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语法填空和短文改错——介词
一
.
高考感知
1.
But my
connection with pandas goes back ____ my days on
TV show in
the mid-1980s, when I was
the first Western TV reporter permitted
to film a special unit caring for
pandas rescued from starvation
in the
wild.
2.
Most of us are more focused _____ our
tasks in the morning than we
are later
in the day.
3.
In India, for example, most people
traditionally eat _____ their
hands.
4.
The mother
continued to care for the young panda_____ more
than
two years.
5.
For those who
fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour
away______ car and
offers all the
scenery of the better-known city.
6.
Suddenly I saw
a faint light ______ the distance. I waved my
white
scarf as hard as
possible.
二．提分技法
１.“是否宾语”作依据
介词必须要
接宾语，宾语通常由名词、代词、动名词或者
what
从句充当
。
若空格后是名词、代词或动名词且他们在句中不作主语、表语和动词的宾语，
则要考虑介词。
2.“四种方法”来确定
（
1
）根据介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系。
（
2
）根据语境含义结合介词的用法。
（
3
）根据特殊的
结构关系。（如接复合宾语就只能用
with
或
without
）
(4)
根据介词与动词等的搭配。
三．考点归纳
考点一
相近介词如何辨析
和
in:
二者均表示在某一段时间之后，但该时段的起点不同。
< br>
(1)
in
：以此刻为起点的将来一个时段之后，常与将来时态的谓语动词连
用。
(2)
after:
A.
与表示一段时间的词连用，常与过去时态的谓语动词连用，这时相当于“一
段时
间+later”。
. He left home and
went to the front after two days./two days
later.
B
．与表示时间点的词连用，常与将来时态的谓语动词连用。
. I’ll go and see her after three
o’clock.
易错误区：
“in
the past”意为“在过去”，与过去时态的谓语动词连用。
. In the past, no villagers dared do
that.
“in the past/last+时间段”
意为“在过去地…中
/
内”表示从现在算起
过去的一段时间，包括此时此刻在内，常与现在完成时连用。
. In the past/last few years, great
changes have taken place in
this
village.
2
．表示空间和方位的介词
across, over, through,
past
across:
“横穿，穿
越”表示运动发生在物体的表面。
over
:
意为“跨过，越过”表示运动发生在物体的上方。
through:
意为“穿过，通过”表示运动发生在某物的内部。
past:
意为“从旁边经过”，表示运动发生在某物旁边。
3.
表示工具、手段、方式的介词
(1) by , in,
on
三词都表示出行方式。
A. b
y:
表示“乘坐…交通工具”或“通过…方式”（涉及交通工具的名词时用
by
，但名词需须用单数，其前面不加冠词和任何修饰语）
< br>
by sea, by train, by water,
by ship
等。
B.
旅行方式涉及到确定的交通工具时，用
on
或<
/p>
in,
名词前应有冠词、物主代
词、指示
代词等修饰语，如：
travel to New York
in this plane go to school on my
bike
温馨提示：
表示步行、骑马
等均可用
on
，
如
on foot, on a horse, on the
camel
(2). with,
by , in, through
几词均译为“用”，表示行为的工具、手段或
方式。
A.
with
用于有形的工具或身体某些器官等，其后的名词多被冠词、
无物主代
词修饰。
. We see
with our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with
our legs.
B. by, on,
through
等多用于无形的工具或方式手段。
如
by hand,
on the telephone, through the
telescope
C.
in
当“用”讲时，后常接表示语言、材料、原料等的词。
in ink, in French, in
cash.
(3).
表达“用…方
法
/
方式”时
in
this/that/the same way
by this/that
means, by means
of..
with
this/that..method
单句填空练习
1
：
1.
But my
connection with pandas goes back___ my days on a
TV show in
the mid-1980s, when I was
the first Western TV reporter
permitted
…
..
2.
Most of us are
more focused____ our tasks in the morning than we
are later in the day.
3.
In India, for
example, most people traditionally eat_____ their
hands.
4.
The mother
continued to care for the young panda ____more
than two
days.
5.
For those who
fly to Guilin, it
’
s only an
hour away ___car and
offers all the
scenery of the better-known city.
6.
He sold or
exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby____
other food and made cheese and butter
for the family with what was
left.
7.
OK.
Don
’
t laugh __ me. I may
look funny.
单句填空练习
2
：
1.
She apologized for the mistake and gave
us a spare VIP room on___
top
floor.
2.
Now, years later, this river is one of
____ most outstanding
examples of
environmental cleanup.
3.
The poor
officer was left with_____ fast decision to
make.
4.
I have ______ affection for cooking
with coconut milk and also
fried
food.
5.
I did have to go, but I can show you
_____ reason why I
stayed
．
6.
After lunch,
she kindly asked me if she could give me_____ ride
to
somewhere.
考点二：介词易错点有哪些（结合短文改错中介词的多用，漏用）
1.
及物动词后误加介词：
（
1
）
serve
为…服务，
如
serve people,
serve
后不加
for
（
2
）
marry
和某人结婚
,
如
marry sb., marry
后不加
with
和
to.
（
3
）
enter
进入，加入，
如
enter the room,
enter
后不加
into.
（
4
）
approach
接近，靠近，
如
approach the town,
approach
后不加
to.
（
5
）
contact
与…联系，
如
contact sb. ,
contact
后不加
with.
（
6
）
lack
缺乏
如
lack water,
lack
后不加
of,
短语
a lack of
中的
lack
是名词。
（
7
）
discuss
讨论，
如
discuss the problem,
discuss
后不加
about .
（
8
）
appreciate
感激，
如
appreciate sth.
appreciate
后不加
for.
（
9
）
emphasize
强调
如
emphasize the importance of
the problem,
emphasize
后不加
on.
（
10
）
mention
提到，
如
mention the thing,
mention
后不加
about.
（
11
）
reach
到达
如
reach someplace,
reach
后不加
to.
（
12
）
help
帮助，
如
help sb,
help
后不加
with.
2.
不及物动词漏加介词
(1)
“敲门”是
knock at
the door.
(2)
“回答问题”是
reply
to the question
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