-
2018
年
6
月英语六
级考试真题及答案解析和听力原文
(
第
2
套
)
2018
年
6
月英语六级考试真题
(
第
2
套
)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are
allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the
importance of
building trust between
teachers and students. You can cite examples to
illustrate your views. You
should write
at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30
minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
will
hear
two
long
conversations.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation,
you
will
hear
four
questions.
Both
the
conversation
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
question,
you
must
choose
the
best
answer
from
the
four
choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a
single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
1. A)
She advocates animal protection.
B) She
sells a special kind of coffee.
2. A)
They bear a lot of similarities.
B) They are a profitable business
sector.
C) She is going to start a café
chain.
D) She is the owner of a special
café.
C) They cater to different
customers.
D) They help take care of
customers' pets.
3. A) By giving them
regular cleaning and injections.
B) By
selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful.
C) By placing them at a safe distance
from customers.
D) By briefing
customers on how to get along with them.
4. A) They want to learn about rabbits.
B) They like to bring in
their children.
C) They love the
animals in her café.
D) They give her
café favorite reviews.
Questions 5 to 8
are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) It contains too many additives.
B) It lacks the essential
vitamins.
C) It can cause obesity.
D) It is mostly garbage.
6.
A) Its fancy design.
B) TV commercials.
C) Its taste and texture.
D) Peer influence.
7. A)
Investing heavily in the production of sweet
foods.
B) Marketing their products with
ordinary ingredients.
C) Trying to
trick children into buying their products.
D) Offering children more varieties to
choose from.
8. A) They hardly ate
vegetables.
B) They seldom
had junk food.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will
hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you
will
hear three or four questions. Both
the passage and the questions will be spoken only
once. After
you hear a question, you
must choose the best answer from the four choices
marked A), B), C)
and
D).
Then
mark
the
corresponding
letter
on
Answer
Sheet
1
with
a
single
line
through
the
centre.
Questions 9 to 11
are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) Stretches of farmland.
B) Typical Egyptian animal
farms.
C) Tombs of ancient rulers.
D) Ruins left by devastating floods.
C) They favored chocolate-coated
sweets.
D) They liked the food
advertised on TV.
10. A) It provides
habitats for more primitive tribes.
B)
It is hardly associated with great civilizations.
C) It has not yet been fully explored
and exploited.
D) It gathers water from
many tropical rain forests.
11. A) It
carries about one fifth of the world's fresh
water.
B) It has numerous human
settlements along its banks.
C) It is
second only to the Mississippi River in width.
D) It is as long as the Nile and the
Yangtze combined.
Questions 12 to 15
are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. A) Living a life in the fast lane
leads to success.
B) We are always in a
rush to do various things.
C) The
search for tranquility has become a trend.
D) All of us actually yearn for a slow
and calm life.
13. A) She had trouble
balancing family and work. C) She was accustomed
to tight schedules.
B) She enjoyed the
various social events.
D) She spent
all her leisure time writing books.
14.
A) The possibility of ruining her family.
B)Becoming aware of her declining
health.
C) The fatigue from living a
fast-paced life.
D) Reading a book
about slowing down.
15. A) She started
to follow the cultural norms.
C) She learned to use more
polite expressions.
B) She came to
enjoy doing everyday tasks.
D) She stopped using to-do
lists and calendars.
Section C
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
will
hear
three
recordings
of
lectures
or
talks
followed
by
three
or four questions. The recordings will be played
only once. After you hear a question, you
must
choose
the
best
answer
from
the
four
choices
marked
A),
B),
C)
and
D).
Then
mark
the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the
recording you have just heard.
16. A)
They will root out native species altogether.
B) They
contribute to a region's biodiversity.
C) They pose a threat to the local
ecosystem.
D) They will crossbreed with
native species.
17. A) Their
classifications are meaningful.
B) Their interactions are hard to
define.
C) Their definitions are
changeable.
D) Their distinctions are
artificial.
18. A) Only a few of them
cause problems to native species.
B)
They may turn out to benefit the local
environment.
C) Few of them can survive
in their new habitats.
D) Only 10
percent of them can be naturalized.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the
recording you have just heard.
19. A)
Respect their traditional culture.
B) Attend their business seminars.
C) Research their specific demands.
D) Adopt the right business strategies.
20. A) Showing them your palm.
C) Drinking alcohol on
certain days of a month.
B) Giving them
gifts of great value.
D) Clicking
your fingers loudly in their presence.
21. A) They are very easy to satisfy.
B) They have a strong sense of worth.
C) They tend to be friendly and
enthusiastic.
D) They have a break from
2:00 to 5:30 p.m.
Questions 22 to 25
are based on the recording you have just heard.
22. A) He completely changed the
company's culture.
B) He collected
paintings by world-famous artists.
C)
He took over the sales department of Reader's
Digest.
D) He had the company's
boardroom extensively renovated.
23. A)
It should be sold at a reasonable price.
B) Its articles should be short and
inspiring.
C) It should be published in
the world's leading languages.
D) Its
articles should entertain blue- and pink-collar
workers.
24. A) He knew how to make the
magazine profitable.
B) He served as a
church minister for many years.
C) He
suffered many setbacks and misfortunes in his
life.
D) He treated the employees like
members of his family.
25. A) It
carried many more advertisements.
C) Several hundred of its employees got
fired.
B) George Grune joined it as an
ad salesman.
D)
Its subscriptions increased considerably.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40
minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a
passage with ten blanks. You are required to
select one
word for each blank from a
list of choices given in a word bank following the
passage. Read the
passage through
carefully before making your choices. Each choice
in the bank is identified by a
letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item
on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any
of the words in the bank more than once.
Did
Sarah
Josepha
Hale
write
Little
Lamb,
the
eternal
nursery
rhyme
(
儿歌
)
about
a
girl
named
Mary
with
a
stubborn
lamb?
This
is
still
disputed,
but
it's
clear
that
the
woman
__26
for writing it was one of
America's most fascinating
27
.
In honor of the
poem's publication on
May 24, 1830, here's more about the
28
author's life.
Hale
wasn't
just
a
writer,
she
was
also
a
29
social
advocate,
and
she
was
particularly
__30
with
an
ideal
New
England,
which
she
associated
with
abundant
Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had
She
began a nationwide
__31
to have a national holiday declared
that would bring families together while
celebrating
the
32
festivals.
In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy
including letters to five presidents, Hale got it.
President
Abraham
Lincoln,
during
the
Civil
War,
issued
a
33
setting
aside
the
last
Thursday
in
November for the holiday.
The
true
authorship
of
Little
Lamb
is
disputed.
According
to
the
New
England
Historical Society, Hale wrote only
part of the poem, but claimed authorship.
Regardless of the
author, it seems that
the poem was
34
by a real event.
When
young
Mary
Sawyer
was
followed
to
school
by
a
lamb
in
1816,
it
caused
some
problems.
A
bystander
named
John
Roulstone
wrote
a
poem
about
the
event,
then,
at
some
point, Hale herself seems to have
helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her
great-niece is to
be
trusted,
Hale
claimed
for
the
35
of
her
life
that
other
people
pretended
that
someone else wrote the
poem
A) campaign
B) career
C)
characters
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are
going to read a passage with ten statements
attached to it.
Each statement contains
information given in one of the paragraphs.
Identify the paragraph from
which the
information is derived. You may choose a paragraph
more than once. Each paragraph is
marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet
2.
Grow Plants
Without Water
[A]
Ever
since
humanity
began
to
farm
our
own
food,
we
’
ve
faced
the
unpredictable
rain
that is both friend and enemy.
It comes and goes without
much warning,
and a field
of lush
(
茂盛的
)
leafy greens one year can dry up and blow away the
next. Food security and fortunes
depend
on sufficient rain, and nowhere more so than in
Africa, where 96% of farmland depends
on rain instead of the irrigation
common in more developed places. It has
consequences: South
Africa's ongoing
drought
—
the worst in three
decades
—
will cost at least a
quarter of its corn crop
this year.
[B] Biologist Jill Farrant of the
University of Cape Town in South Africa says that
nature has
plenty of answers for people
who want to grow crops in places with
unpredictable rainfall. She is
hard at
work finding a way to take traits from rare wild
plants that adapt to extreme dry weather
and
use
them
in
food
crops.
As
the
earth's
climate
changes
and
rainfall
becomes
even
less
predictable in some places, those
answers will grow even more valuable.
aiming for is literally so that people
can survive as it's going to get more and more
dry,
D) features
E) fierce
F) inspired
G) latter
H)
obsessed
I) proclamation
J) rectified
K) reputed
L) rest
M) supposed
N)
traditional
O) versatile
says.
[C]
Extreme
conditions
produce
extremely
tough
plants.
In
the
rusty
red
deserts
of
South
Africa,
steep-sided rocky hills called inselbergs rear up
from the plains like the bones of the earth.
The hills are remnants of an earlier
geological era, scraped bare of most soil and
exposed to the
elements. Yet on these
and similar formations in deserts around the
world, a few fierce plants
have adapted
to endure under ever-changing conditions.
[D]Farrant calls them resurrection
plants (
复苏植物
). During months
without water under a
harsh
sun,
they
wither,
shrink
and
contract
until
they
look
like
a
pile
of
dead
gray
leaves.
But
rainfall
can
revive
them
in
a
matter
of
hours.
Her
time-
lapse
(
间歇性拍摄的
)
videos
of
the
revivals look like someone playing a
tape of the plant's death in reverse.
[E]The big difference between
Many different kinds of plants have
developed tactics to weather dry spells. Some
plants store
reserves of water to see
them through a drought; others send roots deep
down to subsurface
water
supplies.
But
once
these
plants
use
up
their
stored
reserve
or
tap
out
the
underground
supply, they
cease growing and start to die. They may be able
to handle a drought of some length,
and
many people use the term
stop needing
to consume water, so Farrant prefers to call them
drought resistant.
[F]Resurrection
plants,
defined
as
those
capable
of
recovering
from
holding
less
than
0.1
grams of
water per gram of dry mass, are different. They
lack water-storing structures, and their
existence
on
rock
faces
prevents
them
from
tapping
groundwater,
so
they
have
instead
developed
the
ability
to
change
their
metabolism.
When
they
detect
an
extended
dry
period,
they divert their
metabolisms, producing sugars and certain stress-
associated proteins and other
materials
in their tissues. As the plant dries, these
resources take on first the properties of honey,
then rubber, and finally enter a glass-
like state that is
maintain,
plants also change
shape, shrinking to minimize the surface area
through which their remaining
water
might evaporate. They can recover from months and
years without water, depending on
the
species.
[G] What else can do this dry-
out-and-revive trick?
Seeds
—
almost all of them. At
the start of
her
career,
Farrant
studied
seeds
(
顽拗性种子
),
such
as
avocados,
coffee
and
lychee. While tasty,
such seeds are delicate
—
they
cannot bud and grow if they dry out (as you
may know if you've ever tried to grow a
tree from an avocado pit). In the seed world, that
makes
them rare, because most seeds
from flowering plants are quite robust. Most seeds
can wait out
the
dry,
unwelcoming
seasons
until
conditions
are right
and
they
sprout
(
发芽
).
Yet
once
they
start growing, such plants seem not to
retain the ability to hit the pause button on
metabolism in
their stems or leaves.
[H] After completing her Ph. D. on
seeds, Farrant began investigating whether it
might be
possible
to
isolate
the
properties
that
make
most
seeds
so
resilient
(
迅速恢复活力的
)
and
transfer
them
to
other
plant
tissues.
What
Farrant
and
others
have
found
over
the
past
two
decades is that there
are many genes involved in resurrection plants'
response to dryness. Many
of them are
the same that regulate how seeds become dryness-
tolerant while still attached to
their
parent plants. Now they are trying to figure out
what molecular signaling processes activate
those
seed-building
genes
in
resurrection
plants
—
and how
to reproduce
them
in crops.
genes
are regulated by a master set of
genes,
and what would be their master
switch.
[I] Once Farrant and her
colleagues feel they have a better sense of which
switches to throw,
they
will
have
to
find
the
best
way
to
do
so
in
useful
crops.
trying
three
methods
of
breeding,
Farrant
says:
conventional,
genetic
modification
and
gene
editing.
She
says
she
is
aware
that
plenty
of
people
do
not
want
to eat
genetically
modified
crops, but
she
is
pushing
ahead
with
every
available
tool
until
one
works.
Farmers
and
consumers
alike
can
choose
whether or not to use whichever version
prevails
：
[J] Farrant and others in
the resurrection business got together last year
to discuss the best
species of
resurrection plant to use as a lab model. Just
like medical researchers use rats to test
ideas for human medical treatments,
botanists use plants that are relatively easy to
grow in a lab
or greenhouse setting to
test their ideas for related species. The
Queensland rock violet is one of
the
best studied resurrection plants so far, with a
draft genome (
基因图谱
)
published last year by
a
Chinese
team. Also
last
year,
Farrant
and
colleagues
published
a
detailed
molecular
study
of
another
candidate, Xerophyta
viscosa,
a
tough-
as-nail
South
African
plant
with
lily-
like
flowers,
and she says
that a genome is on the way. One or both of these
models will help researchers test
their
ideas
—
so far mostly done in
the lab
—
on test plots.
[K] Understanding the basic science
first is key. There are good reasons why crop
plants do
not
use
dryness
defenses
already.
For
instance,
there's
a
high
energy
cost
in
switching
from
a
regular
metabolism to an almost-no-water metabolism. It
will also be necessary to understand
what
sort
of
yield
farmers might
expect
and
to
establish
the
plant's
safety.
yield
is
never
going
to
be
high,
Farrant
says,
so
these
plants
will
be
targeted
not
at
Iowa
farmers
trying
to
squeeze
more cash out of high-yield fields, but
subsistence farmers who need help to survive a
drought like the present one in South
Africa.
says.
are a couple
of plants tough and adaptable enough to survive on
bare rocky hills
and in deserts.
37. Farrant is trying to isolate genes
in resurrection plants and reproduce them in
crops.
38. Farmers in South Africa are
more at the mercy of nature, especially
inconsistent rainfall.
ection crops are
most likely to be the choice of subsistence
farmers.
though many plants have
developed various tactics to cope with dry
weather, they
cannot survive a
prolonged drought.
e consumer
resistance, researchers are pushing ahead with
genetic modification of
crops.
seeds can pull through dry spells and
begin growing when conditions are ripe, but
once this process starts, it cannot be
held back.
t
is
working
hard
to
cultivate
food
crops
that
can
survive
extreme
dryness
by
studying the traits of rare wild
plants.
adjusting their metabolism,
resurrection plants can recover from an extended
period
of drought.
45.
Resurrection plants can come back to life in a
short time after a rainfall.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in
this section. Each passage is followed by some
questions
or unfinished statements. For
each of them there are four choices marked A), B),
C) and D). You
should decide on the
best choice and mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the
following passage.
Human memory is
notoriously unreliable. Even people with the
sharpest facial-recognition
skills can
only remember so much.
It's tough to
quantify how good a person is at remembering. No
one really knows how many
different
faces
someone
can
recall,
for
example,
but
various
estimates
tend
to
hover
in
the
thousands
—
based
on the number of acquaintances a person might
have.
Machines aren't limited this way.
Give the right computer a massive database of
faces, and it
can
process
what
it
sees
—
then
recognize
a
face
it's
told
to
find
—
with
remarkable
speed
and
precision. This skill is
what supports the enormous promise of facial-
recognition software in the
21st
century. It's also what makes contemporary
surveillance systems so scary.
The
thing
is,
machines
still
have
limitations
when
it
comes
to
facial
recognition.
And
scientists are only just beginning to
understand what those constraints are. To begin to
figure out
how
computers
are
struggling,
researchers
at
the
University
of
Washington
created
a
massive
database of
faces
—
they call it
MegaFace
—
and tested a
variety of facial-recognition algorithms
(
算法
)
as
they
scaled
up
in
complexity.
The
idea
was
to
test
the
machines
on
a
database
that
included up to 1 million different
images of nearly 700,000 different
people
—
and not just a large
database featuring a relatively small
number of different faces, more consistent with
what's been
used in other research.
As
the
databases
grew,
machine
accuracy
dipped
across
the
board.
Algorithms
that
were
right 95% of the time
when they were dealing with a 13,000-image
database, for example, were
accurate
about 70% of the time when confronted with 1
million images. That's still pretty good,
says one of the researchers, Ira
Kemelmacher-Shlizerman.
said.
Machines also had difficulty adjusting
for people who look a lot
alike
—
either doppelgangers
(
长相极相似的人
), whom
the machine would have trouble identifying as two
separate people,
or the same person who
appeared in different photos at different ages or
in different lighting,
whom the machine
would incorrectly view as separate people.
we
scale
up,
algorithms
must
be
sensitive
to
tiny
changes
in
identities
and
at
the
same time
invariant to lighting, pose, age,
The
trouble is, for many of the researchers who'd like
to design systems to address these
challenges, massive datasets for
experimentation just don't
exist
—
at least, not in
formats that are
accessible
to
academic
researchers.
Training
sets
like
the
ones
Google
and
Facebook
have
are
private. There are no public databases
that contain millions of faces. MegaFace's
creators say it's
the largest publicly
available facial-recognition dataset out there.
the researchers wrote.
46. Compared with human memory,
machines can ________.
A) identify
human faces more efficiently
C) store an unlimited
number of human faces
B) tell a friend
from a mere acquaintance
D)
perceive images invisible to the human eye
47. Why did researchers create
MegaFace?
A) To enlarge the volume of
the facial-recognition database.
B) To
increase the variety of facial-recognition
software.
C) To understand computers'
problems with facial recognition.
D) To
reduce the complexity of facial-recognition
algorithms.
48. What does the passage
say about machine accuracy?
A) It falls
short of researchers' expectations.
C) It varies
greatly with different algorithms.
B)
It improves with added computing power.
D) It decreases
as the database size increases.
49.
What is said to be a shortcoming-of facial-
recognition machines?
A) They cannot
easily tell apart people with near-identical
appearances.
B) They have difficulty
identifying changes in facial expressions.
C) They are not sensitive to minute
changes in people's mood.
D) They have
problems distinguishing people of the same age.
50. What is the difficulty confronting
researchers of facial-recognition machines?
A) No computer is yet able to handle
huge datasets of human faces.
B) There
do not exist public databases with sufficient face
samples.
C) There are no appropriate
algorithms to process the face samples.
D) They have trouble converting face
datasets into the right format.
Passage
Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the
following passage.
There're currently
21.5 million students in America, and many will be
funding their college
on borrowed
money. Given that there's now over $$1.3 trillion
in student loans on the books, it's
pretty
clear
that
many
students
are
far
from
sensible.
The
average
student's
debt
upon
graduation now approaches $$40,000, and
as college becomes ever more expensive, calls to
make
it
barrier.
But
the
only
way
college
could
be
free
is
if
the
faculty
and
staff
donated
their
time,
the
buildings required no maintenance, and
campuses required no utilities. As long as it's
impossible
to produce something from
nothing, costs are absolutely a barrier.
The actual question we debate is who
should pay for people to go to college. If
taxpayers are
to bear the cost of
forgiving student loans, shouldn't they have a say
in how their money is used?
At least
taxpayers should be able to decide what students
will study on the public dime. If
we're
going
to
force
taxpayers
to
foot
the
bill
for
college
degrees,
students
should
only
study
those
subjects
that're
of
greatest
benefit
to
taxpayers.
After
all,
students
making
their
own
choices in this respect is what caused
the problem in the first place. We simply don't
need more
poetry,
gender
studies,
or
sociology
majors.
How
do
we
know
which
subjects
benefit
society?
Easy.
Average starting salaries give a clear
indication of what type of training society needs
its new
workers
to
have.
Certainly,
there're
benefits
to
a
college
major
beyond
the
job
a
student
can
perform. But if we're
talking about the benefits to society, the only
thing that matters is what the
major
enables the student to produce for society. And
the value of what the student can produce
is reflected in the wage employers are
willing to pay the student to produce it.
A low wage for elementary school
teachers, however, doesn't mean elementary
education
isn't important. It simply
means there're too many elementary school teachers
already.
Meanwhile,
there're
few
who're
willing
and
able
to
perform
jobs
requiring
a
petroleum
engineering major,
so the value of one more of those people is very
high.
So
we
can
have
taxpayers
pick
up
students'
tuition
in
exchange
for
dictating
what
those
students
will
study.
Or
we
can
allow
students
both
to
choose
their
majors
and
pay
for
their
education themselves. But in the end,
one of two things is true:
Either a
college major is worth its cost or it isn't. If
yes, taxpayer financing isn't needed. If not,
taxpayer
financing
isn't
desirable.
Either
way,
taxpayers
have
no
business
paying
for
students'
college education.
51. What
does the author think of college students funding
their education through loans?
A) They
only expect to get huge returns.
B) They are acting in an irrational
way.
C) They benefit at taxpayers'
expense.
D) They will regret doing so
someday.
52. In the author's opinion,
free college education is ________.
A)
impractical
B) unsustainable
C) a goal to
strive for
D) a way to social equality
53. What should students do if
taxpayers are to bear their college costs?
A) Work even harder to repay society.
B) Choose their subjects more
carefully.
C) Choose majors that will
serve society's practical needs.
D)
Allow taxpayers to participate in college
administration.
54. What does the
author say about the value of a student's college
education?
A) It is underestimated by
profit-seeking employers.
B) It is to
be proved by what they can do on the job.
C) It is well reflected in their
average starting salary.
D) It is
embodied in how they remove social barriers.
55. What message does the author want
to convey in the passage?
A) Students
should think carefully whether to go to college.
B) Taxpayers should only finance the
most gifted students.
C) The worth of a
college education is open to debate.
D)
College students should fund their own education.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions:
For
this
part, you
are
allowed 30
minutes
to
translate
a
passage
from Chinese
into English. You should write your
answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国目前拥有世界上最大最快
的高速铁路网。
高铁列车的运行速度还将继续提升，
更多
的城市将修建高铁站。
高铁大大缩短了人们出行的时间。
相对飞机而言，
高铁列车的突出优
势在于准时，因为
基本不受天气或交通管制的影响。高铁极大地改变了中国人的生活方式。
如今，
它已经成了很多人商务旅行的首选交通工具。
越来越多的人也在假日乘高
铁外出旅游。
还有不少年轻人选择在一个城市工作而在邻近城市居住，每天乘高铁上下班
。
2018
年
6
月英语六级考试答案解析
(
第
2
套
)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
【
作文范文
】
It is universally acknowledged that
trust is one of the most valuable assets for
interpersonal
communication. A
mutually-trusted relation between a teacher and a
student is important for
both learning
and teaching.
To
begin
with,
knowledge
is
objective,
but
learning
is
relatively
subjective.
only
when
a
student believes in his or her teacher,
he or she is willing to learn from the teacher or
look to the
teacher
for
guidance
and
support.
In
reality,
I
have
seen
too
many
students
like or
dislike
one
subject only because they like or
dislike the teacher who is in charge of that
subject, especially for
those
who
are young.
Besides,
a
teacher
who
has
the
full
trust
of
his
or
her
students
is
more
motivated
to
help
them
improve
the
consciousness
and
initiative
of
learning,
which
in
turn
benefits
the
students
most.
I
was
one
example
to
illustrate
that,
I
did
very
well
in
maths
in
primary
school
because
my
maths
teacher
believe
that
I
was
the
most
talented
student
who
followed him.
All in all, a
trustful teacher-student relationship is a must to
achieve effective teaching and
learning
, whereby the education development in our country
could have a further step.
【
作文译文
】
人们普遍认为信任是人际交往中最宝贵的财富之一。
老师和学生
之间相互信任的关系对
学习和教学都很重要。
首先，
知识是客观的，但学习是相对主观的。
只有当学
生相信他或她的老师时，他或她
才愿意向老师学习或向老师寻求指导和支持。
事实上，
我见过太多的学生喜欢或不喜欢一门
课，
只是因为他们喜欢或不喜欢负责这门课的老师，尤其是那些年轻人。此外，一个拥有学
生
充分信任的教师更有动力帮助他们提高学习的意识和主动性，
这反过来对学生最有利。<
/p>
我
就是一个例子来说明这一点，
我在小学
的数学成绩很好，
因为我的数学老师认为我是跟随他
的最有天赋
的学生。
总之，
建立信任的师生关系
是实现有效教学和学习的必要条件，
也是我国教育发展的进
一步
要求。
【
作文解析
】
第一段、提出问题：描述信任的重要性引出话题。
作文第一段第一句话“
It is universally
acknowledged that trust is one of the most
valuable
assets for interpersonal commu
nication.
”意思是“人们普遍认为信任是人际交往中最宝贵的
财富之一。
”
引出话题，
第二
句话
“
A mutually-trusted
relation between a teacher and a student
is important for both learning and teac
hing.
”意思是“老师和学生之间相互信任的关系对学习
和
教学都很重要。
”强调了建立信任的重要性。
第二段、分析问题：为什么建立老师和学生之间的信任是如此重要？
作文第二段第一、二句话“
To begin with,
knowledge is objective, but learning is relatively
subjective. only when a student
believes in his or her teacher, he or she is
willing to learn from
the teacher or
look to the teacher for guidance and support.
”意思是“首先，知识是客观的，
但学习是相对主观的。
< br>只有当学生相信他或她的老师时，
他或她才愿意向老师学习或向老师
寻求指导和支持。
”首先从学生方面说明信任的重要性；第三句话“
In reality, I have seen too
many
students like or dislike one subject only because
they like or dislike the teacher who is in
charge of that subject, especially for
those who are young.
”意思是“事实上，我见过太多的学
生喜欢或不喜欢一门课，只是因为他们喜欢或不喜欢负责这门课的老师，尤其是那些年轻
人。
”
举例说明对老师的信任会对学生产生的
影响；
第四句话
“
Besides,
a teacher who has the
full trust of his
or her students is more motivated to help them
improve the consciousness and
initiative of learning, which in turn
benefits the students most.
”意思是“此外，一个拥有
学生
充分信任的教师更有动力帮助他们提高学习的意识和主动性，这反过来对学生最有利
。
”从
老师方面说明信任的重要性；第五句话“
I was one example to illustrate that, I did
very well in
maths in primary school
because my maths teacher believe that I was the
most talented student
who followed him.
”意思是“我就是一个例子来说明这一点，我在小学的数学成绩很好，因
为我的数学老师认为我是跟随他的最有天赋的学生。
”
举例说明老师和学生相互信任的作用，
进一步强调建立信任的重要性。
< br>
第三段、说明信任对师生及教育发展的意义。
作文第三段“
All in all, a trustful
teacher-student relationship is a must to achieve
effective
teaching and learning ,
whereby the education development in our country
could have a further
step.
”意
思是“总之，建立信任的师生关系是实现有效教学和学习的必要条件，也是我国教
育发展
的进一步要求。
”
Part II
Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Conversation One
1.
【
答案
】
D) She is
the owner of a special café.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，先找
出四个选项的中心词“
advocates
（提倡）
/
animal
protection
（动物保护）
”
，
“
sells
（卖）
/a
special kind of coffee
（一种特殊的咖啡）
< br>”
，
“
start
（开
办）
/a café chain
（一家连锁咖啡店）
”
，
“
owner
（物主，所有人）
/a
special café
（一家特殊的
咖啡馆）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。再根据题干“
What do we learn
about
the
woman?
”意思是“关于
这个女士我们了解到了什么
?
”的问题定位到听力对话中
第一句男士说的话
“
Tonight we
have a special guest from a local establishment,
the Parisian Café.
Welcome!
”
意思是“今晚我们有一位来自当地企业巴黎咖啡馆的特邀嘉宾。
欢迎！
”再联
系下文听力对话中第三句男士说的话“
Thank you for joining us. So please tell
us, why did you
decide to open a café?<
/p>
”意思是“谢谢你加入我们。那么，请告诉我们，你为什么决定开一
家咖啡馆？”
可知这个女士是咖啡馆的老板；
选项
D) She is the owner of a special café.
（
她是
一家特殊的咖啡馆的老板。
< br>）
，符合听力原文的语义，故选
D)
；其他三个选项：选项
A)
She
advocates animal protection.
（
她提倡动物保护。
）
，
选项
B) She sells a special kind of c
offee.
（
她
卖一种特殊的咖啡。
）
和选项
C) She is
going to start a café chain.
（她打算开一家连锁咖啡
店。
）
，
原文中均未提及，故排除。<
/p>
2.
【
答案<
/p>
】
A) They bear a lot of
similarities.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，先找出四个选
项的中心词“
a lot of similarities
（
有许多
相似之处）
”
，
“
a profitable business sector
（
一个盈利的商业部门）
”
，
“
cater
to
（迎合）
/ different
customers
（不同的顾客）
”
，
take care of customers' pets
（照顾顾客的宠物）
”
，听录音时着重
听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。再根据题干“
What does the
woman say about Cafés in her
city?
”
意思是
“这位女士对她所在城市的咖啡馆有什么
看法？”
中的关键词
“
Cafés
”
和
“
city<
/p>
”
定位到听力对话中第四句女士说的话“
Cafés
certainly
are
a
very
competitive
market
sector.
There are more than
plenty in our city, and we felt they are all
rather similar to each other.
”意思
是
“咖啡馆当然是一个非常有竞争力的市场部门。
在我
们的城市里有很多，
我们觉得他们都
很相似。
< br>”选项
A) They bear a lot of similaritie
s.
（它们有很多相似之处。
）中的“
similarities
”
与听力对话中第四句女士说的话中
的“
similar
”属于同义转换，符合听力原文的语义，故
选
A)
；其他三个选项：选项
B)
They are a profitable business sector.
（
他们是一个盈利的商业部
门。
）
，选项
C) They cater to different customers.
（他们迎合不同的顾客。
）
和选项
D) They help
take care of
customers' pets.
（他们帮助照顾顾客的宠物。
）
，原文中均未提及，故排除。
3
.
【
答案
】
A
) By giving them regular cleaning and injections.
【
解析
】
细节
题。
在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“
cleaning
（清洁）
/ injections
（
注射）
”
，
“
breeds
（品种）
/
tame
（驯服的）
/ peaceful
（
爱好和平的）
”
，
“
a safe distance from
c
ustomers
（远离顾客的安全距离）
”
< br>，
briefing
（向……介绍基本情况）
/customers
（顾客）
/get
along
with
（与…和睦相处
）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。再根据题
干
“
How does the Parisian Café
guarantee that its rabbits pose no health threat?<
/p>
”
意思是
“巴黎咖
啡馆如何保证它的兔子对健康没有威胁？”中的关键词“
health
”定位到听力对话中第十句
女士说的话“
Furthe
rmore, our rabbits are regularly cleaned and have
all received the required
shots. So
there is no health risk whatsoever.
”意思是
“此外，我们的兔子定期清洗，并已接受
所需的注射。所以没有任何健康风险。
”选项
A) By giving them regular
cleaning and injections.
（定期进行清洁和注射。
）中的“
regular
”与听力对话中第十句
女士说的话中的“
regularly
”
属于同义转换，
“
cleaning
”与听力对话中第十句女士说的话中的“
cleaned
”属于
同义转换，
“
injections
”
与听力对话中第十句女士说的话中的“
shots
”属于同义替换，符合听力原文
的语义，故选
A)
；其他三个选项：选项
B) By
selecting breeds that are tame and peaceful.
（选
择温顺平和的品种。
）
是混淆项，
从听力短文第十句女士说的话
“
Rabbits are very peaceful and
certainly do not bite.
”意思是“兔
子很平和，不会咬人的。
”可知兔子温顺平和，但短文中未
提及
选择，故排除；选项
C) By placing them at a safe
distance from customers.
（把它们放在离
< br>顾客安全的距离上。
）
，
原文中
均未提及，
故排除；
选项
D) By
briefing customers on how to get
along
with them.
（向顾客介绍如何与他们相处。
）是混淆
项，从听力短文第十句女士说的话
“
On the
contrary, the Parisian Café, offers a great
experience for children, a chance for them to
learn about rabbits and how to take
care of them.
”意思是“相反，巴黎咖啡厅为孩子们提供
了很好的体验，让他们有机会了解兔子以及如何照顾它们。
”可知咖啡馆为孩子
们提供了很
好的体验，但不是向顾客介绍，故排除。
4.
【
答案
】
C) They love the animals in her café.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“
learn about r
abbits
（了解兔
子）
”
，
“
bring
in
（带进来）
/ children
（孩子）
”
，
“
love
（喜欢）
/animals
（动物）
”
，
“
café
（咖
啡馆）
/
favorite
reviews
（
最受欢迎的评论）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行
判
断。再根据题干“
What does the woman
say about their customers?
”意思是“这位女士怎么
评价他们的顾客？”的问题定位到听力对话中第十句女士说的话“
A
s for our customers, they
are all
animal lovers, so they would never try to hurt the
rabbits.
”意思是“至于我们的顾客，
他们都是动物爱
好者，
所以他们永远不会伤害兔子。
”
选项
C) They love the animals in her café.
（他们喜欢她咖啡馆里的动物。
）中的“
love
the
animals
”与听力对话中第十句女士说的话
中的“
animal lov
ers
”属于同义替换，符合听力原文的语义，故选
C)
；其他三个选项：选项
A)
They
want
to
learn
about
rabbits.
（他们
想了解兔子。
）
，选项
B)
They
like
to
bring
in
their
children.
（他们喜欢带孩子来。
）和选项
D) They give her café favorite revi
ews.
（他们给她的咖
啡馆最喜欢的评论。
< br>）
，原文中均未提及，故排除。
Conversation Two
5.
【
答案
】
D) It is mostly garbage.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，先找出四个选
项的中心词“
contains
（包含，
contain
的
第三人称单数形式）
/additives
（添加剂，
additive
的名词复数
）
”
，
“
lacks
（缺乏，
缺少，
lack
的第三人称单数）
/ vit
amins
（维生素，
vitamin
的名词复数）
”
，
“
< br>cause
（导致）
/ obesity
（肥
胖）
”
，
“
garbage
（垃圾）
”
，
听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据题干
“
What
do the speakers say about the food
their children like?
”
意思是
“说话者怎么评价他们孩子喜欢
的食物？”中的关键词“
the food their children like
”及问题定位到
听力对话中第三句男士说
的话“
I don't know
about yours, but mine are all about junk food.
”意思是“我不了解你的孩
子们，但我的孩子们都喜欢垃圾食品。
”再联系下文听力对话中第四句女士说的话“
My
children are the same.
”
意思是
“我的孩子们也是这样。
”
可知女士的孩子们也喜欢垃圾食品；
选项
D) It
is mostly garbage.
（大部分是垃圾。
）中
的“
garbage
”与听力对话中第三句男士说
的话中的“
junk
”属于同义替换，符合听力原文
的语义，故选
D)
；其他三个选项：选项
A) It
contains too many additives.
（它含有太多的添加剂。
）
，选项
B) It lacks the essential vitamins.
（它缺乏必需的维生素。
）
和选项
C
) It can cause obesity.
（它可以导致肥胖。
）
，
原文中均未提
及，故排除
。
6.
【
答
案
】
B) TV commercials.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，
先看四个选项：
“
< br>Its fancy design.
（它奇特的设计。
）
”
，
“
TV
commercials.<
/p>
（电视广告。
）
”
，
“
Its
taste
and
texture.
（它的味道
和质地。
）
”
，
“
Peer
influence.
（同伴的影响。
）
”
，
听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据
题干
“
According to
the speakers, what affects children's
choice of food most?
”意思是“根据说话者的观点，什么
对孩子们的食物选择影响最大
?
”中的关键词
“
children's choice of food
”及
问题定位到听力
对话中第四句女士说的话
“
I think it's all that advertising on TV. That's where they get it.
”
意思
是“我想都是电视上的广告。那就是他们得到它的地方。
（可意译为我认为是
电视广告影响
了孩子们对食物的选择。
）
”再联系下文听力对话中第五句男士说的话“
Yes,
it
must
be.
My
children see something on TV and they
immediately want it.
”意思是“是的，一定是。我的孩
子们在电视上看到一些东西，他们马上就想要。
”可知说话者的孩子们喜
欢垃圾食品是受电
视广告的影响；选项
B)
中的“
TV
commercials
”与听力对话中第四句女士说的话中的
“
advertis
ing
on
TV
”属于同义替换，
符合听力原文的语义，故选
B)
；其他三个选项：选项
A)
，选项
C)
和选项
D)
，原文中均未提及，故排除。
<
/p>
7.
【
答案
】<
/p>
C) Trying to trick children into buying
their products.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，先看四个选项：
< br>“
Investing heavily in
the production of
sweet foods.
（大量投资于甜食的生产。
）
”
，
“
Marketing their
products with ordinary ingredients.
（用普通
原料推销他们的产品。
）
”
，
“
Trying to trick children into
buying their products.
（试图
欺骗孩
子购买他们的产品。
）
”
，
“
Offering children more varieties
to choose from.
（为孩子提供
更多的选择。<
/p>
）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息
，进行判断。再根据题干“
What do the
speakers believe big food corporations
are doing?
”意思是“说话者认为大型食品公司在做什
么
?
”
中的关键词
< br>“
big food corporations
”
定位到听力对话中第八句女士说的话
“
An
d these big
food
corporations
have
so
much
money
to
spend
on
clever
tactics
designed
to
make
young
children want to buy
their products.
”意思是“而这些大型食品公司有这么多钱花在聪明的
策
略上，这些策略旨在让孩子们想要购买他们的产品。
”题干中
的“
big
food
corpor
ations
”在
听力对话中第八句女士说的话中重现；选项<
/p>
C)
中的“
buying their
products
”与听力对话中第
八句女士说的话中的“
buy their products
”属于同义转换，符合听力
原文的语义，故选
C)
；
其他三个选项
：选项
A)
，选项
B)
和选项
D)
，原文中均未提及，故排除。
8.
【
答案
】
B) They seldom had junk food.
【
解析
】
细节题。<
/p>
在听录音前，
先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
vegetables
（
蔬菜）<
/p>
”
，
“
junk
food
（垃圾食品）
”
，
“
chocolate-coated sweets
（巧克力糖果）
”
，
“
food
advertised on TV
（电视
广告的食物）
”
，
听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据题干
“
< br>What do we know
about the speakers
when they were children?
”意思是“当说话人还是孩子的时
候，我们对他
们了解多少
?
”中的关键
词“
when they were children
”定位
到听力对话中第九句男士说的话
“
When we were
children, we barely had any junk food available,
and we turned out just fine.
”
意思是“当我们还是孩子的时候，我们几乎没有任何垃圾食品可吃，而且我们很健康。
”题
干中的“
when
they
were
children
”与听力
对话中第九句男士说的话中的“
When
we
were
children
”属于同
义替换；选项
B) They seldom had junk food.
（他们很少吃垃圾食品。
）中的
“
junk food
”在听力对话中第九句男士说的话中重现，符合听力原文
的语义，故选
B)
；其他
三个选项：选
项
A) They hardly ate vegetables.
< br>（他们几乎不吃蔬菜。
）
，选项
C) They favored
chocolate-coated sweets
.
（他们喜欢巧克力糖果。
）和选项
D
) They liked the food advertised on
TV.
（他们喜欢电视上广告的食物。
）
，原
文中均未提及，故排除。
Section B
Passage One
9.
【
答案
】
C) Tombs of
ancient rulers.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，先看四个
选项：
“
Stretches of farmland.
（大片农田。
）
”
，
“
Typical
Egyptian animal farms.
（典型的埃及动物农场。
）
”
，
“
< br>Tombs of ancient rulers.
（古代统
< br>治者的坟墓。
）
”
，
“
Ruins left by devastating floods
.
（毁灭性的洪水留下的废墟。
）
”<
/p>
，听录音时
着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。再根据题干“<
/p>
What
can
be
found
in
the
Valley
of
the
Kings?
”意思是“在帝王谷里能找到什么？”中的关键词“
Valley
of
the
Kings
”定位到听力
短文第七句话“
A journey through the unobstructed part of
this waterway today would pass by
the
splendid Valley of the Kings, where the tombs of
many of these ancient monarchs have stood
for over 3,000 years.
”意思是“今天
穿越这条水路畅通无阻的一段路程，将会经过壮丽的帝
王谷，许多古代君主的陵墓已有<
/p>
3000
多年的历史。
”题干中的“
Valley of the Kings
”在听力
短文第七句话中重现；选项
C)
中的“
Tombs
”在听力短文第七句话中重现，
“
ancient rulers
”
与听力短文第
七句话中的“
ancient
monarchs
”属于同义替换，符合听力原文的语义，故选
C)
；
其他三个选项：选项
A)
，选项
B)<
/p>
和选项
D)
，原文中均未提及，故排除。
10.
【
答
案
】
B) It is hardly associated
with great civilizations.
【<
/p>
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，
先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
< br>provides
（提供）
/
habitats
（栖息地）
/primitive
tribes
（原始部落）
”
< br>，
“
associated<
/p>
（联系，
associate
的过去式和
过去
分词）
/
civilizati
ons
（文明，
civilization
的名词复数）
”
，
“
explored
（勘探，
explore
的过去式
和过去分词）
/ exploited
（开采，
exploit
的过去式和过
去分词）
”
，
“
gathers
（聚集，
gather
的
第三人称单数）
/
water
（水）
/ tropical rain fore
sts
（热带雨林）
”
，听录音时着重
听文章中的
相关信息，
进行判断。
再根
据题干
“
In what way is the
Amazon different from other big rivers?
”
意思是“亚马逊河与其他大河有什么不同？”中的关键词“
A
mazon
”及问题定位到听力短
文第八句话“
Great civilizations and intensive settlement
are hardly associated with the Amazon,
yet
this
4,000-mile-long
South
American
river
carries
about
20
percent
of
the
world's
fresh
water-more than the Mississippi, Nile,
and Yangtze combined.
”
意思是
“伟大的文明和密集的定
居点与亚马逊河几乎没有联系，然而这条
4000
英里长的南美洲河流承载着世界
2
0%
的淡水
——比密西西比河、尼罗河和长江的总和还要多。<
/p>
”题干中的“
Amazon
”在听力短文
第八句
话中重现；选项
B) It is hardly
associated with great civilizations.
（它几
乎不与伟大的文明联系
在一起。
）在听力短文第八句话中重现，
符合听力原文的语义，故选
B)
；其他三个选项：选
项
A) It provides habitats for more
primitive tribes.
（它为更原始的部落提供栖息地。
）和选项
C) It has not yet been fully
explored and exploited.
（它还没有得到充分的探索和利用。
）
，原文
中均未提及，故排除；选项<
/p>
D) It gathers water from many tropical
rain forests.
（它从许多热带
雨林收集水。
）
为混淆项，
从听力短文最后一句话
“
Most important of all, the
Amazon irrigates
the largest tropical
rain forest on Earth.
”意思是“最重要的是，亚马逊灌溉着地
球上最大的热
带雨林。
”
可知是亚马逊
灌溉着地球上最大的热带雨林，
而不是从热带雨林收集水，
故排
除。
11.
【
答案
】
A) It carries about one
fifth of the world's fresh water.
【
解析
】
情感态度。
在听录音前，先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
carries
（支撑，
carry
的第三人称单数）
/ one
fifth
（五分之一）
/ fresh water
（
淡水）
”
，
“
numerous
（
许多的）
/ human
sett
lements
（人类居住区）
/banks
< br>（岸）
”
，
“
< br>second only to
（仅次于）
/
Mississippi River
（密
西西比河）
/width
（宽度）
”
，
“
as long
as
（只要）
/
Nile
（尼罗河）
/ Yangtze
（扬子江，长江）
/combined
（
（使）联合，
combine
的过去式和过去分词）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信
息，进行
判断。再根据题干“
What does the speaker say
about the Amazon?
”意思是“说话者
怎么评
价亚马逊河？”中的关键词“
Amazon
”及问题定位到听力
短文第八句话“
Great
civilizations
and
intensive
settlement
are
hardly
associated
with
the
Amazon,
yet
this
4,000-mile-long South American river
carries about 20 percent of the world's fresh
water-more
than the Mississippi, Nile,
and Yangtze combined.
”
意思是
“伟大的文明和密集的定居点与亚马
逊河几乎没有联系，然而这条
4000
英里长的南美洲河流承载着世界
2
0%
的淡水——比密西
西比河、尼罗河和长江的总和还要多。<
/p>
”题干中的“
Amazon
”在听力短文
第八句话中重现；
选项
A) It carries
about one fifth of the world's fresh water.
（它承载着世界五分之一的淡水。
）
中的“
carries
”和“
world's
fresh water
”
在听力短文第八句话中重现，
“
one
fifth
”与听力短
文第八句话中的“
20 percent
”属于同义替换，符合听力原文的语义，故选
< br>A)
；其他三个选
项：选项
B)
It has numerous human settlements along its banks.
（沿岸有许多人类居住区。
）
，
选项
C) It is second only to the
Mississippi River in width.
（它的宽度仅次于密西西比
河。
）和选
项
D) It is as
long as the Nile and the Yangtze combined.
< br>（只要尼罗河与长江结合就行。
）
，原文
中均未提及，故排除。
Passage Two <
/p>
12.
【
答案
】
B) We are always in a rush to do
various things.
【
解析
】细节题。在听录音前，先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
l
ife in the fast
lane
（快节
奏的生活）
/ lea
ds
（带路，
lead
的第三人称单数
）
/ success
（成功）
”
，
“
in a
rush
（急急忙
忙，繁忙）
/ va
rious
（各种各样的）
”
，
“
search
for
（搜索，搜寻）
/
tranquility
（安宁）
/ trend
（走向，趋向）
”
，
“
yearn for
（渴望）
/ a
slow and calm life
（缓慢而平静的生活）
”
，听录音时
着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据题干
“
What
does the speaker think is an inevitable
truth?
”意思是“说话者认为什么是不可避免的事实
?
”中的关键词“
an inevitable truth
”定
位到听力短文第二句话“
It's
an
inevitable
truth
that
all
of
us
live
a
life
in
the
fast
lane,
even
though we know that
being busy is not always particularly healthy.
”
意思是
“尽管我们知道忙碌
< br>并不总是特别健康，但我们都过着快节奏的生活，这是不可避免的事实。
”题干中
的“
an
inevitable
truth
”在听力短文第二句话中重现；选项
B) We
are always in a rush to do various
thin
gs.
（
我们总是忙着做各种各样的事情。
）
中的
“
in a rush
”
与听力短文第二句话中的
“
being
busy
”属于同义替换，符合听力原
文的语义，故选
B)
；其他三个选项：选项
A) Living a life in
the fast lane
leads to success.
（快节奏的生活会带来成功。
）
，选项
C) The search for
tranquility
has become a trend.
< br>（寻求宁静已经成为一种趋势。
）
，原文中均未提及，故
排除；选项
D) All
of us actually
yearn for a slow and calm life.
（事实上，我们所
有人都渴望过一种缓慢而平静的
生活。
）是混淆项，由听力短文
第三句话“
Growing up in New Zealand,
everything was always
calm and slow.
”意思是“在新西兰长大的过程中，一切都是平静而缓慢的。
”可知说
话者在
新西兰长大，过着一种平静而缓慢的生活，而不是指的所有人，故排除。
13.
【
答案
】
C) She was accustomed to tight
schedules.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，
先找出四个选项中的
中心词：
“
trouble
（麻烦）<
/p>
/ balancing
（平衡）
/ f
amily
（家庭）
/work
（工作
）
”
，
“<
/p>
enjoyed
（享有，
enjoy
的过去式和过去分词）
/
various
（各种各样的）
/ social event
s
（社会事件）
”
，
< br>“
accustomed to
（习惯于·
·
·
·
·
< br>·
）
/ tight
sche
dules
（紧凑的日程安排）
”
，<
/p>
“
spent
（花（时间）
，
spend
的过去式和过去分词
< br>）
/ leisure time
（
业余时间
）
/
writing
books
（写书）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。再
根据题干
< br>“
What does the speaker say about her
life in Tokyo?
”
意思是
“关于她在东京的生活，
说话者说了什么
?
< br>”
中的关键词
“
Tokyo
”
定位到听力短文第五句话
“
After I moved to Tokyo and
lived
there for a number of years, I got used to having
a pile of to-do lists, and my calendar always
looked like a mess, with loads of
things to do written across it.
”意思是“当我搬
到东京住了几
年之后，
我已经习惯了总是有一堆的事情需要去做
，
我的日历看起来总是一团糟，
上面写着
很多要做的事情。
”
题干中的
“
Tokyo
”
在听力短文第五句话中重现；
选项
C) She was accustomed
to
tight
schedule
s.
（她习惯于紧凑的日程。
）中的“
got
used
to
”与听力短文
第五句话中的
“
accustomed to
< br>”属于同义替换，
“
schedules
”
与听力短文第五句话中的“
lists
”
属于同义
替换，
符合听力原文的语义，
故选
C)
；
其他三个选项：
选项<
/p>
A) She had trouble balancing family
and work.
（她很难兼顾家庭和工作。
）
，选项
B) She enjoyed the
various social events.
（她喜欢
各种
社交活动。
）和选项
D) She spent all
her leisure time writing books.
（她把所有的闲暇
时间
都用来写书。
）
，原文中均未提及
，故排除。
14.
【
答案
】
D) Reading a book
about slowing down.
【
解析
】因果关系题。在听录音前，先看四个选项：
“<
/p>
The possibility of ruining her family.
（毁灭她家庭的可能性。
）
”
，
“
Becoming
aware of her declining health.
（开始意识到她的健
康状况正在下降。
）
”
，
“
The fatigue from
living a fast-paced life.
（快节奏生活带来的疲劳。
）
”
，
“
Reading a book about slowing down.
（读一本关于慢下来的书。
）
”
，
听录音时着重听文章中
的相关信息，进行判断。再根据题干“
W
hat made the speaker change her lifestyle?
< br>”意思是
“是什么让说话者改变了她的生活方式
?
”中的关键词“
change her lifestyle
”及问题定位到
听力短文第七句话
“
Then, one day, I came across a book called In Praise of Slowness and realized
that
being busy is not only detrimental, but also has
the danger of turning life into an endless
race.
”意思是“然后，有一天，我看到了一本名为《赞美缓慢》的书，我
意识到忙碌不仅有
害，而且有把生活变成无休止的竞赛的危险。
”再联系下文听力短文第八句话“
So
I
started
practicing the
various practical steps mentioned by the author in
the book, and began to revolt
against
the very idea of being too busy.
”意思是“因此
，我开始练习书中作者提到的各种实际
步骤，并开始反对太忙的想法。
< br>”可知说话者的生活方式开始改变；选项
D)
中的“
a
book
”
在
听力短文第七句话中重现，
“
slowing
down
”
与听力短文第七句话中的
“
Slowness
”
属于
同义替换，符合听力原文的语义，故选
D)
；其他三个选项：选项
A)
，选项
B)
和选项
C)
，原<
/p>
文中均未提及，故排除。
15.
【
答案
】
B)
She came to enjoy doing everyday tasks.
【
解析
】推断题。在听录音前，先找出
四个选项中的中心词：
“
follow
（遵循）
/
cultural
（文化的）
/ norms
< br>（规范）
”
，
“
enjoy
（喜欢）
/ t
asks
（工作）
”
，
“
use
（用）
/
polite
（有礼
貌的）
/ exp
ressions
（表达方式）
”
，<
/p>
“
stopped
（停止，
stop
的过去式和过去分词）
/ to-do
lists
（待办事项清单）
/
calendars
（日历，
cal
endar
的名词复数）
”
，听录音时
着重听文章中的相
关信息，进行判断。再根据题干“
What
happened after the speaker changed her lifestyle?<
/p>
”意
思是
“说话者改变了她的生活方式之
后发生了什么
?
”
中的关键词
“
after the speaker changed
her
lifestyle
”及问题
定位到听力短文倒数第三句话“
It
doesn't
mean
that
my
to-do
lists
no
longer exist, but I've become more
aware of the importance of slowing down and making
sure
that I enjoy the daily activities
as I carry them out.
”意思是“这并不意味着我的待办事项列表
已经不存在了，但我已经更加意识到放慢脚步，确保自己享受日常活动的重要性。
”再联系
下文听力短文倒数第二句话“
Fro
m
now
on,
when
someone
asks
you
how
your
life
is,
try
responding with words like ‘exciting
and fun’
instead
of the
cultural norm that says ‘
b
us
y.’
”意思
是“从现在开始，当有人问你的生活如何时，试着
用‘兴奋和有趣’这样的词来回答，而不
是用
‘忙碌’
这样的文化规范。
”
听录音时听到
“
from now on
”
可以推断出这个短语是
“
after
the speaker changed her lifestyle
”
的替换表达，
正确答案就在这个时间标志的前后；
选项
B) She
came to
enjoy doing everyday tasks.
（她开始喜欢做日常工作
。
）中的“
enjoy
”在听力短文倒
数第三句话中重现；
“
everyda
y
tasks
”
与听力短文倒数第三句话中的“
daily
activities
”
属
于同义替换，
符合听力原文的语义，
故选
B)
；
其他三个选项
：
选项
A) She started to follow
the
cultural
norms.
（她开始遵循文化规范。
）是混淆项，从听力短文倒数第二句话中的“
try
responding with words like
‘exciting and fun’
instead of the
cultu
ral norm that says
‘
busy
’
”可知
说话者的说话方式发生了改变，代替‘忙碌’这样的文化规范，而不是用‘忙碌’这样的文
化规范，
故排除；
选项
C)
She learned to use more polite expressions.
（她学会了使用更有礼貌
的表达方式。
）
)
原文中未提及，故排除；选项
D) She
stopped using to-do lists and calendars.
（她停止使用待办事项列表和日历。
）是混淆项，从听力短文倒数第二句话中的“
It
doesn't
mean
that my to-do lists no longer
exist
”可知说话者并没有停止用待办事项列表，故排除。
Section C
Recording One
16.
【
答案
】
C) They pose a threat to the local
ecosystem.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，
先找出四个选项中的
中心词：
“
root
out
（
彻底根除）
/ native
species
（本地物种）
”
，
“
contribute
to
（促成）
/ a region's biodivers
ity
（一个地区的生物多
样性）
”<
/p>
，
“
pose a threat
to
（成为……的威胁）
/ local ecosystem
（当地生态系统）
”
，
“
crossbreed
（使杂交繁育）
/
native
species
（本地物种）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判
断。再根据题干“
What
assumption
about
introduced
species
is
challenged
by
a
number
of
scientists?
”意思是“关于引进物种的什么假设受到一些科学
家的质疑
?
”中的关键词
“
assumption
”
，
“
challenged
”
和
“
introduced species
”
定位到听力录音第二段
“
But a number
of scientists
question the assumption that the presence of alien
species can never be acceptable
in a
natural ecosystem.
”意思是“但是，一些科学家质疑这样一种假设
：在自然生态系统中，
外来物种的存在永远不能被接受。
”题干
中的“
assumption
”在听力录音第二段中重现，
“
challenged
”与听力录音第二段中的“
question
”属于同
义替换，
“
introduced species
”与
听
力
录
音
第
二
段
< br>中
的
“
alien
species
”
属
于<
/p>
同
义
替
换
；
再
联
系
上
文
听
力
录
音
第
一
段
“
Governments,
private groups and individuals spend billions of
dollars a year trying to root out
non-
native
organisms
that
are
considered
dangerous
to
ecosystems,
and
to
prevent
the
introduction of new intruders.
”意思是“政府、私人团体和个人每年花费数十亿美元，试图
根除被认为对生态系统
有害的非本土生物，并防止新的入侵者的出现。
”可知人们认为外来
物种会危害当地的生态系统；选项
C) They pose a threat
to the local ecosystem.
（它们对当地
生态系统构成威胁。
）
符合听力原文的语义，
故选
C)
；
其他三个选项：<
/p>
选项
A) They will root out
native species altogether.
（它
们将彻底根除本地物种。
）
是混淆项，
从听力录音第一段中的
“
root
out non-native organisms
”
可知要根除的是非本土生物，
而不是本地物种，
故排除；
选项
B) They
contribute to a region's biodiversity.<
/p>
（它们促进了一个地区的生物多样性。
）是混淆项，由听
力录音第六段中的“
Both native and exotic
species can become invasive
…（本土和外来物种都
会变得具有入侵性……）
”
，第十段中的<
/p>
“…
these invasive species
represent the greatest threat
to
biodiversity worldwide
…（……这些入侵物种对世界范围内的
生物多样性构成了最大的威
胁……）
”可知无论本土物种还是外
来物种都有可能成为入侵物种，入侵物种对世界范围内
的生物多样性构成了威胁，而不是
促进一个地区的生物多样性，故排除；选项
D)
They
will
crossbreed with native
species.
（它们将与本地物种杂交。
）原文中未提及，
故排除。
17.
【
< br>答案
】
D) Their distinctions
are artificial.
【
解析
】
在听录音前，
先找出四个选项中
的中心词：
“
classifications
（分类，
classification
的名词复数）
/ meaningful
（有意义
的）
”
，
“
interactions
（一起活动，
interaction
的名词复
数）
/ hard
（困难的）
/def
ine
（规定）
”
，
< br>“
definitions
（定义，
definition
的名词复数）
/ changeab
le
（可变的）
”
，
< br>“
distinctions
（区别，
< br>distinction
的名词复数）
/ artifi
cial
（人为的）
”
，听录音时
着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根
据题干
“
What does Dr. Michael
Rosenzweig think of
exotic and native s
pecies?
”
意思是
“
Michael Rosenzweig
博士对外来物种和本地物种有什么
看
法？”中的关键词“
Michael
Rosenzweig
”
和“
exotic and
native species
”定位到听力录音
第四段“
‘
Distinctions
between
exotic
and
native
species
are
artificial,’
said
Dr.
Michael
Rosen
zweig
…”意思是“
‘外来物种和本地物种之间的区别是人
为的，
’迈克尔·罗森茨威格
博士说……”题干中的“
Michael Rosenzweig
”
和“
exotic and
native species
”在听力录音
第四段中重现；<
/p>
选项
D) Their distinctions are a
rtificial.
（
它们的区别是人为的。
）
中的
“
artificia
l
”
在听力录音第四段中重现，符合听力原文的语义，故选
D)
；其他三个选项：选项
A)
Their
classifications are me
aningful.
（它们的分类是有意义的。
）
，
选项
B) Their
interactions are hard to
define.
（他们的互动很难界定。
）
和选项
C) Their definitions are changeable.
（
他们的定义是可
变的。
）原文中都未提及，故排除。
18.
【
答案
】
A) Only a few of them cause
problems to native species.
【
解析
】在听录音前，先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
cause
（导致）
/
problems
（问题，
problem
的名词复数）
/
native species
（本地物种）
”
，
“
turn out
（
结果是
）
/
benefit
（有益
于）
/
local environment
（当地环境）
”
，
“
survive
（
幸存，活下来）
/ new habitats
（新的栖息
地）
”
，
“
10 percent
（
10%
）
/ naturalized
（使归化，
naturalize
的过去式和过去分词）
”
，听录音
时着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据题干
“
What
does Professor Don Smith say about
alien species?
”
意思
是
“关于外来物种，
Don Smith
教授是怎么说的
?
”
中的关键词
“
Don
Smith
”
和
“
alien species
”
定位到听力录音倒数第三段
“
‘
Only a small percentage of alien
species cause
problems in their new
habitats,’
said Don Smith
…”意
思是“
‘只有一小部分外来物种会在新的
栖息地造成问题，
’
Don
Smith
说……”题干中的“
Don
Smith
”
和“
alien species
”在
听力录
音倒数第三段中重现；
选项
A)
Only a few of them cause problems to native specie
s.
（
只有少数
物种会给本地物种带来
问题。
）中的“
cause problems
”在听力录音倒数第三段中重现，符合
听力原文的语义，故选
< br>A)
；其他三个选项：选项
B)
They
may
turn
out
to
benefit
the
local
environ
ment.
（
它们可能对当地环境有益。
）
，
原文中未提及，
故排除；
选项
C) Few of them can
survive in their new habitats.
（它们很少能在新的栖息地生存。
）
，由听力短文倒数第二
段最后
一句话“
The other 90 percent
have fit into their environments and are
considered naturalized.
（另外的
9
0%
已经适应了环境，
被归化了。
）<
/p>
”
可知外来物种
90%
< br>能在新的栖息地生存，
而不
是很少能在新的栖息地生存，
故排除；
选项
D) Only 10
percent of them can be naturalized.
（
其
中只有
10%
可以
归化。
）
，由听力短文倒数第二段第一句话“
< br>Of the 7,000 alien species in the
United States-out of a total of 150,000
species-only about 10 percent are invasive
< br>…
（美国物种达
15
万，
7000
是外来物种，只有
10%
属于入侵物种……）
”
，可知
10%
属于入侵物种，而不是
被归化，联系下文听力短文倒
数第二段最后一句话可知外来物种
90%
被归化，故排除。
Recording Two
19.<
/p>
【
答案
】
A)
Respect their traditional culture.
【
解析
】
细节题。
在听录音前，
先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
Respect
（
尊重）
/ traditional
（传统的）
/ cu
lture
（文化）
”
，
“
Attend
（
参加
）
/
business
（商业）
/ seminars
（研讨班，
seminar
的名词复数）
”
，
“
Research
（探究）
/ specific
（具体
的）
/demands
（要求，
dem
and
的第三人
称单数）
”
，
“
Adopt
（采用，
采取，采纳）
/ strategies
（策略，
strategy
的名词复数）
”
< br>，听录音
时着重听文章中的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据题干
“
What should
you do when doing business
with foreign
ers?
”
意思是
“与外国人做生意时
，
你应该怎么做？”
中的关键词
“
doing business
with
foreigners
”定
位到听力录音第一段第二句话“
And
welcome
to
the
third
in
our
cities
of
business seminars in the
program-Doing Business
Abroad.
”意思是“欢迎参加本市第三届——
‘海外创业’项目商务研讨会。
”题干中的“
d
oing business with foreigners
”与听力录音第一
段第二句话中的“
Doing
Business
Abroad
”属
于同义替换；再联系下文听力录音第一段第三
句话“
Today
we are going to look at intercultural awareness
…”意思是“今天，我们将关注跨
文化意识……”
，
第一段第
5-7
句话
“
If overseas business people are
selling to us, then they will
make
every effort to speak English and to respect our
traditions and methods. It is only polite for
us to do the same when we visit them.
It is not only polite.
”意思是“如果外国商人来英国做生<
/p>
意，他们会尽力说英语且尊重英国的传统及做事方式，如果英国人想要去其他国家做生意，
出于礼貌也应该尊重对方的传统。
”
可
知
“海外创业”
要关注跨文化意识；
选
项
A) Respect their
traditional
culture.
< br>（尊重他们的传统文化。
）中的“
Respect
”和“
culture
”在听力录音第一
段第五句话中重现，
“
tradition
al
”与听力录音第一段第五句话中的“
traditions
”属于同义转
换，符合听力原文的语义，故选
< br>A)
；其他三个选项：选项
B) Attend
their business seminars.
（参加他们的商业研讨会。
）
，
选项
C)
Research their specific demands.
（研究他们的具
体需求。
）
和选项
D) Adopt
the right business strategies.
（采取正确的商业策
略。
）
，原文中均未提及，故
排除。<
/p>
20.
【
答案
】
C) Drinking alcohol on
certain days of a month.
【
解析
】细节题。在听录音前，先找出四个选项中的中心词：
“
Showing
（给…看，
show
的现在分词）
/
palm
（手掌）
”
，
< br>“
Giving
（
给予，赠送，
give
的现在分词
）
/
gifts
（礼物，
gi
ft
的名词复数）
/ of great value
（很有价值的）
”
，
“
Drinking
alcohol
（饮酒）
/ on certain
days
（在某些日子）
/ month
（月）
”
，
“
Clicking
（
使发出咔哒声，
使咔哒响，
click
的现在分词）
/
fingers
（手指，
finger
的名词复数）
/
loudly
（高声地）
/ presence
（面前）
”
，听录音时着重听文章中
< br>的相关信息，
进行判断。
再根据题干
“
What must you avoid doing with your
Indian colleague?
”