-
八下
Unit 1
What
’
s the matter?
一．询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到什么麻烦时，常用以下句型：
’
s
the
matter
（
with
sb
）
? 2.
What
’
s
the
trouble
/
problem
（
with
sb
）
?
’
s
wrong
（
with
sb
）
?
你怎么了？
4.
What
’
s
one
’
s
trouble
/
problem
？
’
s up ?
6. What happened to sb ?
you OK ?
8. Is
there anything wrong with sb ?
二．表达身体不适或疼痛时，常用以下结构：
+
have
/has
+
a
/
an
+
疾病名称：
have
a
cold(
患感冒
)
/
fever
/
cough
/
temperature
注：
have
a
cold
相当于
get
a
cold/catch
a
cold/have
got
a
cold
；
have
a
bad
cold(
患
重感冒
)
；
have a heart problem
有心脏病
+ have/ has
a sore +
身体部位：
have a sore
throat / back
+ have / has+ a+
身体部位
+ache(
构成疾病名词
< br>) have a toothache /headache /
stomachache / earache /backache
+ hurt(s) +
身体部位
/
oneself He hurt his leg
.
或身体部位
+ hurts My head
hurts badly .
is something
wrong with one
’
s
+
身体部位。
+have
/has a pain in one
’
s
+
身体部位
三．情态动词
should /
should
’
t
的用法：意为’应该，应当’
后接动
词原形，无人称
和数的变化。通常表示提出意见或建议，或义务和责任，还可表示命令责
备或要求等语气
;
1. You should lie
down and rest . should
’
t
eat so much next time . 3. What
should
I do ?
4. Should I put some medicine on
it
？
----Yes ,you should ./
No, you should
’
t.
四、
if
引导的条件句，如果主句是祈使句、含
有情态动词或用一般将来时，从句用一般现
在时表示将来。
Section A
adj.
疼痛的
可作定语或表语
She
has
a
sore
throat
/
back
.
My
leg
is
very
sore
.
n.
后面，背面
He
sat
at
the
back
of
the
classroom.
adv
.
回（原处）
come
back
3. lie
躺，卧
---lay. lie down
躺下
撒谎
--- .lying You
are lying to me .
n.
谎言假话
tell a lie / lies
lay .---laid .laid. laying
产卵
下蛋
放置
4. rest
休息
v./n. You should rest for
a few days . get some rest= have(take) a
rest /a break /
breaks
休息一下
5. to one
‘
s
surprise
使某人惊讶的是
常作插入语，位于句首
，其后用逗号与其他部
分隔开。
To
his surprise,she failed the exam .
To one
’
s +
表示感情色彩的
名词，意为使
/
令某人
.....
的是
; to
one
’
s joy
令
/
使
某人高兴的是，
to
one
’
s
< br>disappointment
令
/
使某人失望的是
to
one
’
s
satisfaction
令
/
使某人
满意的是；
in surprise
吃惊地
surprising(
物
) What
surprising news !
Surprised(
人
) be
surprised to do / be surprised at sth / be
surprised that
…
6. much too+
形容词，
太
......
，
too
many+
可数名词复数，太多……
too
much+
不可数名词，太多…（前）
也可做副词修饰动词（后）
talk too much
7. enough
形容、副词
,
足够的
/
地，
(1
) enough +
名词
; enough water
(2)
形副
+ enough
good enough (3)enough
后常接
(for+
名词
/
代词
) to do sth.
意为足够
/
能做某事
1
8. sound
like+
名词代词和从句：听起来像
It sounds
like you don
’
t know the
truth..
It sounds like a good idea.
Sound( look/feel/taste/smell
)+
形容词
听起来
... eg. The music sounds
nice.
9. need
(1).
需要，实义动词
人作主语
need+sth
，需要某物；
need (sb)to
do sth.
需要
做某事，
(2).
物作主语；
sth
needs doing/ to be done The room needs
cleaning /to be
cleaned.
(3)
情态动词
,
多用于否定句或疑问句
Need I stay here ?---Yes, you must .
/No, you
need
’
t.
10. agree
同意，赞同
--
-disagree(
反义词
) agree with
sb.
同意某人
(
意见或观点
)
agree to do sth..
同意做某事
11. right
away =right now =at once
，意为
马上
。
12. advice(
不可数
)
建议
,
意见
a
piece of advice
一条建议
give
sb. advice on sth./
take
one
’
s advice advise
[
动词
] advise sb. to do sth.
建议某人做某事
advise
doing sth.
建议做某事
13.
hurt
及物动词，
使……疼痛，
……受伤，
He
hurt
his
leg
. He
hurt
her
feelings.
不及物动词，……（部位）疼。
His leg hurt
badly.
14. hit --hit
（过去
式）
（用手或器具）打；击打
The boy hit
the dog with a stone.
hit
sb.
on
the
head/
nose/
back
打某人的头、鼻子、后背，
on
用在所打较硬的部位；
hit
sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach/mouth
打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子、嘴巴，
in
用在
所打较软的部位。
当名词用时；
get hit on the head
头部受到撞击
15.
see sb doing
sth
看见某人正在做某事（强调看见某个动作正在进行）
I saw a boy playing football near
my home.
See sb do sth
看见某人做某事（强调看见动作发生的全过程）
We saw him cross the road.
类
似于
see
这种用法的动词，常见的有
watch,hear,notice
等。
to sb
向某人喊话
shout
at sb
冲某人叫喊（贬义）
shout for
help
大声呼救
17.
expect sb to do sth
期待某人去做某事。
about
（
+doing
考虑
think
of
想起，认为
think
over
仔细考虑
think
up
想出
down
（
+from
）摔倒，跌倒（相当于
< br>fall off
…
从……跌落下来）
fall behind
落后，跟不上
fall
into
落入…
fall
asleep
入睡
fall
in
love
with
爱上…
fall
over
跌倒
20.
反身代词
myself./
yourself / himself
/
herself
/ itself / ourselves /yourselves
/
themselves
作同位语；
Did you make
the cake yourself ?
做表语
I
’
m not myself today .
enjoy
oneself
（玩得高兴）
help
oneself
to
…（
随便吃
...
）
by
oneself
（独自、单独）
hurt/ cut
oneself
（伤着、割伤自己）
teach
oneself=learn sth by
oneself
（自学）
e (
不可数
)
；苦恼，问题
be in trouble
处于困境
get
into trouble
陷入困
境
make
trouble
制造麻烦
have
(no)trouble
/
difficulties
/
problems (in)
doing
sth
做
....
有麻烦
,
做某事
(
没
)
有困难
……
on sth
在某物上放……
put some medicine on
the cut (
伤口
)
在伤口上敷
些药
put a
bandage on it
在它上面放绷带
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