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小学六年级英语介词用法及练习

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来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-16 01:25
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2021年2月16日发(作者:苏木科)




1


、早、午、晚要用


in





例:


in the morning


在早上





in the afternoon


在下午





in the evening


在晚






in the day


在白天







2



at


黎明、午、夜、点与分







: at dawn, at daybreak


在黎明时候





at noon


在中午





at night


在夜






at midnight


在午夜






以上短语都不用冠词





at six o'clock



6


点钟





at 7



30 (seven thirty)



7


点半





at half past eleven



11


点半





at nine fifteen



9



15< /p>






at


ten thirty a.m.

在上午


10



30








也可以写成





seven to five 5


点 差


7



(


半小 时以上


)




five minutes after


two 2


点过


5






at a quarter to two 1



45






at the weekend


在周末






3



年、月 、年月、季节、周





即在



来年


< br>,在



某月



,在



某年某月



但在


某年某月某





日则用


on)


,在四季,在第几周等都要用


in






例;


in 1986



1986






in 1927



1927






in April


在四月





in


March


在三月





in December 1986 1986



12






in July l983 1983



7






in spring


在春季



in summer


在夏季





in autumn


在秋季



in winter


在冬季





in the fist week of this semester


这学期的第一周





in the third


week


在第三周







4



阳光、灯、影、衣、冒



in






即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下, 穿衣、


着装、冒雨等都要用


in








例:


Don't read in dim light.


切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。





They are


reviewing their lessons in the bright light.


他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。





They are sitting in the shade of a tree.


他们坐在树阴下乘凉。





a prisoner in


irons


带着镣铐的囚犯





He went in the rain to meet me at the station.


他冒雨



到车站去接我。





The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society.


旧社会穷


人们衣衫褴褛.







以及:


in the bright sunlight


在明亮的阳光下





a merchant in disguise


乔装


的商人





the woman in white (black, red, yellow)


穿着白


(


黑、红、黄


)


色衣服


的妇女

< p>




in uniform


穿着制服





in mourning


穿着丧服





in brown


shoes


穿着棕色鞋





in his shirt sleeves


穿着衬衫








5


、将来时态


in...


以后








: They will come back in 10 days.


他们将


10< /p>


天以后回来。





I'll come


round in a day or two.


我一两天就回来。





We'll be back in no time.


我们一会


儿就回来。





Come and see me in two days' time.


两天后来看我。


(< /p>


从现在开



)




after... (


从过去开始


)






6



小处


at


大处< /p>


in




例:


Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don't worry.


李和


我平安地到达黑山县,一切很好,勿念。< /p>





I live in a great city (big city), my


sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.


我住在大城市,我姐


姐住在一个小城镇,


而我的父母则住在农村。





I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan.



住在辽宁省鞍山市.







7



有形


with


无形


by


,语言



、单位、材料


in





例:


The workers are paving a road with stone.


工人们正用石子铺路。


(


有形


)




The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.


这位教师正用一支新笔批改论


文。


(


有形


)





智取威虎



>>



-< /p>


出好戏。


(


无形


)




The product is separated by distilation into gasoline


and gas oil.


这种产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油。


(


表示方式、手段、方法


--


无形


)




I really can't express my idea in English freely in- deed




我确实不能



用英语流利地表达我的思想。



(


表示某种语言用


in)




I wrote a novel in


Russian.


我用俄语写了一本小说。

< p>
(


同上


)




The kilometer is the biggest unit of


length in the metric system




公里是米制中最长的长度单位。



(< /p>


表示度、量、衡


单位的用


in )




The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.



度是以米、


公里、


厘 米为单位来计算的。


(


同上


)




This board was cast in bronze


not in gold.


这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的。







8



特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用


in




特征或状态:







: The Democratic Party was then in power.


那时民主党执政。





They found


the patient in a coma.


他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。





He has not been in good


health for some years.


他几年来身体一直不好。





Many who came in despair


went away in hope.


许多人带着绝望情绪 而来,


却满怀希望而去。





The house


was in ruins.


这房屋成了废墟。





The poor girl was in tears.


这个贫苦女孩泪


流满面。





Her clothes were in rags.


她的衣跟穿破了。





His shoes were in


holes.


他的鞋穿出窟窿了。





I only said it in fun.


我说这话只是开玩笑的。





She spoke in grief rather than in anger.


与其说她讲得很气愤,不如说她讲得很伤


心。







9



还有一些短语也用


in


< br>


如:





in jest


诙谐地,


in joke


开玩笑地,


in spite


恶意地,



in fairness


公正


地,


in revenge


报复


, in mercy


宽大,


in sorrow


伤心地等。





His mind was in


great confusion.


他脑子里很乱。





Today everybody is in high spirits and no


one is in low ebb.


今天大家都兴高采烈,没有一个情绪低落。





She and her


classmates are in flower ages.


她和她的同学都正值妙龄。





The compaign was


in full swing.


运动正值高潮中。







方面:






例:


we accepted the item in principle.


我们在原则上接受了这个条款。





They are never backward in giving their views.


他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。





The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.


这个落后的地区在粮食方



面已能自给。





A good teacher must be an example in study.


一个好的教师必


须是学习的模范。







方式:






例:


All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.


所有报告都用速记记录下来


了。





The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and


internationalism.


党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。







如下成语惯用


in





例如:



in all


总计





in advance


事前





in the meantime


与此同时





in


place


适当地





in hopes of(



in the hope of)


怀着


.......


希望





in


connection with



……


有关





in contact with



……


联系





in addition to



......


以外

< br>




in case of


倘若,万一





in conflict with



......


冲突





in


force


有效的,大批





in depth


彻底地





in regard to


关于





in the


neighborhood of


大约、


邻近





in retrospect


回顾,


一想起





in behalf of




......


利益





in the least


一点,丝毫





in alarm


惊慌、担心





in the


opinion of



……


见解





in the long run


从长远说来





in one's opinion



……


看来





in word


口头上





in a word


总之





in vain


无益地


,



白地





in case


如果,万一,以防





in detail


详细地





in haste


急急忙


忙地





in conclusion


总之





in spite of


尽管





in other words...


换句话






in return


作为回报





in the name of



. .....


名义





be confident in



......


有信心





be interested in



......


感兴趣





in doubt


怀疑





in love


恋爱中





in debt


负债





in fun (jest



joke)


玩笑地





in hesitation


犹豫


不决





in wonder


在惊奇中





in public (secret)


公开他


(


秘密地


)




in a


good humour


心情


(


情绪


)









10



介词


at



to


表方向,攻击、位置、善、恶、分







介词


at



to


都可以表示方向


;



at


表示方向时,


侧重于攻击的目标,


往往表示


恶意;用


to


表示方向时, 突出运动的位置或动作的对象,侧重表示善意。



试比较下列各句:




1. A



She came at me.


她向我扑过来。






B



She came to me.


她向我走过来。






2



A



Jake ran at John.




杰克向约翰扑过去。







B



Jake ran to John.


杰克朝约翰跑去。






3



A. He rushed at the woman with a sword.


他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。







B. He rushed to the woman with a sword.


他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。





4



A



He shouted at the old man.


他大声喝斥那老人。







B. He shouted to the old man.


他大声向那老人说





5



A



I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.


我听见她在抱怨小李。







B



I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.


我听见她在同小李低声说话。






6



A. She talked at you just now.


她刚才还说你坏话呢。







B



She talked to you just now.


她刚才还同你谈话呢


.





7



A



She threw a bone at the dog.


她用一块骨头砸狗。







B



She threw a bone to the dog.


她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。






8



A



He presented a pistol at me.


他用手枪对着我。







B



He presented a pistol to me.


他赠送我一支手枪。







11



日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早午 晚


;


以下皆用


on

< br>。







: on Octorber the first 1949 1949



10



1






on February the thirteenth


l893 1893



2



13


< br>




on May the first 5



1






on the first 1






on


the sixteenth 16






on the second of January




on January the second 1



2






on a summer evening


在夏天的一个夜晚





on Boxing Day


在节 礼日


(


圣诞节次日


)




on New Year's Day


在元旦





on my birthday


在我的生日









in the Christmas holidays


在圣诞节假期


; in the eighteenth century


在十八世纪


;


in ancient times


在古代


; in earlier times


在早期


; in modern times


在现代,则用


in



the present time


现在,


at the present day


当今则用


at








on May Day





·








on winter day


在冬天





on Decenber 12th


1950 l950



12



12






on Sunday


在星期天





on Monday


在星期一






on Tuesday morning


星期二早晨





on Saturday afternoon


星期六下午





on Friday evening


星期五晚上








last night


昨夜;


in the evening


在晚上


; on time


准时,


in time


及时,


等则不


同。





年月日,加早午晚,


of

< p>
之前


on



in




例:



on the morning of 18th


18


日早晨





on the evening of 4th 4


日晚上





On the eve of their departure


they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech.


他们在临行前


夕举行了一次告别宴会,他们的团长发表了告别讲话。






12


、收音、农场,值日


on






例:


Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night?




您的导


师 喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗


?




I heard the news over (or on) the


radio.


我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。





taIk over the radio


由无线电播音





on TV


从电视里


......




hear something on the wireless


在无线电里听到





My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.


我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。





The students are working on a school farm.


学生们正在校办农场劳动。





This


is a farmer's house on a farm.


这是农场的农舍。





Who is on duty, tody?


今天


谁值日


?




We go on duty at 8 a.m.


我们上午


8


点钟 上班。







13



关于 、基础、靠、著论







: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.


今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。





Professor Shen will give us a talk


on travelling in America.


申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。





You are


wrong on all these issues.


在这些问题上你的看法都错了。





The belief is


based on practical experience.


这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。





Theory


must be based on practice.


理论必须以实践为基础。





The people in the south


live on rice.


南方人主食大米。


(



)




The citizens live on their salaries.


城市人


靠薪金生活。





You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a


month




靠月薪


100


元的收入,


你是买不起 奢侈品的。





Her pet dogs were fed



on the choicest food




她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。





He is just a scrounger,


who lives on other people.


他正是一个小偷,专靠损害别人过日子。





Keep


the kettle on the boil (=boiling).


让水壶的水一直开着。





The enemy are on the


run (=running).


敌人在逃跑。







on< /p>


后接


the


加上一个作名词的动词.其意 义与现在分词所表达的相近。



类似例子很多如:





on the march


在行军中,


on the mend


在好转中,


on the


prowl


徘徊,


on the move


活动中,


on the scrounge

< p>
巧取豪夺


(


埋语


)



on the go



跃,忙碌,


on the lookout


注意


,


警戒,


on the watch


监视着。


on the hop


趁不备


抓住某人等等。







on the People's Democratic Dictatorship <<


实践论


>>


<<


矛盾论


>>




on the


People's Democratic Dictatorship<<


论人民民主专政


>>





Gove rnment


论联合政府


>>






着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付,相反、准






注:口 诀中的





是指 着火,罢指罢工,偷指偷偷地,公指出差、办公事;假


指休假,准指准时。





例:


The house next to mine was on fire.


我邻居的房子


着火了。





The workers of the railway station were on strike.


铁路工人罢工了。





Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.


新疆葡萄和


西瓜大量上市了。





do something on the sly (quiet).


秘密地


(


暗地里,


偷偷地


)


做某事。< /p>





I've come here on business.


我是有公事来的。





They went to


Bern on a mission.


他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。





They has been away on


a long trip.


他们出去做一次长途旅行。





I'll go home on leave next month.



月我将休假回家。





I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave.


我是


公出去上海的,不是不告面别。





She came to see you on purpose.


她是专程


来看你的。





He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.


他到这来是要与


你讨论这件事的。





This lunch is on me.








这顿


午饭我付钱。






不,


还是各 付各的。





On the contrary, it was very easy


to understand.


相反,这事儿很容易理解。





P1ease come on time. (on



schedule).


请准时来。







注:


in time




及时



的意思。






The train arrived on schedule.


火车准时到达。







14< /p>



特定时间和




……




,左右


on


后动名词






例:


Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.


气体加热时膨胀,


冷却时收


缩。


(


特定时间< /p>


)




On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high


spirits.


一进屋,他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。





On reaching the city


he called up Lao Yang.


一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。





I'll write to him


on hearing from you.


我接到你的来信 就给他写信。


(



……



)




以及


on the


left, right


向左向右,


on the stair


在台阶上等。







15< /p>



步行、驴、马、玩笑


on



cab



carriag e



in





例:


On foot


步行


; on horse


骑马


; on donkey


骑驴。





He rode on, blood flowing


from his side.


他骑着马,鲜血从腰部流下来。





The soldier of the Eighth


Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit.


为赶上


部队,那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。





Go on horse back!


骑马去!





You are having me on!


你和我开玩笑呢


!






in cab



in carriage


不 能用


on



by cab



carrige






at


山脚 、


门口在当前,


速、温、日落价核心







即在山脚下、在门口、在目前,速度、以


……


速率、温度、在日落时、在


……


核心要用

at






例:


At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades.


在山脚下,


有我们


30

个同志。





There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill.


山脚下有一个美丽的湖。





At the gate of the house there are many children


playing glassball.


门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。





Who's standing there at


the door?


谁站在门口


?




I don't need the dictionary at present.


我现在还不需


要这本词典。





He is at present in Washington.


他目前正在华盛顿。





The



train runs at fifty kilometres an hour.


火车每小时行驶


50


公里。

< p>




we built the


plant at top speed and minimun cost.


我们以最低的投资,


最高的速度修建了该工


厂。





at home


在国内,在家里





at ten degrees centigrade


在摄氏


10






at minus ten degrees centigrade


摄氏零下


10






Water freezes at 0°


centigrade.


水在镊氏零度结冰。





Water usually boils at 100°


.


水通常在摄氏


loo


度沸赐。





at zero


在零度





at the rate of 45 miles an hour




at full speed


全速





at


a good price


高价





at a low cost


低成本





at a great cost


花了很大代价





at that time


在当时





Evaporation takes place at all tempertures.


蒸发在任何温


度下都能发生。





at 1000RPM (revolution per minute)


每分钟


1 000






at


a high speed


高速





The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset.


战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。





at daybreak


日出时





The force at


the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party.


领导我们事业


的核心力量是中国共产党。





The atom has a nucleus at its core.


在原子的中


心有一个原于核。





At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our


class was very strict with us.



用适当的介词填空



1.



2.



3.



4.



5.



6.



7.



8.



9.



10.



11.



12.



13.



14.



15.



16.



17.



The man











blue



is Jack’s father.



Who’ the girl










small mouth?


You shouldn’t walk









the grass.


Look, Nancy is sitting








her father and mother.


You must stay away








the house.


Now, I know a lot








insects.


My little brother always has a lot









questions.


We’re very happy










school.


Keep







the grass,please.


Jim is in Row 4.I sit








him


Let’s hurry, we’re late










the class.


Liu Tao is passing the ball








David.


Who’s the woman










the red scarf?


Our classroom is








the teachers’office



Look







the picture. Who is the girl






the man and the woman.


Can you read the number








one







ten?


Go







the street,turn right at the first crossing.



18.



19.



20.



21.



22.



23.



24.



25.



26.



27.



28.



What can you see








the tree?



Some peaches


Mr Wang is ill. He’s









home


Here’s a letter







Fang Ming. Let me read it to you.


My skirts are








the sofa



This is a photo






my family



Can I go






you?


The girl








green is my aunt.


There are some bikes






the big tree.


Put your umbrella







the door.


The post office is






the bank of China


I can see a sofa






the desk and the fridge.



介词填空



1 the first day ________ school 2 ________ the school playground



3 _________ classes


4 _________ Wednesday


5 __________ a farm 6 pull _________ carrots


7 a lot _______ fruit trees


8 live _________ a town



9 ________ the weekends12 look _______ them


10 _________ the sitting room 11 ________ the 4


th


______ November



13 _________ the playground 14 _______ the school hall


15 ________ New Year16 talk _______ his students _______ holidays


17 _________ Christmas Day18 have a big lunch _________ my family


19 dress _______ _________ costumes24 __________ Mum and Dad.


20 _________ September or October 21


________ his grandpa’s house



22 _________ the Christmas tree 23 ________ me 30 a book ________ holidays


25 _________ English 26 ________ Christmas 27 play ________ lanterns


28 ________ Christmas Day 29 the names _______ the day



小学六年级英语介词练习




1


.用介词或副词填空






He is good ________ swimming.

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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