-
1. For example adolescent boys are more
likely to buy computer games than any
other group so it makes sense to make
computer game ads that appeal to this group.
【句式翻译】例如，进入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人
群更愿意购买电脑游戏，因此，
针对这个目标群体制作有吸引力的电脑游戏广告是有意义
的。
【句式分析】本句是一个含有
s
o
引导的结果状语从句的复合句，同时又含一
个
than
引导的比较状语从句。
【词语点拨】
1)likely adj.
可能的；常用于句型：
sb/sth be likely
to do= it is likely that…
可能
做
……
He’s very likely to send me an email
tonight.
=It’s very likely
that he’ll send me an email tonight.
很可能他今晚会给我发电子邮件。
The com
pany is likely to set
up a branch in our city. =It’s likely that the
company will set up a
branch in our
city.
这个公司可能要在我们的城市建立分公司。
2) make sense
有意义；讲得通；
make sense of
理解
I can’t follow
these instructions
--
they
don’t make sense.
我不理解这些指示<
/p>
--
根本讲不通嘛。
We read the sentence through but could
not make sense of it.
我们我们把句子看了一遍
但不明白它说些什么。
3)
appeal to
吸引；
appeal to sb.
for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth
呼吁某人干某事；求助于
Blue
and red appeal to me but I don’t like gray or
yellow.
我喜欢蓝色和红色
而不喜欢灰色或黄色。
Jack
sincerely appealed to his friends to support him.
杰克真切地向朋友请求支持。
We can appeal to the website for the
information we need.
我们可以在网上查找我们需要的信息。
【语法点拨】本句中的
than
any other…
，意为
“
比其他
任何一个
……”
，谈
论的对象在比较的范围之内；若不在范围之内，则不用
other
。如：
China is
larger than any other country in Asia.
中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。
China is larger than any country in
Africa.
中国比非洲的任何国家都大。
2.
The more exposed young people are to financial
issues and the younger they become aware of
them the more likely they are to become
responsible forward-planning adults who manage
their
finances confidently and
effectively.
【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问
题，他们就能越早地了解这些问题，他们就更有可能成为
有责任感的、早作打算的成年人
，能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题。
【句式分析】
本句含有
“the+
比较级，
the+
比较级
”
的句式，同时又含有一个
who
引导的限制
性定语从句，修饰先行词
adults
。
【词语点拨】
1) expose
vt.
揭露；使暴露；
be exposed
to
暴露于；接触
We must
expose this shameful activity to the newspapers.
我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。
We should allow children to
be exposed to new ideas.
我们应当让孩子们接触新思想。
2
）
manage
v.
应付，设法对付；管理；能解决；
manage to
do
设法做成
We need
people who are good at managing.
我们需要擅长管理的人。
He managed to send the tourists to the
airport in time.
他设法把游客及时送到机场。
Small sailboats can easily turn over in
the water if they are not managed carefully.
如果掌控小帆船不够小心，它们在水中就容易翻。
【语法点拨】
“the+
比较级，
the+
比较级
”
，表示
“
越
……
越
……”
。如：
The more we get together the happier
we’ll be.
我们越是多聚会
我们越快乐。
The longer
she worked at it the more enthusiastic she became.
她越干越来劲。
3. She found that kids praised for
“trying hard” did better on testes and were more
likely to take on
difficult assignments
than those praised for being “smart”.
【句式翻译】她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更好
，
更愿意承担困难的任务。
【句式分
析】本句含有一个
than
引导的比较状语从句。
【词语点拨】
take on
承担；呈现
He is
always ready to take on heavy responsibilities.
他一向乐于挑重担。
The chameleon can take on the colour of
its background.
变色龙可呈现出与其背景相同的颜色。
【语法点拨】当我们要对两个人或物进行比较时，就采用比较级，比较级的构成：形容词或
副词的比较级
+than+
比较成分，意思是：
“
更
……
些
”
或
“
较
< br>……”
。
Deeds are better than
words
when people are in need of help.
当别人需要帮助时，行动胜于语言。
In a word practice is far more
important than book knowledge.
一句话，实践远比书本知识重要。
4. Perhaps more importantly the better
you are at managing the time you devote to your
studies the
more time you will have to
spend on your outside interests.
【句式翻译】也许更重要的是，你越善于管理你的学习时间，你就会有更多的时间用在你课
外的兴趣上。
【句式分析】本句含有
“the+
比较级，
the+
< br>比较级
”
的句式，同时含有两个非限制性定语从句，
分别修饰先行词
the
time
和
the more
time
。
【词语点拨】
1) devote vt.
献身；专心于；常接
time/money/energy/life/onese
lf
作宾语，构成短
语
be
devoted to=devote oneself to
献身于，致力于；
to
为介词，后面接名词、代词或者动名词。
Lang Lang devoted a lot of time to
playing the piano even when he was a little child.
郎朗小时候就
把很多时间都用来弹钢琴。
After her marriage th
e
singer couldn’t devote herself totally to her
music.
结婚之后这个歌手无法
全力倾注于音乐。
2
）
spend
some money/ time on sth=spend some money/time (in)
doing sth
表示
“
花费
(
时间、金钱
等
)<
/p>
做某事
”
，其中的介词
< br>in
可以省略。
Every
day most of the students in this school spend
three hours on their homework.
这所学校大多
数学生每天花三个小时做家庭作业。
It
is bad for children to spend a lot of time playing
computer games.
用很多时间玩电脑游戏对孩子
是有害的。
【语法点拨】
“the
+
比较级，
the+
比较级
”
，表示
“
越
……
越
……”
，具体用法
参见第
2
句。
5. He worked there through his school
and university years until 1942 a year after he
had gained a
Master’s degree at
university in chemistry.
【句
式翻译】他读中学和大学的那段时间都在那里工作，一直到
1942
年，也就是他在大学里
获得化学硕士学位后的那一年。
<
/p>
【句式分析】本句含有一个
after
引
导的时间状语从句，从句中运用了过去完成时态。
【词语点拨】
gain
vt.
（经过努力）获得，取得
We
gain knowledge by practicing again and again.
我们从反复训练中获取知识。
They realized that passing the exam was
no longer enough to gain a place at university.
他们认识到仅仅通过这个考试，并不能确保在大学获得一席之
位。
【语法点拨】过去完成时的构成：
had done
，表示
“
过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成
了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是
“
过去的过去
”
。表示过去某一时间可用
by before after
等
构成的短语，也可用
when
before
等引导的从句或通过上下文表示。如：
His eyes shone brightly when he finally
received the gift he had long expected.
当她终于收到她盼望已久的礼物时，她兴奋得两眼闪光。
By the time he was twelve Edison had
begun to make a living by himself.
12
岁时，爱迪生就开始自己谋生。
6. By the end of the century we will
have discovered other places in our solar system
suitable for
living and we will have
discovered ways to go further into space.
< br>【句式翻译】到本世纪末，我们
将会在太阳系中发现其他适合人类居住的星球，并
将发现进行更远空间探索的方法。
【句式分析】本句是由并列
连词
and
连接的复合句，句中运用了将来完成时态。
【词语点拨】
suitable
adj.
合适的，适当的；构成短语：
be suitable
for
适合
……
They don’t think this article is
su
itable for publication.
他们认为这篇文章不宜发表。
John wanted to change over to a more
suitable job.
约翰想换一个更加适合的工作。
【语法点拨】将来完成时的构成：
will/shall
have done
，表示
“
到将来某
一时间为止已经完成
的动作
”
。常与<
/p>
by +
将来时间，
before+<
/p>
将来时间和
by the time
引导的表示将来时间的从句连
用。如：
He will have finished writing his novel
by the end of next year.
到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。
When we get
there
，
she’ll have gone to
work.
我们到那里时她会已上班去了。
7.
In today’s world winners are celebrated and
treated as heroes but if doping and
gene
-therapy
continue to
affect the outcomes of major sporting events the
word “hero” will have lost all meaning.
【句式翻译】在当今世界，人们祝贺获胜者，并把他们看作英
雄，但如果服用兴奋剂和基因
治疗继续影响着主要体育项目的成绩的话，
“
英雄
”
就失去了它的全部意
义。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词
but
连接的复合句，第二个分句运用了将来完成时，同时，
包
含有一个
if
引导的条件状语从句。
【词语点拨】
1) celebrate
vt.
庆祝
The whole
city celebrated the New Year with fireworks.
全城放焰火来庆祝新年。
2) affect
vt.
影响，感动
I told him firmly that his opinion will
not affect my decision.
我坚定的告诉他，他的观点不会影响我的决定。
The audience present was deeply
affected by his speech.
在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了。
【语法点拨】将来完成时
具体用法参
见第
6
句。
8. One of the earliest epidemics on
record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman
emperor at
the time was attempting to
rebuild the Roman Empire.
【
句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元
500-550
年，当时的罗马皇帝正
在试图重建罗马帝国。
【句式分析】本句包含一个
when
引导的限
制性定语从句，从句中运用了过去进行时。
【词语点拨】
attempt v.&
n.
尝试，试图
William
attempted to find the solution to the problem.
威廉试图找到问题的解决办法。
He was nearly drowned in the attempt to
swim across.
他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死。
【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成：
was/were doin
g
，表示
“
过去某个时间正在进行的动
作
”
。常
用的时间状语有
this morning the whole morning from nine to
ten last evening when
while
等。如：
What
was he writing all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在写什么？
My
brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and
hurt himself.
我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了。
9. The last few years have seen
environmental disasters on a grand scale and
experts are predicting
far worse to
come.
【句式翻译】最近的几年里，人们见证了大规模
的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即
将发生。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词
an
d
连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了现在完成时。
【词语点拨】
on a grand
scale
大规模地，大张旗鼓地
We should popularize science on a grand
scale.
我们应该大规模普及科学。
【语法点拨】现在完成时的构成：
has/have done
，常表示
“
某一动作或状态发生在过去
，对现
在有影响
”
，也可表示
“
持续到现在的动作或状态
”
< br>。常用的时间状语：
for
或
s
ince
引导的时间
状语及
befor
e until now up till now so far up to the moment in
the last few years
等。如：
We have booked a room for today and
tomorrow.
我们已经预订了今天和明天的房间。
The house has been empty for ages.
这幢房子已经空了相当长时间了。（现在仍空着）
10. In the last few decades scientists
have reached consensus and reported that human
beings are
causing changes in the
Earth’s cli
mate -- something previously
seen as beyond our control.
【句式翻译】最近几十年，科学家们达成共识并报道说，人类正在引起地球的气候变化
—
而
这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。
【句式分析】本句是复合句，含有一个
that
引导的宾语从句，主句中运用了现在完成时。
【词语点拨】
1) reach (a) consensus
达成共识，达成一致意见
It is
very difficult for them to reach a consensus on
this issue.
他们在这个问题上很难取得一致意见。
2) beyond prep.
超过；越过；在
…
较远的一边
The
delay was caused by heavy weather and was beyond
our control.
延迟是由恶劣天气造成的，我们无法控制。
The beauty of the scene was beyond
compare.
景色之美无与伦比。
Linda
always wondered what was beyond the horizon.
琳达总是纳闷着地平线的那一边是什么。
【语法点拨】现在完成时，具体用法参见第
10
句。
11. Treatments for jellyfish
stings and snakebites have also been developed and
in the last five years
there have been
only three deaths from jellyfish stings and about
the same number from snakebites.
【句式翻译】治疗水母刺伤和毒蛇咬伤方法也已经研制成功，在过去的五年里只有三人死于
水母刺伤，这与被蛇咬伤致死的人数大体相同。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词
and
连接的复合句，第一个
分句运用了现在完成时的被动语
态。
【词语点拨】
develop
v.
开发，发展，研制（新产品）
Over the last few years tourism here
has developed considerably.
在过去几年里，这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。
The two companies have teamed up to
develop a new racing car.
那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。
【
语法点拨】现在完成时的被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态的结构的叠合，即：
has/have been done
，表示
“
过去发生的动作对现在有影响或持续到现在，并且主语与谓语动词
之间为被
动关系
”
。常用的时间状语：
for<
/p>
或
since
引导的时间状语及
before until now up till
now so
far up to the moment in the last few
years
等。如：
The
office looks nice. It has just been cleaned.
办公室看起来很干净。它刚被打扫过。
The machine has been repaired for two
hours.
这台机器已修了两小时了。
12.
Adverts are not only made and paid for by business
but also by individuals organizations and
associations that wish to inform or
educate the public.
广告不仅【句式翻译】广告可由商家付费<
/p>
制作，也可以由想给公众传达某种信息或教育公众的个人、组织或协会来出资制作。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词
not
only…but also
连接的复合句，第一个分句运用了一般现
< br>在时的被动语态。