大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

众所周知，我们的问题至少部分地是由于没能相互交流而引起的。

3

．

约翰宣称他在找到一份满意的工作之前绝不结婚。

4

．

警察开始调查这起交通事故，并试图查明谁应该对此负责。

5

．

有人提议将这个会议推迟到下个星期。

3

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 3

Women in Britain are without doubt better off today than they used to be.

At the

beginning of the 19

th

century women seemed to have had almost no rights at all. They

could not vote, or even sign contracts. Their marriages were arranged by their parents,

and once they were married they could not own property.

Most of the time they were

kept at home, and even when they were allowed to work, they were never given

responsible

jobs.

It

is

strange

to

think

that,

as

far

as

we

know,

most

women

were

happy with this situation.

Today

the

position

is

quite

different.

Women

can

now

vote,

and

choose

their

own

husbands.

In 1970 a law was passé

to give them an equal share of property in the

case of divorce,

and in the same year the

Equal Pay Act

gave them the right to equal

pay with men for work of equal value.

Yet despite these changes, there is no doubt that there are still great differences in

status between men and women.

Many employers seem to ignore the

Equal Pay Act

,

and the average working woman is likely to earn only about half what a man earns for

the same job.

Most women who do work still do unskilled jobs while only a small

proportion

of

the

country

’

s

workers

are

in

fact

women.

There

is

also

great

inequality

in

education.

Only

a

quarter

of

all

university

students

are

women.

And

at

present boys

’

schools are undoubtedly much better than girl

s’

schools.

1

．

一旦你许下承诺，你就应该坚持到底，不管这会有多么困难。

2

．

尽管困难重重，我们仍决定按计划实施这个项目。

3

．

科学家 们必须想出新的方法来增加粮食供应，以满足日益增长的人口需求。

4

．

由于左腿受伤，在没有人帮助的情况下约翰几乎不能行走。

5

．

西方某 些国家禁止

18

岁以下年轻人喝酒。

Model Test 4

Obviously there are good historical reasons why cities on the coast developed into

major business centers.

In the days before flying, ships were often the only transport

option for doing trade with

other countries and everything went by ship, thus giving

4

rise to commercial ports. Even now, shipping costs are usually far cheaper than air cost.

Capital cities are basically concerned with government and if they should be not on the

coast, they would be easier to defend in times of invasion and war.

Capital cities do

have industries, of course, but they tend to financial concerns like banking.

Any

other

industries

are

usually

“

light

”

(e.g.

electronics,

food

and

drink)

rather

than

“

heavy

”

industry

(e.g.

cars,

steel).

Capital

cities

also

tend

to

be

the

most

expensive

cities

to

live

and

work

in.

Both

private

and

business

accommodation

costs

are

usually much higher than elsewhere because of capital city price hikes (

提价、升

价

).

One reason for this may gain the business of the government because, not only do

governments look after the affairs of their countries, but they also work with foreign

governments through embassies in capital cities.

China has thousands of kilometers of seacoast and it is not surprising that other

major ports have grown up in the north and the south.

Qingdao and Dalian are both

developing

commercial

seacoast

cities

towards

the

north

while

Xiamen,

Guangzhou

and,

in

particular,

Shenzhen

(the

first

special

economic

zone

(SEZ)

with

a

seaport

nearby at Shekou), in the south, are now major commercial centers. Setting up a new

business should certainly take into account the position of a city in relation to the rest

of the country.

Nowadays, the nearness to international airports with direct flights

to and from other major cities abroad is also an important consideration.

1

．

一个科学家要跟上本领域的新发展，你认为必须做什么？

2

．

比赛的下半场要比上半场精彩得多。

3

．

从观众的反应来看，他的演讲十分成功。

4

．

这家公司生产的电脑比其它厂家生产的电脑在质量上要好。

5

．

如果不 是他们的大力支持，我不可能在这么短的时间里完成这项任务。

5

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 5

Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but

people now live longer than they used to.

Yet, all living things still show the effect of

aging, which will eventually result in death.

Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity (

壮年期

), the cells of the body

and

the

organs

they

form

do

not

function

as

well

as

they

did

in

childhood

and

adolescence

(

青春期

).

The

body

provides

less

protection

against

disease

and

is

more inclined to accident.

A

number

of

related

causes

may

contribute

to

aging.

Some

cells

of

the

body

have

a

fairly long life, but they are not replaced when they die. As a person ages, the number

of the brain cells and muscle cells decreases. Other body cells die and are replaced by

new cells.

In an aging person the new cells may not be as viable (

能生存的

) or as

capable of growth as those of a young person.

Another

factor

in

aging

may

be

changes

within

the

cells

themselves.

Some

of

the

protein chemicals in cells are known to change with age and become less elastic.

This is thus the reason old people shrink in height. There may be other more important

chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA,

store

and

pass

on

information

that

cells

need.

Aging

may

affect

this

process

and

change the information-carrying molecules (

分子

) so that they do not transmit the

information as well.

1

．

面对这样一个对手，他成功的可能性很小。

2

．

大部分老师都反对网上选课这一提议。

3

．

只要你能够全心全意地投入到你的工作中去，你肯定会成功的。

4

．

他对调整自己适应这个新环境感到有些困难。

5

．

这个小孩是这场空难中惟一幸免于难的人。

Model Test 6

In

no

country

other

than

England,

it

has

been

said,

can

one

experience

four

seasons in the course of a single day!

Day may break as a balmy spring morning; but

6

at

mid-day

conditions

may

be

really

wintry

with

the

temperature

down

by

about

8

degrees or more centigrade. And then, in the late afternoon the sky will be clear, the

sun will begin to shine, and for an hour or two before darkness falls, it will be summer.

In England one can experience almost every kind of weather except the most extreme.

Not only do we get several different sorts of weather in one day, but we may very

well get a spell of winter in summer and vice-versa (

反之亦然

).

This

uncertainty

about

the

weather

has

had

a

definite

effect

upon

the

Englishmen

’

s character, it tends to make him cautious, for example.

The foreigner

may

laugh

when

he

sees

he

Englishman

setting

forth

on

a

brilliantly

sunny

morning

wearing a raincoat and carrying an umbrella, but he may well regret his laughter later

in the day! The English weather has also helped to make the Englishmen adaptable. It

has been said that one of the reasons why the English colonized so much of the world

was

that,

whatever

the

weather

conditions

they

met

abroad,

they

had

already

experienced something like them at home!

And,

of

course,

the

weather

’

s

variety

provides

a

constant

topic

of

conversation.

Even the most taciturn (

沉默寡言的

) of Englishmen is always prepared to discuss the

weather.

And though he sometimes complains bitterly of it, he would not, even if

he could, exchange it for the more predictable climate of other lands.

1

．

和我们 所期待的相反，他没有申请那所著名的大学，而是选择了就业。

2

．

我叔叔很喜欢音乐，尤其是古典音乐。

3

．

他们建立了一所学校来纪念在战争中牺牲的人们。

4

．

这个小镇看起来和它十年前的样子完全不同。

5

．

当听到自己被解雇的消息，她嚎啕大哭起来。

7

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 7

In

some

way

the

employment

is

like

a

persuasive

speech

because

the

applicant

seeks

to

persuade

the

employer

to

employ

him

or

her.

Several

suggestions

might

prove helpful to the applicant as preparation is made for the actual interview.

A job applicant has the responsibility for finding out certain types of information

prior to the interview.

First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and

how that job relates to his career objective. It is important that the applicant be able to

state his reasons for wishing to work for a particular company.

Second, the applicant

should

seek

as

much

information

as

possible

concerning

the

company.

Relevant

information for the applicant to locate includes such items as the location of the home

and

regional

offices,

the

financial

status

of

the

company,

plans

for

expansion,

and

company

philosophy.

Information

about

major

corporations

is

available

in

reference

books and periodicals.

After gathering information concerning the companying, the applicant is ready for the

interview. The interviewer

’

s first impression comes from the interviewee

’

s appearance.

For most interviews, appropriate dress for men is a conservative dark colored suit

with

a

long- sleeve

white

or

light

blue

shirt

and

a

conservative

tie.

For

women

a

conservative, tailored suit or dress is appropriate. Both men and women should have

neat, conservative length hair.

Although

hairstyle

and

dress

are

matters

of

personal

taste,

many

personnel

directors

form

initial

impressions

from

these

characteristics.

For

example,

one

recent college graduate, who felt himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations

job. However, the personnel considered this young man

’

s long hair, sloppy dress, and

overly casual manner unsuited for this particular position.

1

．

发生了这样的事情，我承认我应该感到羞愧。

2

．

他日夜兼程以便能尽快回家。

3

．

他宁愿被惩罚也不愿意对老师说谎。

4

．

他假装自己是个百万富翁的儿子骗那个女孩和自己结了婚。

5

．

由于经济和精神压力，彼得的身体最后终于垮掉了。

8

Model Test 8

The old-fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This in, perhaps, a pity, because

shopping today seems to lace that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper

knew

all

his

regular

customers

personally.

He

could,

for

instance,

remember

which

brand

of

tea

Mrs.

Smith

usually

bought

or

what

sort

of

washing-powder

Mrs.

Jones

preferred.

Not only was the shop a center of buying and selling, but also a social

meeting place.

A

prosperous

general

store

might

have

employed

4 or

5

assistants,

and

so

there

were

very

few

problems

in

management

as

far

as

the

staff

were

concerned.

But

now

that

the

supermarket

has

replaced

the

general

store,

the

job

of

the

manager

has

changed completely.

The modern supermarket manager has to cope with a staff of

as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a

large business.

Every

morning

the

manager

must

carry

out

an

inspection

of

his

store

to

make

sure

that

everything

is

ready

for

the

business

of

the

day.

He

must

see

that

everything

is

running

smoothly.

He

will

have

to

give

advice

and

make

decisions

as

problems arise, and he must know how to get his huge staff to work efficiently with

their respective responsibilities.

No

matter

what

he

has

to

do

throughout

the

day,

however,

the

supermarket

manager must be ready for any emergency that may arise.

They say

in the trade

that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a

flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.

1

．

一场大雪使那个小村庄与外界隔离了。

2

．

就颜色而言，我倾向于买那件蓝色的外套。

3

．

在一定程度上我同意你对形势的估计。

4

．

这种尖屋顶是中国南部房子的典型特征。

5

．

从家务 劳动中解脱出来以后，许多家庭妇女都在外面找到了满意的工作。

9

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 9

Brazil

has

become

one

of

the

developing

world

’

s

great

successes

at

reducing

population growth ----- but more by accident than design.

While countries such as

India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without

really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil

’

s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960

to

1.93%

a

year

between

1981

and

1990,

and

Brazilian

women

now

have

only

2.7

children

on

average.

Martine

says

this

figure

may

have

fallen

still

further

since

1990,

an

achievement

that

makes

it

the

envy

of

many

other

Third

World

countries.

Martine

attributes

it

to,

among

other

things,

soap

operas

(

通俗电视连续剧

)

and

installment

(

分期付款

)

plans

introduced

in

the

1970s.

Both

played

an

important,

although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate.

Brazil is one of the world

’

s biggest

producers

of

soap

operas.

Globo,

Brazil

’

s

most

popular

television

network,

shows

3

hours of soaps 6 nights a week, while 3 others show at least one hour a night.

Most

soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

“

Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of

reproduction,

they

describe

middle

and

upper

class

values

-----

not

many

children,

different attitudes towards sex, women working,

”

says Martine.

“

They sent this image

to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and

other values, which were put into a very attractive package.

”

Meanwhile,

the

installment

plans

tried

to

encourage

the

poor

to

become

consumers.

“

This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was

incompatible (

不相容的

) with unlimited reproduction,

”

says Martine.

1

．

我不明白你这样做有什么意义。

2

．

这两篇文章在内容和风格上都十分相似。

3

．

政府决定采取有效措施美化这个城市。

4

．

要是你早点通知我他要来就好了！

5

．

既然你选择了生活在这个城市，你就得忍受这里炎热的天气。

10

Model Test 10

Some people believe that computers will someday play an important part in educating

children.

computer-assisted

instruction

(CAI)

has

already

been

used

in

industry.

The

student sits at a typewriter terminal.

He answers questions or requests information

from a computer connected to the terminal.

The computer has been programmed to

ask questions and present information in a carefully organized way.

When the student

gives a wrong answer he can get a hint from the computer, or a slightly different

question that will help him along.

The

fantastic

speed

of

modern

computers

opens

up

many

new

uses

for

them.

Forecasting the weather for only a single day requires collecting and analyzing a

great

number

of

facts.

The

high-speed

computer

may

make

possible

long-range

weather forecasts.

Another

important

use

of

computers

may

come

in

medicine.

Doctors

can

easily

recognize the signs, or symptoms, of common diseases. But there are unusual diseases

that

most

doctors

rarely

see.

The

symptoms

of

these

diseases

can

be

recorded

in

a

computer

memory.

Then

the

doctor

can

call

on

the

computer

for

help

with

the

unusual cases.

Another use of computers is to store the medical histories of patients.

Then, in an emergency, the doctor can get the patient

’

s history from the computer and

be ready to treat him at once.

There seems to be almost no limit to the work that computers can do. And that

work is transforming the lives of all of us.

1

．

我和我丈夫都不知道应该如何处理这么复杂的问题。

2

．

他为自己的儿子为祖国所作出的贡献感到骄傲。

3

．

他将我们的反对意见置之一旁，坚持要将这一政策付诸实践。

4

．

无论那个罪犯藏在哪儿，警察都决心将他逮捕。

5

．

因为没有经验，开始他总是落在别人的后面。

11

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 11

The

“

generation gap

”

exists as a wall, only because the children of today will not listen.

They

will

not

attempt

to

communicate

with

their

parents;

and,

therefore,

they

have built this

“

wall

”

separating themselves from their parents.

To the children of today, their parents take too long to get used to the new ideas

and philosophies of the world.

It seems that children don

’

t understand that, to their

parents, all the ideas and philosophies of today are changes, whereas, to the children,

they are their ways of life, not changes; and changes take time to get accustomed to.

Children

often

forget

that

their

parents

were

once

children,

also.

This

can

be

easily

imagined

since

children

only

see

their

parents

as

adults.

Children

often

feel

their

parents

never

experienced

a

child

’

s

world.

So,

as

a

result,

they

feel

that

their

“

growing- up

”

is a totally strange experience to their parents.

The whole trick to parent-child communication is to listen and learn. No harm has ever

been done by this. Children still have the freedom to either chew up what they hear,

and spit it out, or chew it up and store it.

The children will be surprised to find that

what their parents have been through and what they

’

ve learned are common to what the

children

are

experiencing

now.

Parents,

they

’

ll

find,

are

not

“

another

kind

of

animals

”

, but the same kind as themselves, only a little older and a lot cleverer.

1

．

我们能否举行这次野炊活动主要取决于天气情况。

2

．

你最好是提前预定房间以免你到达时没有空房。

3

．

今年我厂的产量要比去年的多出五倍。

4

．

他刚一到火车站，火车就开始启动了。

5

．

他肯定没打算出国，因为他立志献身于祖国的教育事业。

Model Test 12

Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, belief and ways of life of a given

group of human beings.

In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage (

野

蛮

), undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.

To the professional anthropologist (

人类学家

), there is no intrinsic superiority of one

12

culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy

among languages.

People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped

form

of

speech,

consisting

largely

of

grunts

and

groans.

While

it

is

possible

that

language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the

study of

“

backward

”

languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today.

Most

languages

of

uncivilized

groups

are,

by

our

most

severe

standards,

extremely

complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas.

They

fall

behind

the

Western

languages

not

in

their

sound

patterns

or

grammatical

structures,

but

only

in

their

vocabularies,

which

reflect

the

objects

and

activities

known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted:

1.

All

languages

seem

to

possess

the

machinery

for

vocabulary

expansion,

either

by

putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages

and adapting them to their own system. 2.

The objects and activities requiring names

and

distinctions

in

“

backward

languages,

while

different

from

ours,

are

often

surprisingly numerous and complicated.

This study of language, in turn, further explain the claim that all cultures are to

be viewed independently, and without ideas of rank.

1

．

假如有足够的财力和人力支持，我们也能出色完成任务。

2

．

有人认为越有钱就越幸福，但事实并非总是如此。

3

．

他对胜利的坚定信念使他安然度过了这场灾难。

4

．

开始他 企图抵赖自己与这起抢劫案有关，但最后他还是向警察招供了。

5

．

他听从了医生的建议戒掉了香烟。

13

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 13

The eye is very similar to a camera: to take a picture there must be enough light,

but

not

too

much.

On a camera, the opening of the lens can usually be adjusted.

If

there is not much light outside, you open the lens diaphragm (

光圈

) wide. If the sun is

shining

brightly,

you

close

the

lens

diaphragm.

This

is

what

your

eye

pupil

does

automatically. When the light is bright, your pupil grows small; when there is not much

light, the pupil grows larger.

In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.

This is

done by changing the distance between the lens and the film inside the camera. Your

eye has muscles which make such changes automatically (

自动地

). If you are looking

at something far away, things which are close by will not appear very clear.

However,

if

you

are

looking

at

some

object

close

to

you,

distant

objects

will

appear

indistinct.

What you see depends, to a great extent, on what you are in the habit of looking

for.

You might see many things in front of your eyes, but they will not mean anything

to

you

if

you

cannot

recognize

them.

A

paper

covered

with

complicated

mathematical problems, for example, will not mean much to someone unfamiliar

with higher mathematics.

1

．

消费者常常被广告误导，结果买的东西往往超过所需。

2

．

阿伦是个沉默的小伙子，但一谈到体育他就变得十分健谈。

3

．

大气层是由一些气体按照一定的比例混合而成的。

4

．

店主错 把一张

50

元钞票当成

10

5

．

爱因斯 坦

(Einstein)

是我惟一知道的能和周围世界达成妥协 的人。

Model Test 14

The question of whether war is unavoidable is one which has concerned many of

the

world

’

s

great

writers.

Before

considering

this

question,

it

will

be

useful

to

introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities

directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition

14

among

social

entities

independently

striving

for

something

which

is

in

inadequate

supply.

Competitors

may

not

be

aware

of

one

another,

while

the

parties

to

a

conflict

are.

Conflict

and

competition

are

both

categories

of

opposition,

which

has

been

defined

as

a

process

by

which

social

entities

function

is

the

disservice

of

one

another.

Opposition

is

thus

contrasted

with

cooperation,

the

process

by

which

social

entities

function

in

the

service

of

one

another.

Theses

definitions

are

necessary

because

it

is

important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups in inevitable in

a world of limited resources, but conflict is not.

Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely

to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.

Many

authors

have

argues

for

the

inevitability

of

war

from

the

premise

that

in

the

struggle

for

existence

among

animal

species,

only

the

fittest

survive.

In

general,

however,

this

struggle

in

nature

is

competition,

not

conflict.

Social

animals,

such

as

monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for

existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and

for

occupancy

of

areas

free

from

meat-eating

animals.

Those

who

fail

in

this

competition

starve

to

death

or

become

victims

to

other

species.

This

struggle

for

existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals

for jobs, markets, and materials.

The essence of the struggle is the competition for

the necessities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all.

1

．

他发誓绝不辜负父母对他的期望。

2

．

一位忠于职守的教师应该献身于自己的工作。

3

．

他很自私，他不肯帮助朋友就是一个很好的例子。

4

．

在这样一个快乐的聚会上，他的沉默使他显得有点格格不入。

5

．

在很多 大城市，汽车已经取代自行车成为了人们的主要交通工具。

15

大学英语三级翻译模拟试题集

Model Test 15

Why, do you suppose, was there always more of anything? I can think of some reasons.

First,

the hunters and collectors had the place to themselves.

In the Old Stone Age,

there were no farmers or ranchers (

牧场主

), let alone lumber (

木材

) companies or

miners

to

turn

envious

eyes

on

their

lands.

Nor

were

there

any

empire

builders

interested

in

adding

to

their

territory.

There

weren

’

t

even

any

nations

looking

around for open spaces for their surplus populations.

Second, there was no surplus population. There were never too many people to live off

the lands as hunters and collectors.

Whenever a group grew too big for its hunting

territory, all it had to do was to look around for another one.

Usually this didn

’

t

take too long. Archaeologists (

考古学家

) tell us that there were probably only about 5

million people in the whole world until just before the end of the Old Stone Age. Africa

alone could probably have supported 3 million hunters and collectors very comfortably.

Chances are that even by the end of the New Stone Age Africa

’

s population was

only about 1 million.

The third reason why there was always plenty of everything was that nobody took

more of anything than was absolutely necessary.

Of course, you could always argue

that anybody who killed more game than was needed would have been a fool. For one

thing, it would have spoiled before it could be eaten. For another, it would have been

an open invitation to jackals, vultures, and other scavengers to hang about the camp.

These are poor companions at the best of times.

1

．

父亲差不多用了一年时间才习惯了大城市的生活。

2

．

让我们吃惊的是，他居然被警察起诉谋杀。

3

．

他说话的方式经常使我想起他的祖父。

4

．

同学们认为她不仅是个好老师，而且是个好朋友。

5

．

联合国敦促各国政府通过和平手段来解决问题。

Model Test 16

Apart from choosing a partner for life, perhaps the most important decision that

16