-
IV.
(Phrase
Practice)
1.
They
lived up to
the true spirit of sportsmanship throughout the
games.
live up
to:
to keep to the high standards of
e.g. Did the film live up to your
expectation?(=Was it as good as you expected?)
2.
We started off
at dawn and
headed for
the
sea for surfing.
head for:
move towards; go to
e.g.
―Where are you heading for?‖
―Manchester.‖
3.
They tried to
seek out
the truth in what
was said in the newspaper.
seek out:
If you seek out
someone or something or seek them out, you keep
looking for them until
you find them.
e.g.
对于当地公司来说，现在是时候去欧洲寻求商机了。
Now is the time for local companies to
seek out opportunities in Europe.
4.
You have to
take your daughter to hospital, as a rash
has broken out
on her face
and hands.
break out:
(of
war, fighting, disease, or similarly undesirable
things) start suddenly
e.g.
印度尼西亚爆发了森林火灾。
Forest fires
have broken out
across
Indonesia.
5.
In the darkness, I _______ the right
box.
groped for
grope for:
feel
or search about uncertainly (for something) by
hands; search uncertainly or with
difficulty (for a solution, answer,
etc.)
e.g.
我在黑洞洞的屋里摸索着寻找电灯开关。
I
grope for
the light switch
in the dark room.
6.
I
warned
him
repeatedly
that
it
was
no
good
_______
that
kind
of
tricks
________
me.
trying…on
try on:
put on (an article of clothing) to find
out whether it fits or is suitable; test the
effect or
result of
e.g.
①你可以试试这件新上衣。
You
can
try on
this new coat.
②人们为什么热衷于摸彩票？
Why do people
like to
try
their luck
on
lottery?
7.
Our heartfelt
sympathies ________ the relatives of the victims.
go out to
(one
’
s heart or
sympathy)
go out to sb.:
feel sympathy towards sb. and think
about them
e.g.
他非常同情布莱克曼夫人和她那没有父亲的孩子。
His heart
went out
to
Mrs. Blackman and her fatherless
child.
8.
The
drug
traffickers
were
arrested
after
the
police
were
________
by
the
local
residents.
tipped off
tip
off:
give an advance warning
or hint to…
e.g.
他向警察告密，揭露了恐怖分子的阴谋。
He
tipped off
the
police about the terrorist plot.
V.
(Synonym /
Antonym)
1.
Adding to my distress was the distinct impression
that everyone on campus was watching me.
?
Antonyms: indistinct, vague
2. With that thought in mind, I raised
my head, squared my shoulders, and set out in the
direction
of my dorm, glancing (and
then ever so discreetly) at the campus map
clutched in my hand.
?
Synonyms: carefully,
meticulously
3. What confidence, what
reserve, what muscles!
?
Synonyms: self-restraint,
self-control
4. I spent the afternoon
seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could
make a perfectly timed
entrance before
each lecture without having to ask dumb questions
about its whereabouts.
?
Antonyms: clever,
intelligent, sensible
5.
Freshmen
manuals
advised
sitting
near
the
front,
showing
the
professor
in
intelligent
and
energetic demeanor.
?
Synonyms: manner, behaviour
6. I was even more surprised when I saw
who the poor soul was: the very composed, very
upper
class football player
I
’
d seen just days before
…
?
Antonyms: excited, agitated
7. I expected him to slink out of the
cafeteria as I had, but instead he turned around
and began
preparing another tray.
?
Synonym: sneak
8. What I had interpreted as a
malicious attempt to embarrass a naive freshman
had been merely a
moment of college
fun.
?
Antonyms: mature,
sophisticated
VI.
popular
t
up
to
tand
补充：
though
，
although
Though
作连接词时，表示
―
虽然
‖
、
―
尽管
‖
之意，与另一连词
although
相同，但在
使用
场合上有所不同。
（一）
although
的语势比
though
强，大都用于正式的文体，
指已成立的事实；
though
的语势较弱，一般指设想和假定
的情况。例：
He wouldn't take an umbrella although
it was already raining
．虽然当时已在下雨，他还是
不愿意拿雨伞。
He wouldn't take an umbrella though it
should rain cats and dogs
．
虽然有可能会下大
雨，他还是不愿意
拿雨伞。
在西方，不少学者认为，
although
是
though
的强调式，正如
until
是
till
的强调式；
up
on
是
on
的强调式一样。
（二）
although
在句中大都放在句首的位置，如放在句中（如上面一例）
，则表示强调
的意味；
though<
/p>
放在句首和句中均可
（如上面一例，
可将
though it should rain cats and dogs
移至句首）
。
though
若要加强语势时，可将位置移后形成倒装，例如：
Though he is young
，
…
改为
Young though he
is
，
…
；
Though he is po
or
，
…
改为
Poor though he may
be
，
…
；
但不能用
although
。
（三）
although
只能作连词使用；
though
除作连词外，<
/p>
还可用作副词，
表示
―
< br>然而
‖
、
―
但
是
‖
等义，
这时候，
though
一般放在句末。
例：
Annie's grandfather loves to
smoke
．
And he
likes beer
too
．
It's impossible for him
to live to be 100
．
It was tru
e
，
though
．安妮的祖父
喜欢抽烟，
又喜欢饮啤酒，
他不可能活到一百
岁，
然而，
这却是真的，
他活到了一百
岁。
值
得注意的是，中国学生由于受汉语
―
虽然
…
但是
…‖
的影响，常犯
though
（
although
）
之后与
but
连用的错误，
但是之后可与
neverthele
ss
，
still
连用。见下例：
Though be was
ill
，
but he went to
school
．
（错）
Though he was
ill
，
he went to
school
．
（对）
如果说话人一定要强调
―
但是
‖
之意，可以在<
/p>
he went to school
之前加个副词
yet
。
另一点要注意的是，词组
as
though
、
even though
的
though
不能改作
altho
ugh
，因
为它们是固定词组。
在近代英语中，
though
作连词使用时，与
although
的差别
已有日渐缩小的倾向，
一般说来，
though
比
although
使用得普遍得多。
nevertheless
“尽管如此，然而，不过，仍然”
e.g. He was tired, but he kept working
nevertheless. = He was tired; nevertheless, he
kept working.
尽管他累了，但他还继续工作。
(Pp.
10-12)
课本语法练习答案如下：
I.
1.c
2.d
3.b
4.f
5.a
6.e
7.h
8.g
II.
1.
My
decision to resign
was wise.
2.
Their
readiness to accept the peace agreement
really surprised the diplomatic world.
3.
My
determination to pass the test
helped
me.
4.
Her
failure to get into college
disappointed her parents.
5.
My willingness to cooperate
was appreciated.
6.
His refusal to help
surprised me.
7.
The proposal that we should import more
equipment
is to be discussed at the
meeting.
8.
Who
can have told you that
puzzles me.
III.
1
—
4
DBCC
5
—
8
ABDB
IV.
1.
I
spent
the
afternoon
seeking
out
each
of
my
classrooms
so
that
I
could
make
a
perfectly
timed entrance before each lecture.
2.
He wore
glasses and a false beard so that nobody would
recognize him.
3.
The stranger spoke very slowly so that
I could understand what he said.
4.
She locked the
door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed.
5.
John whispered
so that others couldn’t hear him.
6.
Please arrive
early so that we can start the meeting on time.
7.
John has
bought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus
travel.
8.
The
lecturer showed some slides so that he might
illustrate his point.
V.
gh/Though
3.
however/though
r/nevertheless/though
5.
Although/Though
；
still/nevertheless
e/In spite of
gh/though
r
r
e/In spite of
VI.
1.
We have to get the car fixed
no matter
how much it costs.
You can’t go in
no matter
who you are.
2.
He finished
all the paper work at five o’clock,
get
t
ing
up,
refill
ing
the teapot, then
his cup.
And
add
ing
a touch of skimmed
milk.
The children ran out of the room,
laugh
ing
and
talk
ing
merrily.
Writing(p.15)
Essay Writing
1.
An
Introduction
Different kinds of
essays:
descriptive, narrative,
expositive, persuasive (or argumentative)
Structural features:
a
definable beginning, middle and ending; a central
idea (or the thesis)
What
makes a good essay:
Task Response
Coherence and
Cohesion
Information
ideas
are
organized,
presented
linked
Lexical
Resource
Grammatical
Range
and
Accuracy
A
wide
range
of
structures used in
an
accurate
and
appropriate
manner
for
the
task
Fully
and
appropriately
explain
/
prove
/
discuss
the
thesis
with
clear,
relevant
and
well-supported ideas in
required length
2.
Sample
and
A
wide
range
of
well
vocabulary
used
in
an
accurate
and
and
appropriate
manner
for
the
task
Why King
’
s
College?
①
This
paragraph will explain why I am going to
King
’
s College.
②
The first reason I go to
KC is that it is small.
③
The classes are easy to get
to on time, and if I have to run to the library, I
can get there
quickly.
④
Second,
KC is located in a small town.
⑤
I can walk anywhere I want
to
go.
⑥
Third,
the cost of going to KC is low, and most of the
books are checked out to the students
in the library.
⑦
Fourth, the instructors are
friendly and easy to find during their office
hours.
⑧
This
paragraph has explained why I am attending
King
’
s College.
Sample Analysis
The sample is a
one-
paragraph
essay.
Sentence
①
constitutes the beginning of the essay
and also serves as its thesis.
Sentence
s
②
-
⑦
are supporting ideas and make up its
body.
Sentence
⑧
is the end of this essay and reiterates
its main idea.
3.
Practice
Write a one-paragraph essay on the
given topic: Why I Kept ________ as My Pet.
Sample
Why I Kept a Cat as
My Pet
Most people choose to keep cats
as their pets for some similar reasons. First and
foremost, I
think cats are cute. I love
to see my cat mewing to be fed. And it seems cats
can do a lot of things
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