-
形容词的比较级和最高级
构成
?
构成法
1.
单音节词末尾加
-er
和
-est
2.
单音节词如以
-e
结尾
,
只加
-r
和
-st
原级
比较级
最高级
greatest
bravest
finest
biggest
hottest
happiest
cleveres
t
narrowes
t ablest
great
伟大
greater
的
brave
勇敢
braver
的
finer
fine
好的
3.
闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个
big
大的
bigger
辅音字母
,
须双写该辅音字母
,
再加
-er
和
hot
热的
hotter
-est
4.
少数以
-y,-er,-ow, -ble
结尾的双音
节词
,
末尾加
-er,
和
-est(
以
-y
结尾的词
,
如
-y
前是辅音
字母
,
则变
y
为
i,
再加
-er
和
-est
；以
-e
结尾的词仍只加
-r
和
-st)
happy
快乐
happier
的
cleverer
clever
聪明
narrower
的
narrow
狭窄
abler
的
able
能
most
5.
其他双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单
difficult
more
difficul
词
more
和
most
困难的
difficult
t
特殊点
（１）
有些单音节词的比较等级常
用
more
和
most,
如
glad,fond,shy,sly(
但
like
只可用
more
和
most)
。
Ｅｇ．
I am not more
glad than you.
我可没像你那样高兴。
Uncle Jack was more like a book of
reference to my
father.
杰克大叔对
我父亲来说真是一部参考书。
（２）
有些单音节词用
-er
和
-est
或
more
和
most
皆可
,
如
free,clear
等。
Ｅｇ．
I'm clearer/more clear about it than before.
对这事
,
我比以前更清楚了。
（３）
有些双音节词用
-er
和
-est
或
more
和
most
皆可
,
在当代英
语中似有多用
more
和
most
< br>的趋势
,
如：
secure,c
ruel,pretty,lively
等。
Ｅｇ．
She
looks
prettier/more
pretty
with
long
hair
than
with
short
hair.
她留长发比留短发漂亮。
The patient seems a little
livelier/more lively this
morning.
这位病人今天早上精神似乎好些了。?
（４）
分词形容词的比较等级一律
用
more
和
most
。
Ｅｇ．
I felt
more tired this
morning.
今天上午我感觉比较疲倦。
Skiing is more exciting than
skating.
滑雪比滑冰更激动人心。
The report is most
alarming.
这个报告最为扰乱人心。
英语里有些形容词的比较等级的变化是不规则的。
good well better
best
bad ill worse
worst
many much more
most
little few less
least
far farther
farthest
或
further
furthest
old older
oldest
或
elder eldest
late later latest
latter last
（５）
形
容词前可加
less
和
least,<
/p>
表示“较不”和“最不”。
Ｅｇ．
Short
sight
is
less
common
among
the
young
students
in
this
country.
近视在这个国家的青少年学生中较为少见。
The flaw in this stamp makes it less va
luable.
这张邮票因为有
点瑕疵
,
不那么值钱。
She's no
less active than she used to
be.
她和以往一样活跃。
He
has less strength than I
have.
他的力气比我小。
It
is less cold than it was
yesterday.
天气没有昨天那样冷。
比较级表示法
（
1
）
“A+谓语
+as+
形容词原级+as+B
”表示
A
和
B
同等程度。
eg. I'm not as
tall as he.
我没有他高。
The march of events is as fast
as we thought.
事情的发
展就如我们所料的那样
快。
(2)
“A+谓语
+
形容词比较级+than+B”表示
A
超过
B
。
eg. The
first
is
better
than
the
second
．第一个比第二个好。
The doctor's fees were higher than we e
xpected.
医生的酬金比
我们预计的要高。
(3)
“the+比较级?,the+比较级
?”表示
B
随着
A
的增长程度而平
行增长
,
译为“越
?越?”。
eg. The busier I
am,the happier I feel.
我越忙
,
越高兴。
The
lazier
you
are,the
poorer
you
will
be.
你越懒
,
就越穷。
The
more
careful
you
are,the
less
mistakes
you
would
make.
你越仔细
,
出错越少。
The more problems you think
about,the cleverer you will
become.
你考虑的问题越多
,
你就会越聪明。
(4)
“比较级
+
and+
比较级”表示“越来越?”。
eg. As he got older,he became more and
more fond of comfort.
随着年龄的增长
,
他越来越喜欢安逸。
The
summer is coming,it is getting hotter and hotter.<
/p>
夏天
来了
,
天气
越来越热。
Things
are
getting
better
and
better
.
情况一天比一天好起来。
(5)
A+
谓语
+
倍数
+as+
形容词原级
+as+B
A
+
谓语
+
倍数
+
比较级
+than+B
A+
谓语
+
倍数
+the
size/height/length/weight of+B
eg.
There are now five times as many schools in our
town as
in 1979.
我们城里的学校比
1979
年增加了
4
倍
。
Asia is four times larger
than Europe.
亚洲比欧洲大
3
倍。
This desk is
twice the size of that one.
这张桌子是那张桌子的
两倍大。
最高级表示法
(1)
形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较
,
其结构一
般是“定冠
词
the+
形容词最高级<
/p>
+
表示范围的短语或从句”。
eg. She is the tallest
among her classmates.
她在她同学之中
是最高的。
He is
the most honorable
of
men
.
他是品行最为高尚的人。
This book is the most difficult
that I have ever
read.
这本书是我所读过的最难读的一本书。
(2)
形容词的最高级也可以用“形容词的比较级
+than+any
other+
单数名词”或“形容词的比较级
+than+an
y of the
other+
名词的复
数”来表示。
eg. That city is larger than any other
city in that
country.
那座城市是该国最大的城市。
John is taller than any other boy in
the class.
约翰比班上其
他的男生都高。
He is more experienced than any
of the other teachers in our
school.
他是我们学校最有经验的老师。
(3)<
/p>
形容词的最高级作表语
,
如果没有表示比
较的范围或者说不与别
的人或物进行比较
,
形容词的最高级前常常不加冠词。
ion is
most serious in this
area.
这个地区的污染最严
重。
Vegetables are best when they are
fresh.
蔬菜新鲜的时候最
好。?
(
４
)
形容词
的最高级前如果有物主代词
,
不再加定冠词。
< br>
ｅｇ．
This is my best
coat.
这是我最好的大衣。
She is doubtless my best
friend.
她无疑是我最好的朋友。
I
sent you my best wishes on this happy occasion.
在这快乐的
时刻我向你致以最好的祝愿。
没有比较级和最高级的形容词
１．
表示“完全”“特别”等意义的形容词。
２．
complete
完全的
empty
空的
entire
整个的
excellent
优秀的
fatal
致命的
final
最终的
full
满的
hopeless
无望的
impossible
不可能
per
fect
完美的
relative
相对
的
total
完全的
universal
全体的
whole
整个的
３．表示“极限”“主次”等的形容词。
basic
基本的
chief<
/p>
主要的
extreme
极端的
first
第一的
main
主要的
major
较大的
maximum
最大的
< br> minimum
最小的
minor
较小的
primary<
/p>
首要的
supreme
至上的
wonderful
极好的
４
．表示“独一无二”的形容词。
mere
仅仅
only
仅有的
single
唯一的
unique
独特的
５．
表示“强调”的形容词。
favourite
最受喜欢的
own
自己的
simple
纯粹的
very
正是的
６．
表示“状态”的形容词。
alight
着火的
ashamed
羞耻的
asleep
睡着的
awake
醒着的
blind
瞎的
deaf
聋的
dumb
跛的
dead
死的?
７．
表示“性质”“材料”“国籍”等的形容词。
American
美国的
economic
经济的
false
错的
golden
金制的
illegal
非法的
scient
ific
科学的
sufficient
充足的
true
真实的
wooden
木制的
woolen
羊毛的
８．
表示“时间”的形容词。
daily
每天的
weekly
每周
的
present
目前的
future
将来的
９．
表示“几何形状”等的形容词。
circular
圆形的
level
水平
的
round
圆形的
square
四方的
straight
直的
hollow
空的
练习题
1
（一）
写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：
long_____ ______ wide
______ _______ fat ____ _____
heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______
few____ _____
brightly______ -_____ bably _____
_______ far____ _____
quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______
unhappy________
(
二
)
用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. Of the two girls, I find
Lucy the _______ (clever).
2. Gold(
黄金
) is
______ (little) useful than
iron(
铁
).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old
) than I.
4.
John
’
s parents have four
daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.
5. The _____ (cheap) bags
are the not usually the best ones.
6. The short one is by far _______
expensive of the five.
7.
The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his
brother.
8. Dick sings
_____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John,
but Mary sings______(well)
in her
class.
9. She will be much
______ (happy) in her mew house.
10. This dress is ______ that.(twice, a
s
…
as
…
,
expensive)
(
四
)
翻译句子：
1
．
本书跟那本书一样有趣。
This book is
_____ _____ _____ that one.
2
．
你游泳没有你弟弟好。
You
can
’
t swim _____ _____ _____
your brother.
3
．
今天比昨天冷的多。
It is _____ ______
today______ it was yesterday.
4
．
对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。
This story is
_____ ______ ______ than that one.
5
．
他比我大两岁。
He is _____ ______
______ than I.
6
．
这个故事不如那个有趣。
This story is
_____ _____ _____ than that one.
7
．
她的身体状况一天天好起来。
He is getting
_____ ______ ______ every day.
8.
他对英语越来越感兴趣。
He
is becoming ______ _____ _______ _____ ______
English.
9.
他吃的越多，人越胖。
The
more he eats, the _______ he gets.
10.
你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。
Yo
ur question is _______ ______ ______ of two.
最佳答案
一）
写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：
long_longer longest wide
wider widest fat _fatter fattest
heavy_heavier heaviest slow slower
slowest few_fewer fewest
brightly__more
brightly
most
brightly
-_____
bably
_more
bably
most
bably
far
farther
farthest
quickly
_more
quickly
most
quickly
happy_happier
happiest
unhappy_more
unhapper
most unhappy_______
(
二
)
用所给词的正确形式填
空：
1. Of the two
girls, I find Lucy the _more clever______
(clever).
2.
Gold(
黄金
) is _less_ (little)
useful than iron(
铁
).
3. My sister is two years
___older____ (old ) than I.
4. John
’
s parents
have four daughters, and she is the _youngest____
(young) child.
5. The
___cheapest__ (cheap) bags are the not usually the
best ones.
6. The short one
is by far __more_____ expensive of the five.
7. The boy is not so
____interested__ (interesting) as his brother.
8.
Dick
sings
___well__
(well),
she
sings
___better___(well)
than
John,
but
Mary
sings___best___(well) in her class.
9. She will be much
____happier__ (happy) in her mew house.
10. This dress is __twice
as more expensive as____ that.(twice, as
…
as
…
, expensive)
(
四
)
翻译句子：
1
．
本书跟那本书一样有趣。
This book is
___as_ __interesting___ as_____ that one.
2
．
你游泳没有你弟弟好。
You
can
’
t swim ___as__
well_____as _____ your brother.
3
．
今天比昨天冷的多。
It is __much___
colder______ today__than____ it was yesterday.
4
．
对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。
This story is
_much more interesting_ than that one.
5
．
他比我大两岁。
He is ___two years
older__ than I.
6
．
这个故事不如那个有趣。
This story is
___not__ more__interesting___ _____ than that
one.
7
．
她的身体状况一天天好起来。
He is getting
_better and better every day.
8.
他对英语越来越感兴趣。
He
is becoming ___more and more interested in_
English.
9.
他吃的越多，人越胖。
The
more he eats, the __fatter he gets.
10.
你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。
Y
our question is __the___more difficult_ of two.
I.
形容词比较级练习
1. Bob
never does his homework___ Mary. He makes lots of
mistakes.
A. so careful as B. as
carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as
air in our town is _ than it used to
be. Something must be done to it.
A.
very good B. much better C. rather than D.
even worse
3. I feel __ better than
yesterday. A. more B. very C. the D. far
4. China has a large population than __
in the world.
A. all the countries B.
every country
C. any country D. any
other country
book is __ on the
subject .
A. the much best B. much the
best C. very much best D. very the best
sick boy is getting __ day by day.
B. bad C. badly C. worst
necklace looks __ and__ sells__.
A.
well, well B. good, nice C. nice, good D. nice,
well
8. Doctor Wang ___ heart operation
A. is interested on B. like doing C.
does well in D. is good at
population
of Shangdong is__ than that Sichuan.
A.
smaller B. larger C. less D. large
10.I
didn’t
go shopping
didn’t
__.
A. so
B. either C. too C. neither
11.___
delicious the food is!
B . how a C.
What D. What a
12. What animal do like
___? I like all kinds of animals.
练习题
2
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