-
?
串讲方式
列出文章中的主要词汇、短
语及翻译
,
并给以讲解。
(
红色
为历年考题；
蓝色
为重点；
下划线为词语辨析，
部分未划
也会在讲解中提到。
）
?
考试题型
1. Paragraphs taken from the textbooks.
2. Fill in the blank
3.
Distinguish words.
4. Reading
comprehension
1)Multiple choices
2)Put English into Chinese
3)Essay question
5. Put
Chinese into English
内容串讲
Lesson one
Book
One
Lesson One: Rock Superstars: What
Do They Tell US About Ourselves and Our
society?
1.
…
grabs
a half-
gallon
jug
of
water…
抓住半加仑罐的水
2.
…
sprinkling
its contents
over…
喷洒
sprinkle sth. with liquid
(water)
sprink
le liquid (water)
on/over…
3.
sweltering
listeners
4.
…
surge
to follow
him…
5.
crunching
up
to…
1
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88
6. …
gasped
a girl
dressed in black
7. This is
pilgrimage
朝圣之旅
…I
ought to be
crawling
on my
knees.
8. this adulation and hero
worship
(
区别
adulate,
admire
)
ous
reverence for
…
10.
reject
Alice cooper as sick…
11...he
acts out
your wildest
fantasies?
表达出你最狂热的幻想
12 These aren?t
idle
闲置的
questions…
13
…as a sort of
debating
forum
（
debate,
argument)
14…a sociological
expression rather than a musical force…
15…
embody
the
frustrated teenage
spirit
体现了沮丧的少年精神
16 …
editorialize
against
him
17
…touch a nerve of
disaffection
不满
18
He
spoke
of
civil
rights
谈到公民权利
,
nuclear
fallout
,
and
loneliness
寂寞孤独
.
He
spoke of change and of
the bewilderment
困惑迷乱
of an older generation.
19
…a
rrogant
自大的傲慢的
street-
fighting
打架斗殴
men…
(
arrogant, proud)
20 The
Beatles
甲壳虫对
showed there were a range of emotions
between love
and hate.
21
．
mix the more
traditional ideasinto the more
radical
激进的
“city”
ideas…
（
mix, blend)
22…mirror feelings…
23…conceive of… (
conceive,
imagine)
想象设想
1.
他描述说：
“贾格尔抓起一个半加仑水罐沿舞台前沿边跑边把里面的水
往前几排狂热的听众身上洒。
”
“Jagger,” he said,
“
grabs
a half gallon jug of
water and r
uns along
the
2
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88
front platform,
sprinkling
its contents over
the first few rows of
sweltering
listeners.”
2.
是他们自己将创造与夸张、理性与举动、言辞与声音、音乐与政治结合
了起来。
It is they alone who
combine
invention and exaggeration,
reason and motion, word and
sound,
music and politics.
3.
以后又出现了
“乐队”乐队
,
他们把乡村音乐和西部音乐所表现的较为传统
的观念注入强硬派摇滚乐较为激进的
“
都市
”
观念。
Then came The Band
mixing
the more traditional
ideas of country and western music
into
the more
radical “city” ideas of the hard rock.
4.
有些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答可以充分说明你在
想些什么以及社会在想
些什么。
Some sociologists say that your answers
to them could explain a lot about what you are
thinking and about what your society is
thinking.
Lesson two: Four Choices for
Y
oung People
1
Our generations views the adult world with great
skepticism.
2
…
reject
completely that
world.
(reject, refuse)
3 …speak for a lot of his
contemporaries
他和他的同龄人讲很多
4
T
he world is in pretty much of a
mess…
5 …we can do
without
6 These conclusions
strike me as reasonable.
7 This way of
life is
parasitic
.
寄生虫
3
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88
8…
batten on
the
society
靠社会而兴旺
9…the least
intolerable
choice available
10This strategy also has ancient
antecedents…
11…in hopes of
finding a simpler,
more pastora
< br>l…life.
更富田园风情
12…on a larger scale
13…unsullied
清白的
landscapes
14
To
them
it
offers
a
romantic
appeal,
usually
symbolized
by
some
dashing
and
charismatic figure
15 …did
not come off…
成功
16…plotting their holocau
sts
right into their senescence
策划大屠杀
,
直至他们的衰老
17…in
bitter
disillusionment
…
更为激烈的
失望
18…at best their victory
never
dawns on
the shining new world…cleansed of all
human
meanness.
19…under
whatever political label…
20
At first glance, this course is far from inviting.
It lacks glamour.
21…depends on the
exasperating and uncertain instruments…
(exasperate, exhilarate )
22…a better chance for remedying some
of the world?s outrages…
23
I protested against this just as vehemently
as…
24…as soon as you
capture o
ne mountain range, another one
looms just ahead
25…the unprecedented
problems of an affluent society…
26…keeping
our
cities
from
becoming
uninhabitable,
of
coping
with
war
in
unfamiliar
guises. (inhabit, live )
4
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88
27 it dawned on
us …that…
28 the landscape
wi
ll get more cluttered… (jumble,
clutter)
29…struggle for
ever
-
dwindling shares of
food…
30 …has a formidable
job on its hands
31…an
insuperable one…
32…piecemeal, pragmatically, by the
dogged efforts of many people
１．
这一策略在这样一些人中总是很流行：
他们无法容忍民
主决策过程的单调沉闷的
运作方式，或者相信只有武力才能改变基本制度。
This
strategy
is
always
popular
among
those
who
have
no
patience
with
the
tedious
workings
of
the
democratic
process
or
who
believe
that
basic
institutions
can
only
be
changed
by force.
２．他们活在幻想破灭中，看到取代他们所推翻的旧机构的新机构
依旧是那么冷酷，
死气沉沉。
They lived, in bitter disillusionment,
to see the establishment they had overthrown
replaced
by a new one, just as hard-
faced and stuffy.
３．
奉行此道的人蔑视
这个社会并拒不承担任何社会责任，
却以这样或那样的方法依
赖
社会过寄生生活。
In
one
way
or
another,
its
practitioners
batten
on
the
society
which
they
scorn
and
in
which they refuse to take
any responsibility.
４．这种方法的问题在于无法大规模地实践。
The trouble with the solution is that
it no longer is practical on a large scale.
５
我要说的只是无论成败与否，干革
命的理想主义者们注定要失望。
My
point
is
merely
that
the
idealists
who
make
the
revolution
are
bound
to
be
5
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88
disappointed in either case.
６．它惟一的长处是有时这个办法会起作用。
About all that can be said for it is
that it sometimes works.
Lesson three: The use of
force
1 …a big startled
looking woman, very clean and apologetic…
(apology, excuse)
2 …sitting on her father?s
lap…
3 I motioned for him
not to bother…
4…started to
look things over…
5…eyeing
me up and down distrustfully…
(
distrust, apprehension)
6…it was up to me to tell
them…
7…her face was
flushed…
8 She had
magnificent blond hair, in profusion.
9…took a trial shot at it as a point of
departure. …had a sore throat?
10…a number of cases of
diphtheria…
11…no one had as
yet spoken of the thing.
12…I coaxed… (
coax,
persuade)
13 Such a nice man, put in
the mother.
14 …ground my teeth in
disgust…
15…I might be
abl
e to get somewhere.
16…I
approached the child again.
17.
…both her
hands clawed instinctively for my eyes…
6
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88
18 .
I broke in.
19.
I?m here to
look at her on the chance that/of…
20…the mother admonished her
severely.
21…the parents
were contemptible to me.
(contemptible,
contemptuous)
22…in the ensuing
struggle…bred of terror of me.
23…in an agony of
apprehension…
24…let out a
scream…
25…she shrieked
terrifyingly, hysterically. (
terrified,
terrifying)
26…she fought, with
clenched teeth, desperately!
27…I tried to hold myself
down…
28…she reduced it to
splinters…
29 Aren?t you
ashamed to act like that in front
of the doctor?
(ashamed, shameful)
30 We
are going through with this.
31 I
should have desisted and … (
desist,
resist)
32 I could have torn the child
apart.
33 I overpowered the child?s
neck and jaws.
34 She had
been on the defensive…
35…tried to get off her father?s lap
and fly at me while tears of defeat blinded her
eyes.
1.
这个孩子脸上没有任何表情，用冷漠的目光死死地盯着我，象要把我吃掉似的。
The child was fairly eating me up and
down with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression
on her face whatever.
2.
这个女孩由于对我的恐惧
,
她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的程度。
7
/
88
She surely rose
to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort
bred of her terror of me.
3.
在这个时候
,
谁都会叮嘱自己
,
无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动<
/p>
,
也要违背
她的意愿来保护她。
The damne
d little
brat must be protected against her own idiocy, one
says to one?s self at
such times.
3.
那种想释放体能的渴望产生出一
种非理智的、无法控制的愤怒与成人受辱的感
觉。
A blind fury, a feeling of adult shame,
bred of a longing for muscular release are the
operatives.
Lesson Four: Die as you
choose
1 The need for laws
on euthanasia cannot be dodged for much longer.
(dodge
躲闪
, avoid)
2…euthanasia
is
condemned
by
the
medical
establishment…and
almost
never
comes
to
light.
3…can police it effectively.
4…will rumble on into the
autumn…
5…the dying are too
far gone to consent… (
consent, assent)
6…prolong the throes of death with all
the might of medical technology
(prolong, protract)
7 How long can the discussion…hold
out?
8…withholding some
treatment… (
withhold, prevent)
9…administer enough
painkillers…
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88
10…formulated
an oath for doctors… (
oath, promise)
11… rule out active killing
排除过多的杀戮
12…some
people
believe
that
the
time
of
death
is
appointed
by
God
and
that
no
man
should
put
the
clock
back
on
another.
Yet
if
a
patient?s
philosophical
views
embrace
euthanasia, it is
not clear why the religious objections of others
should intrude on his death.
(intrude, invade)
13…to
comply with a dying man?s request…
14 …pose dangers for society by setting
a precedent for killing.
15…the same tenacious
respect…
16 West Germany, by
contrast, will not be able to…
17…because of the shadow of the past…
18…with an uninterrupted
recent libertarian tradition…
19…they usher in something
worse.
１需要对安乐死制定相关的法律规范，这个问题
不能长期回避了。
The
need for laws on euthanasia cannot be dodged for
much longer.
２正如未履行某种职责可以受到处罚一样，采取了某种行动
也可以不受责难。
Just as there can
be culpable omissions, so too can there be
blameless acts.
３许多面对病人临终前痛苦的医生认为，只有神经质
的人才坚决地强调被动安乐死和
主动安乐死的区别．
他们这样来
为积极安乐死辩论：
医生的职责之一是解除病人的痛
苦，有时侯
这是医生唯一能做的事情，而安乐死是唯一的办法。
Many
doctors
working
on
the
battlefield
of
terminal
suffering
think
that
only
squeamishness demands a firm difference
between passive and active euthanasia on
request. Their argument for killing
goes
like this: one of a doctor’s
duties is to prevent
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88
suffering;
sometimes that is all there is left for him to do,
and killing is the only way to
do
it.
４前事不忘，后事之师。
Let the past be a
guide
.
５有人认为人死亡时间是由上帝规定的，任何人
都不应该缩短他人的自然寿命。
Some
people
believe
that
the
time
of
death
is
appointed
by
God
and
that
no
man
should put the clock
back on another.
Lesson Five: I’d rather be black than
female
1…made me some kind
of phenomenon.
2…no one
would question me. (
question, ask)
3…there is prejudice against black
people…
4…strike…as
bizarre.
5…were invisible to
most white Americans…
6
Americans were incredulous. (incredulous,
incredible)
7…asked in injured tones.
(
tone, tune)
8…eliminate the
racist attitudes… (
eliminate,
illuminate)
9…more brainwashed and
content with their roles…(
content,
contented)
10…the details that make the
difference between victory and defeat…
11…men reaped the rewards, which is
almost invariably the lot of women in
politics.
12…tried to break
out of that role…and run for the seat…
13…I faced undisguise
d
hostility because of my sex.
14…tried
to project a black masculine image…
10
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88
15…there are 2.5 women for every man
registered to vote.
16 A
history of prejudice lies behind that question.
17…they are thought of as different and
inferior.
18
The
happy
homemaker
and
the
contented
darky
are
both
stereotypes
produced
by
prejudice.
19
Women have not
reached the
level of tokenism blacks are reaching.
20 No women sit on the Supreme Court.
21…predominate in the
low
-paying, menial, unrewarding, dead-
end jobs.
22 Why invest time and effort
to build the girl up?
23…she?ll only
drop out of the game…
24…the
laws against…are enforced, instead of
evaded…
25 What we need is
more women in politics, because we have a very
special contribution
to make.
26
It
is
women
who
can
bring
empathy,
tolerance,
insight,
patience,
persistence
to
government… (empathy,
sympathy)
27…because of our
suppression by men.
28…mold
its morals
1
妇女甚至还没达到黑人正在达到的象征性的平等水平。
Women have not even reached the level
of tokenism that blacks are reaching.
2
即使当她们得到较好的职位时
,
她们的
工资水平也永远低于干同样工作的男性。
When they
do reach better positions, they are invariably
paid less than a man for the same
job.
3
是妇女能够把同情、宽容、远见、忍耐与毅力带到政府中去
,
这是我们天生的品质
,
11
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88
或者说是因为男人的压制而不得不培养的品质。
It
is
women
who
can
bring
empathy,
tolerance,
insight,
patience,
and
persistence
to
government---the
qualities
we
naturally
have
or
have
had
to
develop
because
of
our
suppression by men.
4
一个国家的妇女通过他们日常生活中的所作所为
,
塑
造这个国家的道德、宗教和政
治标准。
The women of a nation mold its morals,
its religion, and its politics by the lives they
live.
Lesson six: A good chance
1…he was on parole?
2…you are in for a
disappointment.
3…he became
more ugly and embittered…
4
Abruptly she said… (
abruptly, quickly)
5…to get him to fill out some
papers.
6…she broke
in.
7 He h
as a
right to know about this…
8
Her heels clicked on the sidewalk…
9…she became agitated as she
talked…
10…commit
murder…
11…know of his
whereabouts.
12 We parked
the car, Elgie came over and
settled
himself in the back
seat of the car. A
police car moved
slowly to the corner where we were parked and the
patrolmen looked at the
three of us
intently
and we pretended
not to notice. The patrol car
inched
down the empty
street and I
turned cautiously toward Elgie.
12
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88
13 Always tentative about letting you
now what
he was thinking…
14…let him get away so
noncommittally.
15…she
scoffed.
16…we ended up on
the campus.
17…some relief
from this constant surveillance, constant checking
up.
18 He?s for complete
separation, segregation, total isolation from the
whites.
19…a
kind
of satisfying isolation in that.
20
Salina
was
talking,
telling
me
about
Magpie?s
return
to
Crow
Creek
after
months
in
exile
and how his relatives went to his sister?s
house…
21…the silence which
hung about the place filled me with
apprehension…
22 Nobody
spoke but Elgie came over, his bloodshot eyes
filled with sorrow and misery.
23…gestured us to go into the living
room.
24 They picked him up
for breaking the conditions of his
parole…
25 I asked,
incredulously.
我的双手紧紧地攥者诗稿，两个拇指在平滑的纸夹上一
个接一个狠狠地摁下去。
I
held
the poems
tightly
in
my
hands,
pressing
my
thumbs,
first
one
and
then the other,
against the smoothness of the cardboard
folder.
Lesson Seven: Miss
Brill
1…the blue sky powered
with gold…
2…the great spots
of light like white wine splashed over…
3…she had decided on her
fur.
4 The air was
motionless…
5…a little dab
of black
sealing
-
wax…
13
/
88
6…stroked it…
7
She felt a tingling in her hands and
arms…
8…to move in her
bosom.
9 He scraped with his
foot and flapped his arms
…
10…blew out their cheeks and glared at
the music.
11…his hands
clasped over a huge cared
walking
-
stick…
12 Miss Brill always looked forward to
the conversation.
13…become really
quite expert at listening…
14…sitting in other people?s
lives…
15 She glanced,
sideways, at the old couple.
她斜眼看了一眼那对年老的夫妇
16…sliding down my nose…
17 Little children ran among them,
swooping and laughing; little boys with big white
silk
bows
under
their
chins;
little
girls,
little
French
dolls,
dressed
up
in
velvet
and
lace.
And
sometimes
a
tiny
staggerer
came
suddenly
rocking
into
the
open
from
under
the
trees,
stopped,
stared,
as
suddenly
sat
down
“flop”,
until
its
small
high
-stepping
mother,
like
a
young hen, rushed scolding to its
rescue.
18…breathe a great deep puff
into her face…
19…flicked
the match away…
20…and
pattered away.
21…got up and
marched away…
22…hobbled
along in time to the music and was nearly knocked
over by four girls walking
abreast.
23…a little dog trotted
on solemnly and then slowly trotted
off…
14
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88
24…she made such a point of starting
from home…
25…the frail
head…the hollowed eyes…and the high pinched
nose.
26…two points of light
quivered in the old eyes.
27…smooth the newspaper…
28…all the whole company, would begin
singing.
29…the men?s
voices, very resolute
and
brave…
30…come in with a
kind of accompaniment…
31…a
slice of
honey
-
cake…
32 It was her Sunday treat.
33 It made a great difference.
34…in a quite a dashing way.
35…unclasped her necklace…
36…A beautiful woman came along and
dropped her bunch of viole
ts and a
little boy ran
after
to
hand
them
to
her,
and
she
took
them
and
throw
them
away
as
if
they?d
been
poisoned.
1<
/p>
两个穿红衣服的年轻姑娘从附近走过
,
两
个穿蓝军装的年轻士兵和她们相遇
,
他们笑
着双双挽臂而去。
Two young girls
in red came by and two young soldiers in blue met
them, and they laughed
and paired and
went off arm in arm.
2
当她听到一对
年轻人以轻蔑的口气在谈论她时
,
短暂的幸福感消失了
.
她怀着一颗破
碎的心回到家中。
Just at that moment she overheard
a young couple speak about her with contempt, the
brief
happiness disappeared. She came
back home with a broken heart.
15
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88
Lesson Eight: A lesson in
living
1…the lady who threw
me my first lifeline.
2…the
grace of control…
3…a
private breeze which swirled around…
4…ruffle her dress…
5…encourage familiarity.
6…the measure of what a human being can
be.
7
．
She
appealed
to
me
because
she
was
like
people
I
had
never
met
personally.
Like
women in English novels
who walked the moors whatever they were with their
loyal dogs
racing
at
a
respectful
distance.
Like
the
women
who
sat
in
front
of
roaring
fireplaces,
drinking tea
incessantly form silver trays. (respectful,
respectable)
8
．
I hung back in the separate unasked and
unanswerable questions
9 Words mean
more than what is set down on paper. It
takes the human voice to infuse
them
with the shades of deeper meaning.
10
。
My imagination bogged at
the punishment…
11 …tried
her hand at
baking
sweets…
12 She said that I
must always be intolerant of ignorance but
understanding of illiteracy.
That some
people, unable to go to school, were more educated
and even more intelligent
than college
professors.
She encouraged me to listen
carefully to what country people called
mother wit. That in those homely
sayings was couched the collective wisdom of
generations.
(intolerant, intolerable)
13 When I finished the cookies she
brushed off the table and brought a thick, small
book
from the bookcase.
16
/
88
14…found it up to my standards as a
romantic novel.
15 Her voice
slid in and curved down through and over the
words.
16 Her sounds began cascading
gently.
17 She was nearing the end of
her reading…
18 I have tried
often to search behind the sophistication of years
for the enchantment I so
easily
found
in
those
gifts.
The
essence
escapes
but
its
aura
remains.
To
be
allowed,
no,
invited, into the private lives of
strangers, and to share their joys and fears, was
a chance to
exchange the southern
bitter wormwood for a cup of mead with Beowulf or
a hot cup of tea
and milk with Oliver
Twist…tears of love filled my eyes at my
selflessness.
19…had the
good sense to stop running…
20…had single me out for
attention…
21…with his
cookies in my arms shielded by the
poem
s.
22 That do my good
heart to see settled people take to you all.
23 Her voice trailed off.
1.
人使用语言相互交流，这是人和低级动物最重要的不同之处。但要记住，人不仅
通过书面语言而且也通过话语来相互交流。只阅读是不够的，你必须学会口头表达你
的想法。正是人的声音才赋予文字更深刻的含义。
But bear in mind, language is man?s way
of communicating with his fellow man and it is
language alone which separates him from
the lower animals. Words mean more than what is
set
down
on
paper.
It
takes
the
human
voice
to
infuse
them
with
the
shades
of
deeper
meaning.
2.
我很难想象
如果我真的没看好她的书就还给她，我应得到什么样的惩罚。
My imagination boggles at the
punishment I would deserve if in fact I did abuse
a book of
17
/
88
hers.
3.
她告诉我一定不要宽容无知，但应理解未受过教育的人。
She told me that I must always be
intolerant of ignorance but understanding of
illiteracy.
Lesson Nine:
The trouble with Television
1…difficult to escape the influence of
television. (
influence, effect)
2 The trouble with
television…
3…consistently
applied effort…
4…seem
miraculous to those who never concentrate on
anything.
5 It sells us
instant gratification.
6 It diverts us
only to divert.
7 Televison?s variety
becomes a narcotic, not a stimulus.
8…kaleidoscopic exposures force us to
follow
its lead.
9…on a
perpetual guided tour…
10…the spans allotted are on the order
of minutes…(
allot, divide)
11 In short, a lot of television usurps
one of the most precious of all human gifts, the
ability
to focus your attention
yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.
12
Capturing
your
attention---and
holding
it---is
the
prime
motive
of
most
television
programming and
enhances its role as a profitable advertising
vehicle. Programmers live in
constant
fear of losing anyone?s attention
---
anyone?s.
1
3…not to strain the
attention of anyone…
14…television operates on the appeal to
the short attention span.
15
It is simply the easiest way out. But it has come
to be regarded as a given, as inherent in
18
/
88
the medium itself; as an imperative, as
though General Sarnoff, or one of the other august
pioneers
of
video,
had
bequeathed
to
us
tablets
of
stone
commanding
that
nothing
in
television shall ever require more than
a few moments? concentration.
16 Who can quarrel with a medium that
so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as
a
mass-marketing tool?
17…its value now pervading this nation
and its life.
18 …result in
inefficient communication. (
efficient,
effective)
19…not only inefficient
communication but decivilizing as well.
20 Consider the casual assumptions that
television tends to cultivate: that complexity
must
be
avoided,
that
visual
stimulation
is
a
substitute
for
thought,
that
verbal
precision
is
an
anachronism. It
may be old-
fashioned, but I was taught that thought is words,
arranged in
grammatically precise ways.
21 …a crisis of literacy in this
country.
22 Literacy may not
be an inalienable human right…
23…I believe it contributes and is an
influence.
24…surrendered
itself wholesale to a medium for
selling?
25 I think this
society is being forced-fed with trivial fare, and
I fear that the effects on our
habits
of
mind, our language, our tolerance
for effort, and our appetite for complexity are
only
dimly
perceived.
If
I
am
wrong,
we
will
have
done
no
harm
to
look
at
the
issue
skeptically and
critically, to consider how we should be resisting
it. I hope you will join with
me in
doing so.
1
美国人比看电视花时间更多的事只有工作和睡眠。
The only things Americans do more than
watch television are work and sleep.
19
/
88
2
电视的危害在于它不让人们集中注意力
.
生活中几乎任何一件有趣的有价值的事都
需要一定建设性
的持之以恒的努力
.
我们中最迟钝最没有天才的人也能做出使那
些从来
不在任何事情上专心致志的人觉得是奇迹的事来
.
但电视却不让我们做出任何努力。
The
trouble with television is that it discourages
concentration. Almost anything interesting
and rewarding in life requires some
constructive, consistently applied effort. The
dullest, the
least gifted of us can
achieve things that seem miraculous to those who
never concentrate on
anything. But
television encourages us to apply no effort.
3
然而在美国占主导地位的传播媒
介
,
全国联系的主要形式
,
却对人类问题推销干脆利
落的解决方式
,
而这些问题通常是没有干脆利落的解决方式的。
Yet
its
dominating
communications
instrument,
its
principal
form
of
national
linkage,
is
one that sells neat
resolutions to human problems that usually have no
neat resolutions.
Lesson Ten: The tenth
man
1…with inexperience even
in the shape of his mustache…
2 …making his first entry on a
stage…
3…he spoke abruptly
so as to give the impression of a
strength…
4 …thought up his
speech carefully beforehand…
5…on fine rations…
6 Your allotment is three…
(
allotment, distribution)
7…a thin elderly man in
pince
-
nez…
8 We must draw lots…
9…we should go by ages…
10…with his hands pressed over his
stomach…
11…we see through
that…
20
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88
12 Why should the married get off?
13…undo his watch…
14…he was bound to be the next
victim.
15 We are going the
wrong way about all this. Everyone must draw lots.
This isn?t the last
draw we shall have,
and picture to yourselves what it will be like in
this cell if we have a
privileged class
---the ones who are left to the end.
16…if the taxes were levied
like…
17
．
He
gave a gesture of
despair.
他给了一个绝望的手势
18
．
Krogh said contemptuously…
(
contemptuous, contemptible)
19
．
…an even
chance with a coin.
20
．
On
three pieces he made a cross in pencil, and then
folded each piece.
21They shuffled the
pieces on the floor and then dropped them into the
shoe.
22
．
We all draw in alphabetical
order…
23
．
He
picked at a dry piece of skin on his lip.
24
．
He
thrust his hand into the shoe and made careful
excavations as though he had one
particular scrap of paper in mind.
25
．
He
drew one out, opened it, and gazed at it with
astonishment.
26 He sat down and felt
for a cigarette…
27 Chavel
was filled with a huge and shameful joy.
(shameful, shameless)
28 The chances
had suddenly grown in his favor…
29…any mark of pleasure was
taboo…
30 Again a dull
disquiet---
it couldn?t yet be described
as a fear
---extended its empire over
Cheval?s chest. It was like a
constriction: he found himself yawning as the
sixth man drew a
21
/
88
blank slip, and a sense of grievance
nagged at his mind when the tenth man
ha
d drawn…
31
Some men drew the first slip which touched their
fingers; other seemed to suspect that
fate was trying to force on them a
particular slip…
32
The
chances
had
narrowed
to
one
in
eight
when
the
elderly
clerk
---his
name
was
Lenotre…drew the second
slip. He cleared his throat and put on his pince-
nez as though he
had to make sure he
was not mistaken…he said with a thin undecided
smile…
33…the elusive odds
were back again overwhelmingly in his
favor…
34…he was daunted by
the courage of common men.
35...he only wanted someone to make a
move and break up the table.
36…a thin
legible hand.
37…the
odds
seemed
to
move
toward
Chavel
with
a
dreadful
inevitability:
nine
to
one,
eight to one; they were like a pointing
finger…When his time came to draw there
we
re only
three left, and it
appeared to Chavel a monstrous injustice that
there were so few choices left
for him.
He drew one out of the shoe and then feeling
certain that this one had been willed on
him
by
his
companions
and
contained
the
penciled
cross
he
threw
it
back
and
snatched
another.
38…I never
consented to the draw.
39
They watched him with astonishment but without
enmity. He was a gentleman. They
didn?t
judge
him
by
their
own
standards:
he
belonged
to
an
unaccountable
class
and
they
didn?t
at firs
t even attach the idea of
cowardice to his actions.
40
Chavel
implored
them.
He
held
out
the
slip
of
paper
and
they
all
watched
him
with
compassionate curiosity.
41…sums up a nation?s
character…
22
/
88
1
最后他们一致同意抽签决定他们当中哪三个人应该先死。<
/p>
一位职员把他的一封信撕
成
30
小片，
并用铅笔在其中三片上画了个十字。接
着，他把所有的小片折叠好，放
进一只大鞋子里面。然后他们就按他们名字的字母顺序开
始抽签。
Finally all agreed to
draw lots to decide which three to die. A clerk
sacrificed for the draw
one of his
letters and tore it into thirty pieces. On three
pieces he made a cross in pencil, and
then
folded
each
piece
and
dropped
them
into
the
shoe.
They
would
draw
in
alphabetical
order of their
names.
2
他们无法比较
,<
/p>
也无法想象这是他的哪个阶层的特点
,
这
就象一个旅游者在某一外国
港口下船吃午餐时
,
从一个偶然与他在一桌的狡猾的商人身上总结出一国国民品格一
样。
They had no means of comparison
and assumed that this was a characteristic of his
class,
just
as
a
traveler
stepping
off
the
liner
at
a
foreign
port
for
luncheon
sums
up
a
nation?s
character forever
in the wily businessman who happens to share the
table with him.
Lesson
Eleven: On getting off to sleep
1…a bundle of
contradictions…
2…humor is
the saving grace of us…
3…an
overpowering desire for sleep…
4…it is only by an effort of will that
I can continue at all.
5…ideas come pell
-mell.
6 Give me a restless hour or two in bed
and I can solve, to my own satisfaction, all
doubts
of humanity.
7 I am
in the humor that I can compose grand symphonies.
23
/
88
8…find no difficulty in plunging their
earthly parts into oblivion.
9 Taking these fables to heart, I would
resolve to do likewise, and, going
to
bed, would
clench my teeth, look as
determined as possible in the darkness, and
command the immediate
presence of
sleep.
10 I had overlooked the
necessity of having an “iron will”…
11 Who would want to remonstrate and
argue with them?
12 I must confess
that…they unvaryingly fall
asleep…
13 To share a
bedroom with one of these fellows is to lose one?s
faith in human nature, for
even
after
the
most
eventful
day,
there
is
no
comparing
notes
with
them,
no
midnight
confidence, no
casting up the balance of the
day?s
pleasure and pain. They sink, at once, into
stupid,
heavy
slumber,
leaving
you
to
your
own
mental
devices.
And
they
all
snore
abominably!
14 The
artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion, and
only alike in their ineffectuality.
15…has never serve
d my turn.
16…I defy any reasonable man to fall
asleep while mustering a herd of cerulean
swine.
17 …disgusted with
the monotony of life, sleep drew the
curtain.
18…but it was of no
avail.
19…how T was faring
these days…
20…I found
myself meditating on cheese…
21 …bare of anything like fancy and
wit, acts upon us like a dose of
laudanum.
22 I will dismiss
such trivial phantasies…and evoke the phantom of a
crushing, stupendous
Bore.
1
对我来说
,
最能说明事物对立性的莫过
于睡觉这件事了。
24
/
88
With me, nothing illustrates the
contrariness of things better than the matter of
sleep.
2
但是如果让我在很晚的时候躺在被里
,
我除了睡不着觉以外什么事都能做。
But let me be between the sheets at a
late hour, and I can do anything but sleep.
3
人为催眠的方法不胜枚举
,
只是一样都无效。
The
artificial ways of inducing sleep are legion, and
are only alike in their ineffectuality.
Lesson Twelve: Why I write
1 …abandon this idea…
2…I was outraging my true nature…I
should settle down and write books.
3…I soon developed disagreeable
mannerisms
which made me unpopular
throughout my
schooldays.
4…making up stories and holding
conversations with imaginary persons.
5…were mixed up with the feeling of
being isolated and undervalued.
6…I had a facility with
words…
7…I could get my own
back for my fai
lure.
8…picture myself as the hero of
thrilling adventures…
9…be
running through my head…
10
A
yellow
beam
of
sunlight,
filtering
through
the
muslin
curtains,
slanted
on
to
the
table…
11
Although I had to search, and did search, for the
right words, I seemed to be making this
descriptive effort almost against my
will, under a kind of compulsion from outside.
12...it always had the same meticulous
descriptive quality.
13…an added
pleasure.
14…full of
descriptions and arresting similes, and also full
of purpl
e passages.
25
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88
15
His
subject
matter
will
be
determined
by
the
age
he
lives
in---at
least
this
is
true
in
tumultuous, revolutionary
ages like our own---but before he ever begins to
write he will have
acquired an
emotional attitude from which he will never
completely escape. It is his job, no
doubt, to discipline his temperament
and avoid getting stuck at some immature stage, or
in
some
perverse
mood:
but
if
he
escapes
from
his
early
influences
altogether,
he
will
have
killed his impulse to write.
16…to get you
r own back on
grown-
ups who snubbed you in
childhood…
17…It is humbug
to pretend that this is not a motive…
18 …store them up for the use of
posterity.
19…to alter other
people?s idea…that they should strive
after…(
alter,change)
20…no
book is genuinely fre
e from political
bias
21 It can be seen how these
various impulses must war against on another, and
how they
must fluctuate form person to
person and from time to time.
22 By
nature…I am a person in whom the first three
motives would outweigh the fourth.
2
3…an accurate political
orientation.
24…turned the
scale…
25 Everyone writes of
them in one guise or another.
26
The
job
is
to
reconcile
my
ingrained
likes
and
dislikes
with
the
essentially
public,
non-individual activities that this age
forces on all of us.
27 In any case I
find that by the time you have perfected any style
of writing, you have
always outgrown
it.
28…to fuse political purpose and
artistic purpose into one whole.
29 It is bound to be a
failure…
26
/
88
30…like a long bout of some painful
illness.
31…make a baby
squall for attention.
32…to
efface one?s own personality.
33…was betrayed into purple
passages…
1
我介绍这些
背景情况是因为我认为要判定一个作家的写作动机
,
就得对其早
年的经
历有所了解
.
作家的题材总是由
他所处的时代决定的
,
至少在我们这个动荡不安的时代
是如此。
I
give
all
this
background
information
because
I
do
not
think
on
e
can
assess
a
writer?s
motives
without
knowing
something
of
his
early
development.
His
subject
matter
will
be
determined by the age he lives in---at
least this is true in tumultuous ages like our
own.
2
一个人越是意识到了他的政治倾向
,
他就有越多的机会在把作品政治化的同时不偏
废审
美和心智的追求。
The
m
ore
one
is
conscious
of
one?s
political
bias,
the
more
chance
one
has
of
acting
politically without sacrificing one?s
aesthetic and intellectual integrity.
Lesson Thirteen:
Work
1 There is certainly
much work which is exceedingly irksome, and an
excess of work is
always very painful.
2 There are in work all grades, from
mere relief of tedium up to the profoundest
delights…
3…are at a loss to
think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be
worth doing.
4…whatever they
decide on…
5…the exercise of
choice is in
itself tiresome.
6
Most
of
the
idle
rich
suffer
unspeakable
boredom
as
the
price
of
their
freedom
from
27
/
88
drudgery.
7 At times they
may find relief by hunting big game in
Africa…
8…nothing in
comparison with boredom…
9
Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to
impair his vigor, he is likely to find
far more zest in his free time than an
idle man could possibly find.
10…success is measured by
income…
11…as for the extra
comforts that a higher income can
procure.
12…a means of
building up a reputation,
whether in the world at large or only
in one?s own
circle.
13
Continuity of purpose is one of the most essential
ingredients of happiness in the long
run, and for most men this comes
chiefly through their work.
14…are
occupied with housework…
15…is taken for granted by her
husband…
16…does not apply
to those women who are sufficiently
well
-to-
do…
17 The satisfaction of killing time and
of affording some outlet…for ambition…
(kill, spend)
18…may be
arranged in a hierarchy.
19…a boy who can stand on his
head…
20…to be derived from
games of skill.
21…the
outwitting of a skilled opponent.
22 A man who can do stunts in an
aeroplane finds the pleasure so great that for the
sake of
it he is willing to risk his
life.
23 I imagine that an able
surgeon, in spite of the painful circumstances in
which his work is
28
/
88
done, derives satisfaction from
exquisite precision of his operations.
24…beat his own previous
record.
25…a very
considerable amount of
work…(
considerable, considerate)
26…new circumstances call for new
skill…
27…men are at their
best
between sixty and
seventy…
28…successful
politicians are apt to be happier…
29…though
by
no
means
in
most,
something
is
built
up
which
remains
as
a
monument
when the work is
completed.
30…by the following
criterion.
31…is
comparatively haphazard…
32…the final state of affairs embodies
a purpose.
33 This criterion
applies in the most literal and obvious
case…
34…as a preliminary to
subsequent construction…
35…a man will engage in activities of
which the purpose is destructive
witho
ut regard to
any
construction that come after.
36
Frequently he will conceal this from himself by
the belief that he is only sweeping sway
in order to build afresh…
37…it is generally possible to unmask
this pretense…
38…other
apostles of violence.
39
They
are actuated…by hatred…
40…is delightful to
contemplate…
41…without ever
coming to a dead end
1
因此人们愿意工作
,
首先是工作可防止无聊感。<
/p>
29
/
88
Work is desirable, first and foremost,
as a preventive of boredom.
2
多数工作能使人满意地消磨时间
,
而且给人们实现抱负提供
某种可能是微不足道的
途径
,
这种满足
感足以让一个做无聊工作的人比一个无事可做的人快乐。
The satisfaction of killing time and of
affording some outlet, however modest, for
ambition,
belongs to most work, and is
sufficient to make even a man whose work is dull
happier on
the average than a man who
has no work at all.
3
然而
,
最佳工作还有另一个要素
,
< br>它比运用技能更能给人带来快乐
.
这就是建设性。
There
is,
however,
another
element
possessed
by
the
best
work,
which
is
even
more
important
as
a
source
of
happiness
than
is
the
exercise
of
skill.
This
is
the
element
of
constructiveness.
Lesson
Fourteen: I would like to tell you
something
1…we held an
investigation in Detroit…
2…over
150
honorably
discharged
veteran
s,
many
of
them
highly
decorated,
testified
to
war crimes committed in
Indochina…
3…crimes
committed on a day
-to-day basis with
the full awareness of officers at all levels
of command.
4The
investigation was not staged so that veterans
could spill out their hearts or purge their
souls…(
purge, clean)
5…the policy…is tantamount to
genocide…
6 There was an
almost total press blackout on the testimony of
those veterans.
7…it
would
never
get
by
his
desk
because
the
Army
would
rescind
the
magazine?s
accreditation
to cover the war…
30
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88
8 But the press isn?t the only party in
this country that?s guilty of this rampant
insensitivity.
9…a New
York
-
based firm…
10…get transcripts of the testimony…
(
transcript, manuscript)
11…press our demands for open hearings,
I was told in seriousness…
12 I don?t think you can market war
crimes…
13…this
de
-
sensitizing started a
long ago in this country…
14…the message begins to sink
in…
15There is no longer any
moral indignation. (indignation, anger)
16…past indignities inflicted on
them.
17…we dismissed the
loss of 700,000 lives…
18…we?re in the midst of the greatest
disaster of all time…
19 And
the mass of people in this country literally don?t
give a damn. After all, you can
switch
off the TV news and put on Dick Van Dyke. We are
not on food rationing; people can
still
charge prostitutes on credit cards; so what if a
few lives are used to save American face
in an unsaveable situation?
20…we have accepted a differentiation
fed us by the Administration.
21 It?s absolutely incredible that
th
is country is ready to accept this
kind of hypocrisy.
22…with
a sense of anger and betrayal which nobody has yet
grasped.
23 He spoke of how
some people glamorize the criminal misfits of
society while the best
men die in Asian
rice paddies to preserve the freedoms that those
misfits abuse.
24…this is a terrible
distortion from which we draw only the deepest
revulsion.
25
It
is
a
distortion
because
we
in
no
way
considered
ourselves
the
“best
men”
in
this
country, because those
he called misfits were standin
g up for
us in a way…
31
/
88
26…to demand an immediate withdrawal
from Vietnam. (
withdraw, retreat)
27…to lie in rancid hospitals which fly
the flag that Mr. Agnew holds so close.
28…to attempt to justify the loss of
one American life… by saying that that kind
of
loss of
life is linked to
the preservation of freedom, is to play exactly
the kind of criminal hypocrisy
that has
torn this country apart.
29…from want
of support from our so
-called allies.
30 We saw first hand the
money…squandered by a corrupt
dictatoria
l regime.
31 We
saw Vietnam ravaged equally by…
32…America blamed it all on the Viet
Cong.
33…we rationalized
destroying villages to save them…
34…handing out chewing gum and
chocolate bars.
35...to be
escalated into the most important stands of the
war…
3
6…exercise
the incredible arrogance of Vietnamizing the
Vietnamese.
(arrogance,
pride)
37…to sue the Veterans
Administration…
38…are on
dope.
39…now numbering 7,000
men and growing, are marching on
Washington
---in uniform,
wearing medals.
40 We are
paying homage to the dead in Arlington.
41…with families of the deceased,
families of prisoners of wa
42…we won?t move until they set a date
for withdrawal of troops from Vietnam.
43…the
judiciary
of
this
country
rule
on
the
Massachusetts
bill
which
calls
for
the
declaration
that the Vietnam war is unconstitutional.
32
/
88
44…this is a time to be
dormant.
45 The war is part
and parcel of everything that we are
trying…
46 The problem of
Vietnam is not just the problem of war and
diplomacy; it?s a problem of
the very
basic American idealism that we are trying to
question.
47…killed the Indians in an
ambush.
48…he found himself
doing to the Vietnamese…
49…he had been conditioned by America
to applaud.
1
但是美
国所不知的是，几百万战斗人员，受过从事暴力斗争的训练，并得到过历史
上最大的无谓
之举去死的机会．他们变成了一个美国自己制造的可怕的力量。
But what this country doesn't know is
that America has created a monster in the form of
millions of fighting men who have been
taught to deal in violence and who have been given
a chance to die for the biggest nothing
in history.
2
就政策问题而言
,
我们和你们对同样的事物感到愤怒
---
我们的愤怒更强烈些
,
因为用
以检验这些政策的东西是我们这些人的性命。
We?re
angry about the same things you are in terms of
policy
---a little angrier because our
lives were the things used to test
those policies.
3
他将把自己军装所象征
的一切美好东西、
代表家园的苹果与母爱及为国效力时所得
的勋
章统统带去放在美国人民面前，向他们讲述事实的真相。
He?s going to take all the goodness of
his uniform, all the apple pie and motherhood and
medals
in
the
service
of
his
country,
and
he?s
going
to
place
it
before
the
people
of
this
country, telling it like it really is.
Lesson Fifteen: The beauty
industry
33
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88
1…unaffected by the general depression
of trade is the beauty industry.
2…accepted
as
being
substantially
true…surprised
by
the
comparative
smallness
of
the
sums expended.
3…the
prodigious number of
advertisements of
aids to beauty…
4…a tidy sum.
5…a
face can cost as much in upkeep as a
Rolls
-Royce.
6
Perhaps the soap will produce its loudly
advertised effects; perhaps it will transform them
into the likeness of those ravishing
creatures who smile so rosily and creamily, so
peachily
and pearlily, from every
hoarding.
7…are still as much beyond
most European means…
8 The
rich have always cultivated their personal
appearance.
9 The diffusion of
wealth…now permits those of the poor who are less
badl
y off than their
fathers
to do the same.
10 The modern cult of
beauty is not exclusively a function of wealth.
11…the personal appearance industries
would have been hardly hit by the trade depression
as any other business.
12
Women are retrenching on others things than their
faces.
13…be symptomatic of changes
that have taken place outside the economic
sphere.
14…to exercise the
more pleasing, feminine privilege of being
attractive.
15…does her best
to achieve and perennially preserve the
appearance…
16 We concede
that the Matron is morally justified in being
preoccupied with her personal
appearance. (preoccupied, occupied)
17 We demand justice for the body as
well as for the soul.
34
/
88
18
The
campaign
for
more
physical
beauty
seems
to
both
a
tremendous
success
and
a
lamentable failure.
19 It is
a success in so far as more women retain their
youthful appearance to a greater age
than in the past.
20…will come to be almost
indistinguishable.
21 This
desirable consummation will be due in art to skin
foods…
22 Beauty that is
merely the artificial shadow of these symptoms of
health is intrinsically
of poorer
quality than the genuine article. (intrinsically,
instinctively)
23 Still, it is a
sufficiently good imitation to be something
mistakable for the real thing.
24 The
apparatus for mimicking the symptoms of health is
now within the reach of every
moderately prosperous person. (mimic,
imitate)
25 The jar my be empty or
tenanted by spiders…
26…her
beauty is therefore not skin deep.
27 The surface of the human vessel is
affected by the nature of its spiritual contents.
28…by the standards of a connoisseur of
porcelain…
29 Spiritual
emptiness or ugliness shows through.
30
And
conversely,
there
is
an
interior
light
that
can
transfigure
forms
that
the
pure
aesthetician would regard as imperfect
or downright ugly.
31…one sees very
often a kind of bored sullenness that ruins all
their charm.
32 But the
sullen boredom of which I have spoken was so
deeply stamped into their fresh
faces…
33 Still
commoner and no less repellent is the hardness
which spoils so many faces.
34…where
this over
-
painting is most
pronounced…
35
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88
35 It turns out to be imperfectly
alive.
36…allow themselves to be
possessed and hagridden by monomaniacal vices, the
cult of
beauty is destined to be
ineffectual.
37 All men and women will
be beautiful only when the social arrangements
give to every
one of them an
opportunity to live completely an
harmoniously…
38 We must be
content with moderate hopes.
1
因而对美貌的狂热崇拜必定表现了经济领域以外发生的变化。
The cult of beauty must therefore be
symptomatic of changes that have taken place
outside
the economic sphere.
2
真正的美内在和外表同样重要。
Real beauty is as much
an
affair of the inner
as of the outer
self.
3
人这一容器受其精神内涵的影响。
The surface of the human vessel is
affected by the nature of its spiritual contents.
4
只要这种不和谐继续存在下去
,<
/p>
只要有阴沉厌倦的理由
,
只要人类允许自
己沉溺于罪
恶之中为其纠缠困扰
,
那么
对美貌的狂热崇拜便注定是徒劳的。
So long as
such disharmonies continue to exist, so long as
there is good reason for sullen
boredom,
so
long
as
human
beings
allow
themselves
to
be
possessed
and
hagridden
by
monomaniacal vices, the cult of beauty
is destined to be ineffectual.
Lesson Sixteen: A job
interview
1 The senor
partner studied the resume for the hundredth time
and again found nothing he
disliked
about Mitchell Y
. Mcdeere, at least not
on paper. He had the brains, the ambition, the
good looks. And he was hungry, with his
background, he had to be. He was married, and that
36
/
88
was
mandatory.
The
firm
also
frowned
heavily
on
divorce,
as
well
as
womanizing
and
drinking. Drug testing was in the
contract. He had a degree in accounting and wanted
to be a
tax lawyer, which was of course
a requirement with a tax firm.
2 They
learned among other things, that he was holding
three job offers…
3 He was
in demand.
4…he owed close to $$23,000
in student loans.
5 He had
been brought along to look young and act young and
project a youthful image
for…
6…with money
to burn.
7…he asked with a
huge smile and a hand thrust forward.
8 Lamar grabbed his shoulder and let
him across the spacious room…
9 They were exceedingly warm and
cordial. Macdeere was a seasoned veteran in the
search
of employment.
10With
three job offers from three of the most
prestigious firms in the country, he didn?t
need this interview, this firm.
11 He was there out of curiosity. And
he longed for warmer weather.
12
…the senior partner who
was in charge of the recruiting.
13…we take pride in that…we offer the
highest salary and fringes in the country, and I?m
not exaggerating. So we are very
selective. We selected you.
(select, choose)
14
The
letter
you
received
last
month
was
sent
after
we
screened
over
two
thousand
thirty-year students at the best
schools.
15 We don?t advertise openings
and we don?t solicit applications. We keep a low
profile,
and we do things differently.
37
/
88
16 Mitch smiled and nodded and played
along.
17 How are you ranked in your
class?
18
“I
don?t
imagine
Western
Kentucky
is
much
of
an
academic
school,”
Lamar
blurted
with a stupid grin,
and immediately wished he could take it back.
19 All the three people froze, and for
a few seconds stared incredulously at each other.
This
guy knew Lamar went to Kansas
State. He had never met Lamar and had no idea who
would
appear on behalf of the firm and
conduct the interview. Yet, he knew. He had
checked them
out. He had read the
biographical sketches of all of the forty-one
lawyers in the firm, and in a
split
second he had recalled that Lamar had gone to
Kansas State. They were impressed.
20
Oliver Lambert cleared his throat and decided to
get personal again.
21 I can live with
all that.
22 We reserve the right to
test any member of the firm for drug use.
23…they had to shadowbox around the
issue…
24 So hit them with a
soft question first.
25 They nodded and
approved of the question.
26 If you
pursue a master?s in taxation, we?ll pay for
it.
27 But you?ll be
paid
handsomely.
28 The
smile vanished and he regained his composure.
29 You?ve got to pay your
dues…
30 They watched him
carefully to make sure all of this sank in.
1
我们与众不同
< br>,
并为此而骄傲
.
本公司有
41
名律师
,
所以
和别的公司相比
,
我们公司很
小
.
我们不雇太多的人
;
大约每隔一年招一个
.
我们这儿的工资和福利待遇是全国最高
的
,
我可不是吹牛。
38
/
88
We are different, and we take pride in
that. We have forty-one lawyers, so we are small
compared with other firms. We don?t
hire too many people; about one every other
y
ear. We
offer the highest
salary and fringes in the country, and I?m not
exaggerating.
2
我
们公司坚决反对酗酒和玩女人这种事
,
而且认为公司利益高于一
切
.
我们采取低调
态度
,
所以收入颇丰。
Our
firm frowns on drinking and chasing women. We put
business ahead of everything. We
keep
low profiles and we work very hard. And we make
plenty of money.
Book
Two
Lesson One: The company in
which I work
1…drained by
time and success of energy and
ambition.
2…not even the
people who are credited with running
it…
3 Green distrusts me
fitfully.
4 I will bypass him on
most of our assignments…
5 Most of the work we do in my
department is, in the long run, trivial.
6 He turns scarlet with rage and
embarrassment.
7 They live and work
under pressure…
8 They are
always on trial, always on the verge of
failure…
9 They strain…to
look good on paper…
10 The
figures are photocopied and distributed throughout
the company to all the people
and
departments whose work is related to selling.
11…there is almost continuous public
scrutiny…
12…for fear they
may start doing worse.
13
When a salesman lands a large order or brings in
an important new account, his elation
39
/
88
is brief…
14…brooding miserably about the
future…
15…has a grudge
against him and is determined to wreck his
career.
(grudge, malice)
16…with large personal expense accounts
that they squander generously on other people…
(squander, spend)
17…will
pay for their country club membership and all
charges they incur there…
18
If a salesman?s wife dies and he is not ready to
remarry, he is usually moved into an
administrative position after several
months of mourning.
19
Stragely
enough,
the
salesmen
react
very
well
to
the
constant
pressure
and
rigid
supervision to which
they are subjected. They are stimulated and
motivated by discipline and
direction.
They thrive on explicit guidance toward clear
objectives.
20
There
must
be something
in
the
makeup of
a
man
that
enables him
not
only
to
be
a
salesman, but to want to
be one.
21 they are no longer permitted
to undertake large projects.
22 But
that doesn?t seem to matter…
23…the informati
on come from
a reputable source.
24 People in the
Market Research Department are never held to blame
for conditions they
discover outside
the company that place us at a competitive
disadvantage.
25
They
are
not
expected
to
change
reality,
but
merely
to
find
it
if
they
can
suggest
ingenious ways of disguising it.
(ingenious, ingenuous)
26…in converting
whole truths into half truths and half truths into
whole ones.
27 I am very
good at these techniques of deception, although I
am not always able anymore
40
/
88
to deceive myself. In fact, I am
continuously astonished by people in the company
who fall
victim to their own
propaganda. There are so many now who actually
believe that what we
do is really
important.
28…the shrewd, capable
executives in top management.
29…we
launch a
new advertising campaign…the first ones to be
taken in.
30 We wise
grownups here at the company go sliding in and out
all day long, scaring each
other at our
desks and trying to evade the people who frighten
us.
31 We goose-step in and goose-step
out, change our partners and wander all about, and
go
back home till we all drop dead.
32…or with my retarded son…
33 I am bored with my work very often
now. Everything routine that comes in I pass along
to somebody else.
34
Actually, I enjoy
my
work
when the assignments are large and urgent and
somewhat
frightening and will come to
the attention of many people. I get scared, and
unable to sleep at
night, but I usually
perform at my best under this stimulating kind of
pressure and enjoy my
job the most. I
handle all of these important projects myself, and
I rejoice with tremendous
pride and
vanity in the compliments I receive when I do them
well. But between such peaks
of
challenge and elation there is monotony and
despair. (compliment, complement)
35…there
is a
large, emotional letdown…
36
I frequently feel I?m being taken advantage
of…
37 These exercises in
malice never fail to boost my spirits…
38…he would give you a resounding No!,
regardless of what inducements were
offered.
1
我想只有智者
才会知道自己是傻瓜
,
只有最诚实的人才知道自己是骗子。
41
/
88
It?s a wise person, I guess, who knows
he?s dumb, and an honest person who knows he?s a
liar.
2
我现在经常对工作非
常厌烦。
每项常规的工作我总是交给其他人处理。
而这使我更<
/p>
加感到厌烦。要判断究竟是干令人生厌的工作烦人，还是将令人生厌的工作交给他人
处理，然后无所事事更烦人，这真是个问题。
I am bored with my work very often now.
Everything routine that comes in I pass along to
somebody
else.
This
makes
my
boredom
worse.
It?s
a real
problem
to
decide
whether
it?s
more
boring to do something boring than to pass along
everything boring that comes in to
somebody else and then have nothing to
do at all.
3
但是在这种挑战与兴奋的颠峰之间是单调与绝望。
But between such peaks of challenge and
elation there is monotony and despair.
Lesson Two:
Eveline
1 She sat at the
window watching the evening invade the avenue.
2 Her head was leaned against the
window curtains…
3…bright
brick houses with
shining roofs.
4…hunt them in out of
the field with his blackthorn stick…
5 …keep nix…
6
She looked around the room, reviewing all its
familiar objects…
7…pass it
with a casual word…
8 She
had consented to go away…
9
She tried to weigh each side of the question.
10 She had always had an edge on
her…
42
/
88
11 Even now, though she was over
nineteen, she sometimes felt herself in danger of
her
father?s violence.
12…had given her the
palpitations.
13…he had
never gone for her…
14…what
he would do to her only for her mother?s
sake.
15…the
invariable
squabble
for
money
on
Saturday
nights
had
begun
to
weary
her
unspeakably.
16 He said she
used to squander the money, that she had no head,
that he wasn?t going to
give her his
hard-earned money to throw a
bout the
streets…
17…she elbowed her
way through the crowds and returning home late
under her load of
provisions.
18 She had hard work to keep the house
together and to see that the two young children
who had been left to her charge went to
school regularly and got their meals regularly.
19
She
was
about
to
explore
another
life
with
Frank.
Frank
was
very
kind,
manly,
open-hearted.
20…he was
lodging in a house…
21…his
peaked cap pushed back on his head and his hair
tumbled forward over a face of
bronze.
(stumble, tumble)
22 He had fallen on
his feet in Buenos Ayres…
23
The evening deepened in the avenue.
24…when she had been laid up for a
day…
25…inhaling the odour
of dusty cretonne.
26…her
promise to keep the home together as long as she
could.
43
/
88
27…she heard
a melancholy
air of Italy.
28 As she mused the
pitiful vision of her mother?s life laid its spell
on the very quick of her
being---that
life of commonplace sacrifices closing in final
craziness.
29 Frank would take her in
his arms, fold her in his arms.
30
She stood among the swaying crowd in
the station…
31…saying
something about the passage over and over
again.
32…she caught a
glimpse of the black mass of the boat…with
illumined portholes.
33 She
felt her cheek pale and cold and , out of a maze
of distress, she prayed to God to
direct her, to show her what was her
duty. The boat blew a mournful whistle into the
mist. If
she went, tomorrow she would
be on the sea with Frank, steaming towards Buenos
Ayres.
Their passage had been booked.
Could she still draw back after all he done for
her?
34 Her distress awoke a nausea in
her body and she kept moving her lips in silent
fervent
prayer.
35 Amid the
sea she sent a cry of anguish. (anguish, agony)
1
她坐在窗前见暮色笼罩着街头
.<
/p>
她的头靠在窗帘上
,
鼻腔里是提花窗帘上
尘土气味
.
她累了。
She
sat
at
the
window
watching
the
evening
invade
the
avenue.
Her
head
was
leaned
against the window curtains, and in her
nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was
tired.
2
她站在靠北墙车站
的蠕动的人群中
.
他握着她的手
,
她知道他在跟她说话
,
一遍有一
遍地讲有关这次旅行的事。
She stood
among the swaying crowd in the station at he North
Wall. He held her hand and
she
knew
that
he
was
speaking
to
her,
saying
something
about
he
passage
over
and
over
44
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88
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