英语一阅读翻译2006

2021年2月13日发(作者：钬激光)

2006

Text 1

In spite of

“

endless talk of difference< /p>

”

，

American society is an amazing machine for

homogenizing

people.

There

is

“

the

democratizing

uniformity

of

dress

and

discourse

，

and the casualness and absence of deference

”

characteristic of popular

culture.

People

ar

e

absorbed

into

―a

culture

of

consumption‖

launched

by

the

19th

——century

department

stores

that

offered

―vast

arrays

of

goods

in

an

elegant

atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,‖ these were

stores ―anyone cou

ld enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping

into a public and democratic act.‖ The mass media, advertising and sports are other

forces for homogenization.

不管我们如何喋 喋不休地谈论差别，

美国社会实际上是一台同化人们的神奇的机

器。

这就是民主化的着装和言谈，

并且还有种随意和缺乏尊重感 ，

这些构成了通

俗文化的特性。

人们被 一种消费文化所吸引了，

这种文化是由十九世纪在高雅的

氛围中 陈列着琳琅满目的商品的百货商店所开始的。

他们不是为了迎 合有知识

的精英们而开设的专门商店，

而是创建了

“不分阶层和背景人人都可以进入”

的

大众商店。这 使得购物成为一种大众的、民主的行为。大众传媒、广告和体育也

是协助人们均质化的推 动力。

Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether

elevating

but

is

hardly

poisonous.

Writing

for

the

National

Immigration

Forum,

Gregory Rodriguez reports that today's immigration is neither at unprecedented levels

nor resistant to

assimilation.

In 1998 immigrants

were 9.8 percent

of population; in

1900, 13.6 percent .In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1

，

000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890,

9.2 for every 1, 000. Now,

consider

three indices of assimilation

–

language,

home ownership and intermarriage.

尽管这种文化并不算高雅，

但 也算不上有害，

移民们很快就融入了这种共同文化。

Grego ry Rodriguez

为美国移民研讨会撰文指出，

今天的 移民既不是处于空前的水

平，也不抵制同化。在

1998

年，移民占全国人口的

9.8%

；在

1900

年为

13.6%

。

在

1990

年以前的十年之中，在 每千位居民当中，有千分之

3.1

的新来的移民；

而在

1890

年以前的十年之中，每千位居民当中就 有千分之

9.2

的移民。现在，

让我们 来看一下三个同化指标——语言、拥有产权住房和异族结婚情况。

The

1990

Census

revealed

that

―a

majority

of

immigrants

from

each

of

the

fifteen

most common countries of origin spoke English ―well‖ or ―very well‖ after ten years

of

residence.‖

The

children

of

immigrants

tend

to

be

bilingual

and

proficient

in

English.

―By

the

third

generation,

the

original

language

is

lost

in

the

majorit

y

of

immigrant families.‖ Hence the description of America as a ―graveyard‖ for languages.

By 1996 foreign

–

born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a homeownership

rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.

1990

年的人口普查透露：

“来自十五个移 民数量最多的国家的移民在到美国十年

后英语说得

‘好’

或

‘很好’

。

”

移民的子女几乎都说两种语言，

且精通英语。

“到

了第三代，在大多数移民家庭，他们的母语就消失了。

” 因此，有人就把美国描

述成了“语言的坟场”

。到了

< p>
1996

年，出生于国外的、在

1970

年以前到达美国

的移民有

75.6%

< p>
购置了自己的住房，

这个数字高出土生土长的美国人的拥有自己

< p>
所有权住房的百分比——

69.8%

。

< p>

1

Foreign-

born

Asians

and

Hispanics

―have

higher

rates

o

f

intermarriage

than

do

U.S

–born whites and blacks.‖ By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women

are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian

–

American women are married

to non-Asians.

在国外出生的亚裔和西班牙裔移民

“与美国本土白人和黑人相比，

< p>
与异族通婚的

比率要高。

”到了第三代，有三分之 一的西班牙裔女性与非西班牙裔男性结婚，

而有

41%

亚裔美国妇女与非亚裔男性结婚。

Rodriguez

notes

that

children

in

remote

villages

around

the

world

are

fans

of

superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet ―some Americans fear

that

immigrant

living

within

the

United

States

remain

somehow

immune

to

the

nation‘s assimilative power.‖

罗得里格斯写道，即使那些住在世界各地偏僻村庄的孩子们都 是诸如阿诺

.

施瓦

辛格和加思

.

布鲁克斯等明星的星迷，然而“一些美国人却害怕住在美国的移民

不知为何能不受这个国家的同化力量的影响”

。

Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Indeed. It is big

enough to have a bit of everyth

ing. But particularly when viewed against America?s

turbulent

past,

today‘s

social

induces

hardly

suggest

a

dark

and

deteriorating

social

environment.

在美国是否存在不和以及潜在的不 安？答案是肯定的，

因为这个国家足够大以至

于什么现象都存在 。

但是与美国动荡狂暴的过去相比，

如今的社会基本不能说明< /p>

美国的社会环境正变得黑暗，且正在恶化。

Text 2

Stratford-on-Avon,

as

we

all

know,

has

only

one

industry-William

Shakespeare-but

there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal

Shakespeare Company

（

RSC

）

, which presents superb productions of the plays at the

Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely

live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway‘s

Cottage, Shakespeare‘s birthplace and the other sights.

众所周知

Stratford-on-Avon

只有一个特色

,

那就是威廉?莎士比亚

,

但这儿却有两个

相互独立的部门

,

他们随着时间的变化而日益变得敌对。这儿有皇家莎士比亚公

司（

RSC

）

，

< br>

它在

Avon

的莎士比亚纪念 剧院里将很多优秀的戏剧作品呈现给大

家

。这儿的居民大部分是靠挣来游玩的游客的钱来维持生计，这些游客并不是

来看戏剧 的，

而是来看

Anne Hathaway

的庄园，

莎士比亚的出生地和其他的景色。

The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue.

They

frankly

disl

ike

the

RSC‘s

actors,

them

with

their

long

hair

and

beards

and

sandals and noisiness. It‘s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare,

who earns their living, was himself an actor

（

with a beard

）

and did his share of

noise - making.

Stratford

的当地乡绅们都质疑剧院有没有为当地的税收收入做一点贡献。< /p>

他们直

言讨厌

RSC

的演员，这些演员留着长头发，长胡须，拖着凉鞋，吵吵嚷嚷。这

真是一种绝妙的讽 刺，当你想到作为他们摇钱树的莎士比亚

,

自己也是个演员，< /p>

留着胡子，一起大吵大闹。

The tourist streams

are

not

entirely separate. The sightseers who come

by bus-

and

2

often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side

–

don‘t usually see the

plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the

playgoers

do

manage

a

little

sight

-

seeing

along

with

their

play-

going.

It

is

the

playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town

’

s revenue because they

spend the night

（

some of them four or five nights

）

pouring cash into the hotels and

restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.

游客群并不是完全分开的。游览者乘公 车来

,

，经常会去游览

Warwick

城堡和

Blenheim

宫殿，通常不 会去看戏，并且他们中的一些人甚至会对在

Stratford

能

找到剧院感到惊讶。

然而，

看戏者只 花少量的时间在观光上，

也就是在戏剧演出

时顺便看看。

RSC

主张，是看戏者给城镇带来大量的税收，因为他们通常花整

晚上时间

（有些是四到五个晚上）

在旅馆或 饭店里大量消费。

然而游览者在当天

的黄昏前就能把所有事情做 完了，然后离开小镇。

The townsfolk don‘t see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to

the

subsidy

of

the

Royal

Shakespeare

Company.

Stratford

cries

poor

traditionally.

Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge.

Hilton is building its own hotel there

，

which you may be sure will be decorated with

Hamlet

Hamburger

Bars,

the

Lear

Lounge,

the

Banquo

Banqueting

Room,

and

so

forth, and will be very expensive.

当地居民并不这么认为，地方政府也直接没有给予

RSC

补贴。

Stratford

一向都

会哭穷。

然而城镇上每一家旅馆似乎都增加了新的部门或是鸡尾酒酒吧。

< p>
希尔顿

也在这儿建了一座自己的酒店，

这里肯定可 以能看到被装饰一新的哈姆雷特汉堡

酒吧，

Lear

< p>
休息室，宴会厅等等。进一步说，这里消费将很贵。

Anyway, the townsfolk can

’

t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs

a subsidy.

（

The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last

year its 1,431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long and this year they

’

ll do

better.

）

The

reason,

of

course,

is

that

costs

have

rocketed

and

ticket

prices

have

stayed low.

总之，

居民不明白为什么

RSC

需要补 贴。

（剧院已经打破了连续三年以来的就座

率纪录。去年整年的

1431

个座位的就坐率达到了

94%

，今年将会更高。

）当然，

原因是，演 戏的花费高了，然而票价仍然很低。

It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young

people who are Stratford

’

s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays,

not the sights. They all seem to look alike

（

though they come from all over

）–

lean,

pointed,

dedicated

faces,

wearing

jeans

and

sandals,

eating

their

buns

and

bedding

down for the night

on the flagstones outside the theatre to

buy the 20 seats

and 80

standing-room

tickets

held

for

the

sleepers

and

sold

to

them

when

the

box

office

opens at 10:30 a.m.

大幅增加票价是一 件很为难的事情，

因为这样会把

Stratford

< p>
的最有魅力的顾客－

年轻人赶走。他们完全是为了戏而来，不是为风景。他 们看起来都一个样（虽然

他们从各个地方而来）——消瘦、率直、专注的脸庞，穿着牛仔 裤和便鞋，吃着

小圆面包，

在剧场外的石板上过夜，

< p>
以便能买得到

20

张座票和

80

张站票，

这些

票都是为那些睡觉 的人准备的，并且在票房第二天上午

10

点半开始售票时就卖< /p>

给他们。

3