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八年级下册英语 unit1

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2021-02-16 04:52
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2021年2月16日发(作者:愚人)


Unit 1


重点单词



Matter



n.


事情,问题



















sore



adj.


疼痛的,酸痛的










stomachache n.


胃痛,腹痛





Neck




n.


颈;


脖子





















stomach




n.


胃,


腹部













throat




n.



咙,咽喉




Fever




n


.


发烧
























cough





n.


咳嗽


















toothache


n.


牙痛




Headache



n .


头痛























hurt






v.



疼痛,受伤










passenger



n.


乘客,旅客





Bandage





v.


用绷带包扎
















nosebleed



n.



鼻出血












breathe




V


.


呼吸






Sunburned



adj.



晒伤的



















climber



n.


登山者















risk



危险,


风险



Accident



n. (


交通


)


事故,


意外事故









situation



n.


情景,




状态











knife n.





Blood




n.





























importance




n.


重要性,重要







decision



.


决定,抉择



Spirit



n.


勇气,


意志






















death



n.


死,


死亡













nurse



n.


护士



重点短语




What



s the matter with you ? = What



s wrong with you ? = What



s the trouble with you



?



Sore


throat





喉咙痛






















have


a


stomachache


胃痛












take


one



s


temperature


量体温



See


the


dentist



看牙医




















have


a


fever





发烧
















have


a


headache



头痛



Go



along



沿着
























get


off


下车























wait


for




等待



To one



s surprise




令某人吃惊














thanks to


由于





















in time





Think


about






考虑






















agree


to


do


sth


同义做某事













have


a


nosebleed


流鼻血



Fall down





摔倒

























be interested in




..


感兴趣










be used


to doing sth


习惯于





Take risks (take a risk )


冒险

















one of + n


复数









之一










run out (of )


用尽;耗尽



Cut


off



切除





























get


out


of



离开,从


……


出来









be


in


control of






掌握,管理



Make


a


decision


做决定




















keep


on


doing


sth




持续做某事








give


up



放弃



Have trouble (in)doing sth



做某事有困难





expect sb to do sth




期望某人做某事





重、难点句子




1)


He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus



他希望大多数乘客或所有的乘客都会下车等下一辆公共汽车。



这个句子理解的时候主要要求掌握几个短语。



期望某人做某事



expect sb to do sth






get


off



下车




wait for



等待




例子:


I expect Tom to be a skilled worker




我期望汤姆做个技术工人







练习:


1.



You look sad. What has happened ?



Everyone _______ us to win the math, but we lost.



A.



expects














B. expected











C. hopes









D. hoped


2)


But to his surprise , they all agreed to go with him


但是令他惊讶 的是,他们都同意和他一


起去




Surprise



是名词,



表示


“惊讶”


时,



是不可数名词。



常用短语:


in surprise



惊讶地;



to one



s surprise


使< /p>



.


惊讶的。



表示


“令人惊讶的事


/


意外之事”


时,



是可数名词。



Surprise



还可以作及物动词,



意思是“使



惊讶



,常用短语



surprise sb .



例子:



It was a great surprise



to learn of her marriage.


得知她结婚是一件十分令人惊喜的事。





Surprised


为形容词,



意思是“感到惊讶的”



surprising


也是形容词,



意思是“令人感到


惊讶的



To one



s surprise




in surprise


的区别



To one



s surprise


< /p>


“使。


。感到惊讶的”


,常位于句首,做 状语,



表示行为的结果。




例子:


To our surprise , the door was unlocked .


令我们吃惊的是门没有锁。



In surprise



惊奇地”常位于动词之后做状语。



表示方式。





例子:



John looked at me in surprise


约翰惊奇的望着我。



3



Do you agree



that people often do not help others because they



do not want to get into


trouble ?


你同意人们经常不帮助别人是因为他们不想惹上麻烦吗?



Trouble


是名词,



意为“烦恼,苦恼,问题”




通常是不可数名词,



使用时注意以下


句型和结构:



1.



have trouble (in) doing sth



表示“做某事有困难”



< p>
其中的介词


in


在口语中通常可以


省略,但通常不能改为不定式。




例子:



We had on trouble (in)finding his office




我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。




2. have trouble with




表示“有



.


毛病;同



.


闹纠纷






例子:



He is having trouble with teeth .


他正牙痛



into trouble




是固定短语,



意为“陷入困境;



造成麻烦






例子:



He



s always getting into trouble (with the teacher).


他老闯祸(给老师惹麻烦)



4




As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.


作为一个登山者,



阿伦习惯于冒




这个句子需要注意以下



1. be used to



为“习惯于。


。< /p>




;


适应于。







后常接动词、代词或现在分词。





be used to doing sth .


表示



习惯于 做某事



. be used to do sth



表示“


……



被用来做某




例子:





I am used t o eating rice now.


我现在习惯吃大米。












The knife can used to cut meat




这把刀能用来切肉。











Take risks




冒险”



相当于



take a risk




例子:





We do not expect untrained people to take risks .


我们不主张未受过训练的人员去冒


险。





5)


On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.





200 3



4



26


日,当他在尤他州爬山时发现自己处在一个很危险的状况里。



Situation


是名词,



意为“位置;形势;情况”多指国家的政治局势、经济状态等,




可数名词。



其形容词是


situational,


意为“环境形成的”




例子:



This situation is unfavourable for us



这样的情况对我们来说是不利的。



6



On that day , Aron



s arm was caught



under a 2, 000-kilo rock that fell on him when he


was climbing by himself in the mountains.


那天,当他独自在山上 攀登的时候,阿伦的胳膊


被一个落在他身上


2000


公斤重的岩石压住了。




2,000-kilo


是由连字符和其他名词构成的名词性短语,


< br>当他做定语的时候,该名词只能


用单数形式。




例子:


She is a 6-year-old girl .


她是一个六岁大的女孩。


= she is a 6 years old girl



7)


But when his water ran out , he knew that he would have to do something to save his own


life.



但当他的水用光的时候,



他知识他必须做点什么来挽救自己的生命。




out of



用尽,耗完






例如:



I have run out of



notepaper


我们已用完了信纸





































They have run out of their food



他们的食物已经用完




2.



have to do something



一定要做点什么;





..


有关







例如:


You have to do something about your text








你必须为你的考试做些什么了。




8




Then ,with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood



然后,他用左手臂用绷带包扎自己,



这样他不会失血太多。










too much



太多,太过于



,做定语


修饰不可数名词


,还可以单独用作主语、表语、状


语等,




too


是副词,



much


是形容词,



意为“许多的,大量的”



例子:



I have too much homework to do



我有太多的家庭作业要做
















There is too much water in the glasses


杯子里有太多的水




由此我们可以回忆一下之前我们学习过的




much too



是什么意思呢?



much too




“太、


非 常”


的意思,


其实


much

< p>
在这里表示


“大”


的意思,


是用来加强


too



语气,



常用来修饰形容词和副词




例子:


You



re much too fat



你太胖了







以前我们还学过


too many


的 用法,


他是用来修饰可数名词的复数的。



这个短语的中心词是


many ,too


只是用来修饰


many







例子:



There are too many apples in



the basket





在篮子里有太多的苹果。



练习:


1.




look ! There is a big river , Let



s swim in it !





No




I think it



s _____ dangerous


A.



much


too












B.


too


much














C.


too


many















D.




many too






2.




Why are you so tired



these days ?









Well , I have _______




work to do




A.


too


much














B.


too


many















C.


much


too














D.


many too




9)



In this book , Aron tells of the importance of making



good decision , and of being



in


control of one



s life



.


在这本书中阿伦讲述了 做出重要选择的重要性,以及掌握自己生命的


重要性。






1.


importance



是不可数名词,



意为“重要性,重要“,其形容词是



important



< p>
重要






例子:



This matter is of vital importance



to us



这件事对我们来说至关重要。



2.



decision


是名词





意为


“决定,


抉择

“。



decision


经常与


make , reach, arrive at , give ,


come to


等词连用(但不可用


do


)均表示



作出决 定








例子:



We can



t make a decision



without our chairman.



主席不在场,我们不能做决定。




decision


有关的短语



decision about




关于。



。的决定



















decision on







关于。



。的决




come to a decision


决定下来
























give a decision





做出决定



make a decision



做决定



























reach a



decision




达成协议




wrong decision


错误的决定



























3.



control


做名词,



意为




“掌握,控制“常用短语”


be in control of






例子:



They were in complete



control of the situation




他们完全掌握了局势。




10)



Aron


did



not


give


up



after


the


accident



and


keeps


on


climbing


mountains


today .



阿伦在那次事故过后并没有放弃,



现在坚持爬山。








1. give up


是动词短语,



意为


“放弃


“,



指行为或努力受挫或被的原因而主动放弃,



可用作及物动词,跟名词或


V.-ing


做宾语





也可做不及物动词。




例子:



You ought to give up smoking , I gave up last year




你应该戒烟,



我去年就戒


掉了。







易混词组



give up



意义及用法




give


up



指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主


动 放弃,



可做及物动词,



跟名词或动名词做


宾语,



也可作不及物动词。




例句



The window was strong and the waves were big , so


had to give up his attempt to swim the channel





浪高,他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算



give



in




give


in



意为“让步,屈服“指不再坚持自


As


neither


of


the


two


sides


would


give


in


,


己的行为或观点等,



而按照别人的要求去做,



agreement fell through .


由于双 发不肯让步,所以


一般做不及物动词



能达成协议



give


out



意为“用完,耗尽,体力不 支“是


不及物动词



give



out




After


a


long


journey


,


my


strength


gave


out


couldn



t walk any father .


已经走了很长的路,我


筋疲力尽,再也走不 动了。





练习:


1.



It was a difficult



time for the quake-hit victims(


牺牲者,受害者


) in Ya



an, but they


didn



t



_______



hope .



A.


give


up

















B.


give


off













C.




give


in



















D. give out



2.I feel it hard to keep up with my classmates in study and sometimes I lose heart . But



whenever(


不管什么时候


) I want to ____




my teacher always encourage me to work harder .



A.


go


on
















B.


run


away












C.


give


up



















D. look out




2. keep on


意为“



反复的做“,



继续进行。



常用句型是


keep on doing sth




意为”继续


(或坚持)做某事“




例子:



She kept on working although she was tired .



她虽然很疲惫但任继续工作






















Keep on with



后可加名词或代词,



意为“继续


……



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