
冒险”
相当于
take a risk
例子:
We do not
expect untrained people to take risks .
我们不主张未受过训练的人员去冒
险。
5)
On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very
dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.
在
200
3
年
4
月
26
日,当他在尤他州爬山时发现自己处在一个很危险的状况里。
Situation
是名词,
意为“位置;形势;情况”多指国家的政治局势、经济状态等,
是
可数名词。
其形容词是
situational,
意为“环境形成的”
。
例子:
This
situation is unfavourable for us
这样的情况对我们来说是不利的。
6
)
On that day ,
Aron
’
s arm was caught
under a 2, 000-kilo rock
that fell on him when he
was climbing
by himself in the mountains.
那天,当他独自在山上
攀登的时候,阿伦的胳膊
被一个落在他身上
2000
公斤重的岩石压住了。
2,000-kilo
是由连字符和其他名词构成的名词性短语,
< br>当他做定语的时候,该名词只能
用单数形式。
例子:
She is a
6-year-old girl .
她是一个六岁大的女孩。
= she is a 6
years old girl
7)
But when his water ran out , he knew
that he would have to do something to save his own
life.
但当他的水用光的时候,
他知识他必须做点什么来挽救自己的生命。
out of
“
用尽,耗完
”
例如:
I
have run out of
notepaper
我们已用完了信纸
They have run out of their
food
他们的食物已经用完
了
2.
have to do
something
“
一定要做点什么;
和
…
..
有关
”
例如:
You have to
do something about your text
你必须为你的考试做些什么了。
8
)
Then ,with his left arm , he bandaged
himself so that he would not lose too much blood
然后,他用左手臂用绷带包扎自己,
这样他不会失血太多。
too much
“
太多,太过于
”
,做定语
修饰不可数名词
,还可以单独用作主语、表语、状
语等,
,
too
是副词,
much
是形容词,
意为“许多的,大量的”
例子:
I have too
much homework to do
我有太多的家庭作业要做
There is too much water in the glasses
杯子里有太多的水
由此我们可以回忆一下之前我们学习过的
much too
是什么意思呢?
much too
是
“太、
非
常”
的意思,
其实
much
在这里表示
“大”
的意思,
是用来加强
too
的
语气,
常用来修饰形容词和副词
例子:
You
’
re
much too fat
你太胖了
以前我们还学过
too many
的
用法,
他是用来修饰可数名词的复数的。
这个短语的中心词是
many ,too
只是用来修饰
many
例子:
There are too
many apples in
the basket
在篮子里有太多的苹果。
练习:
1.
—
look ! There is
a big river , Let
’
s swim in
it !
—
No
,
I
think it
’
s _____ dangerous
A.
much
too
B.
too
much
C.
too
many
D.
many too
2.
—
Why are you so tired
these days ?
—
Well , I have
_______
work to
do
A.
too
much
B.
too
many
C.
much
too
D.
many too
9)
In this book , Aron tells of the
importance of making
good
decision , and of being
in
control of one
’
s
life
.
在这本书中阿伦讲述了
做出重要选择的重要性,以及掌握自己生命的
重要性。
1.
importance
是不可数名词,
意为“重要性,重要“,其形容词是
important
“
重要
的
”
,
例子:
This
matter is of vital importance
to us
这件事对我们来说至关重要。
2.
decision
是名词
,
意为
“决定,
抉择
“。
decision
经常与
make , reach, arrive at ,
give ,
come to
等词连用(但不可用
do
)均表示
”
作出决
定
”
例子:
We can
’
t make a
decision
without our
chairman.
主席不在场,我们不能做决定。
与
decision
有关的短语
decision
about
关于。
。
。的决定
decision on
关于。
。
。的决
定
come to a decision
决定下来
give a decision
做出决定
make a decision
做决定
reach a
decision
达成协议
wrong decision
错误的决定
3.
control
做名词,
意为
“掌握,控制“常用短语”
be in control of
”
例子:
They were in
complete
control of the
situation
他们完全掌握了局势。
10)
Aron
did
not
give
up
after
the
accident
and
keeps
on
climbing
mountains
today .
阿伦在那次事故过后并没有放弃,
现在坚持爬山。
1. give up
是动词短语,
意为
“放弃
“,
指行为或努力受挫或被的原因而主动放弃,
可用作及物动词,跟名词或
V.-ing
做宾语
。
也可做不及物动词。
例子:
You ought to
give up smoking , I gave up last year
你应该戒烟,
我去年就戒
掉了。
易混词组
give up
意义及用法
give
up
指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主
动
放弃,
可做及物动词,
跟名词或动名词做
宾语,
也可作不及物动词。
例句
The window was
strong and the waves were big , so
had
to give up his attempt to swim the channel
。
风
浪高,他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算
give
in
give
in
意为“让步,屈服“指不再坚持自
As
neither
of
the
two
sides
would
give
in
,
己的行为或观点等,
而按照别人的要求去做,
agreement fell through .
由于双
发不肯让步,所以
一般做不及物动词
能达成协议
give
out
意为“用完,耗尽,体力不
支“是
不及物动词
give
out
After
a
long
journey
,
my
strength
gave
out
couldn
’
t walk any
father .
已经走了很长的路,我
筋疲力尽,再也走不
动了。
练习:
1.
It was a difficult
time for the quake-hit
victims(
牺牲者,受害者
) in
Ya
’
an, but they
didn
’
t
_______
hope .
A.
give
up
B.
give
off
C.
give
in
D. give out
2.I feel it hard to keep up with my
classmates in study and sometimes I lose heart .
But
whenever(
不管什么时候
)
I want to ____
,
my teacher always encourage me to work
harder .
A.
go
on
B.
run
away
C.
give
up
D. look out
2. keep on
意为“
反复的做“,
继续进行。
常用句型是
keep on doing sth
意为”继续
(或坚持)做某事“
例子:
She kept on working although she was
tired .
她虽然很疲惫但任继续工作
Keep on with
后可加名词或代词,
意为“继续
……
“