-
英语中常用的表达法
语法
grammar
句法
syntax
词法
morphology
结构
structure
层次
rank
句子
sentence
从句
clause
词组
phrase
词类
part
of
speech
单词
word
实词
notional
word
虚词
structural
word
单纯词
simple
word
派生词
derivative
复合词
compound
词性
part of
speech
名词
noun
专有名词
proper noun
普通名
词
common noun
可数名词
countable noun
不可数名词
uncountable
noun
抽象名词
abstract noun
具
体名词
concret noun
物质名词
material noun
集体名词
collective
noun
个体名词
individual noun
介词
preposition
连词
conjunction
动词
verb
主动词
main
verb
及物动词
transitive
verb
不及物动词
intransitive
verb
系动词
link
verb
助动词
auxiliary
verb
情态动词
modal
verb
规则动词
regular
verb
不规则动词
irregular
verb
短语动词
phrasal
verb
限定动词
finite
verb
非限定动词
infinite verb
使役动
词
causative
verb
感官
动词
verb
of
senses
动
态动词
event
verb
静
态
动
词
state
verb
感
叹词
exclamation
形容词
adjective
副词
adverb
方式副词
adverb of manner
程度副词
adverb of
degree
时
间副词
adverb
of
time
地点副词
adverb
of
place
修饰性副词
adjunct
连接性副词
conjunct
疑问副词
interrogative
adverb
关系副词
relative
adverb
代词
pronoun
人称代词
personal
pronoun
物主代词
possessive
pronoun
反身代词
reflexive
pronoun
相互代词
reciprocal
pronoun
指示代词
demonstrative
pronoun
疑问代词
interrogative pronoun
关系代词
relative
pronoun
不定代词
indefinite pronoun
物主
代词
possessive
pronoun
名词性物主代词
nominal
possessive
pronoun
形容词性物主代词
adjectival
possessive
pronoun
冠词
article
定冠词
definite article
不定冠词
indefinite
article
数词
numeral
基数
词
cardinal
numeral
序数词
ordinal
numeral
分数词
fractional
numeral
形式
form
单数形式
singular
form
复数形式
plural form
限定动词
finite verb form
非限定动词
non-finite
verb form
原形
base
form
从句
clause
从属句
subordinate
clause
并列句
coordinate
clause
名词从句
nominal
clause
定语从句
attributive clause
状语从句
adverbial
clause
宾语从句
object clause
主语从句
subject
clause
同位语从
句
appositive clause
时间状语从句
adverbial
clause of time
地点状语从句
adverbial clause of place
方
式状语从句
adverbial
clause
of
manner
让步状语从句
adverbial
clause
of
concession
原因状语从句
adverbial
clause
of
cause
结果状语从句
adverbial
clause
of
result
目的状语从句
adverbial
clause
of
purpose
条件状语从句
adverbial
clause of condition
真实条件状语从句
adverbial clause of real condition
非真实条件状语从句
adverbial
clause
of
unreal
condition
含蓄条件句
adverbial
clause
of
implied
condition
错综条件句
adverbial clause of mixed condition
句子
sentence
简单句
simple
sentence
并列
句
compound
sentence
复合句
complex
sentence
并列复合句
compound
complex
sentence
陈述句
declarative
sentence
疑问句
interrogative
sentence
一般疑问句
general
question
特殊疑问句
special
question
选择疑问句
alternative question
附加疑问句
tag
question
反义疑问句
disjunctive question
修
辞疑问句
rhetorical
question
感叹疑问句
exclamatory
question
存在句
existential
sentence
肯定句
positive
sentence 1. Good morning(afternoon,
evening),class(everyone,students).
同学们<
/p>
,
早晨好。
2. This
term
we
have
nine
subjects:
Ch
inese,Enghish,Politics,History,Geography,Maths,phy
sics,Chemistry
and
Biology.<
/p>
这学期我们有九门学科:
语文、
英语、<
/p>
政治、
历史、
地理、
数学、
化学和生物。
3. We also have
some
other interesting subjects: Music,
Fine Arts, Physical Education,etc.
我们还有一
些其它的有趣的课程:
音乐、
美术、
体
育等等。
4. We have one weekly meeting on
Monday
afternoon.
周一我们有一节班会。
5. The
head
teacher of our class is Mr
< br>.Zhang.
我们的班主任是张老师。
6. You
must be polite and say hi to them when
you
see
the
teacher
.
见到老师要礼貌,要问好。
p>
7.
When
you
come
into
our
school,
you
must
speak
Putonghua.
一
进学校,你就要讲普通话。
8. The Chinese lessons are
very important
。语文课对于我们来说
相当重要
。
9. We should study it more carefully
than
before.
我们要比以前更加认真地学习。
10. If
you study
Chinese it’s very easy, but
if you don’t it’s very hard.
对于汉语,你学它就不难
,你不学它就显得挺难。
11.
Chinese is
our native language,we must learn it well.
< br>汉语是我们的母语,
我们必须把它学好。
12.
This is our
first Chinese class of this
term.
这是我们本学期第一节语文课。
13.
We’re going to learn Lesson One (the
first Lesson).
我们要学习第一课。
14. Don’t make any
noise in class,or you may trouble the others.
课上
不要喧哗,
那会影响别人。
< br>15. Open your text-books to Page 10.
打开课本第
10
页。
16.
This text is written
by Mr
.
great man in our Chinese modern literature history
.
本文由我国现代文学史上伟大的文学
家鲁迅先生的作品。
p>
17. Listen to me carefully,let me tell
you sth about the writer
.
请认真
听我为大家介绍
一些作者的情况。
18. You may
write down sth important and special on your notes
.
你们可以在自己的笔
记本上记录一些较为重要和特殊的内容。
19. First ,let me read the text aloud
.
首先让我为大家朗读本文。
20.
Put
the
text-
books
on
your
desk,
please.
请把你的
课本放在书桌上。
21.
Please
read
it
follow
me
quietly(lowly).
你们可以轻声跟读。
22. Read the text to
yourselves.
默读本文。
23. Stop
here for a while,
please.
暂停一会儿。
24.
Take your text-
books.
用手端起课本来。
25. Pay
attention to them when they read
the
second
paragraph.
他们读第二段时,注意听。
26.
Read more distinctly(Speak more clearly),
please.
请读清楚一点。
27. Would you
speak in a little loud (in a slow)voice(louder
,please).
你能大一点声音吗?
28.
Speak in a little low voice,
please.
声音低一点。
29. Your
voice(timbre, tone) sounds
sweet.
你的声音很好
听。
30.
Read louder and slowly so that everybody can hear
you.
读得声音大一点、慢一点,让大家都能听
清楚。
31. Now, you may read it in class
.
现在,你们可以课堂上阅读本文。
32. I ask
you to read it fluently
and clearly as
soon as possible.
我要求大家尽量流畅、
清
晰地阅读本文。
33. About the key sentences, I
ask
you to study not only the meaning
of the words,but also (them)in the line.
就这些重点语句,我要求大家
有仅了解字面,
还要注意字里行
间的深意。
1.
上课
(Be
ginning a class)(1) Let’s
start now. / Let’s begin our
class /
lesson .(2) Stand up, please.(3) Sit down, please.
2.
问候
(Greeting)(4) Hello, boys and girls /
children .(5) Good morning, class /
everyone / everybody / children / boys and
girls.(6) Good afternoon,
class
/
everyone
/
everybody
/
children
/
boys
and
girls.(7)
How
are
you
today?3.
考勤
(Checking
attendance)(8) Who’s on duty today? /
Who’s helping this morning / today?(9) Is everyone
/ everybody
here / present?(10) Is
anyone away? / Is anybody away?(11) Is anyone
absent? / Is anybody absent?(12)
Who’s
absent? / Who’s away?(13) Where is he / she?(14)
Try to be on time. / Don’t be late next time.(15)
Go
back
to
your
seat,
please.(16)
What
day
is
it
today?(17)
What’s
the
date
today?(18)
What’s
the
weat
her like
today?(19) What’s it like outside?4.
宣布
(Announcing)(20) Let’s start working. /
Let’s begin
/ start a new lesson. Let’s
begin / start our lesson.(21) First, let’s review
/ do some review.(22) What did
we learn
in the last lesson?(23) Who can tell / remember
what we did in the last lesson / yesterday?(24)
Now we’re going to do something new /
different. Now let’s learn something new.(25) We
have some new
words / sentences.5.
提起注意
(Directing
attention)(26) Ready? / Are you ready?(27) Did you
get there?
/ Do you understand?(28) Is
that clear?(29) Any volunteers?(30) Do you know
what to do?(31) Be quiet,
please. /
Quiet, please.(32) Listen, please.(33) Listen
carefully, please.(34) Listen to the tape recorder
/
the
recording.
(35)
Look
carefully,
please.(36)
Look
over
here.(37)
Watch
carefully.(38)
Are
you
watching?(39)
Please
look
at
the
blackboard
/
picture
/
map
…(40)
Pay
attention
to
your
spelling
/
pronunciation.6.
课堂活动
(Classroom
activities)(41)
Start!
/
Start
now.(42)
Everybody
together
.
/
All
together
.(43)
Practise in a group. / Practise in groups. / In
groups, please.(44) Get into groups of three /
four …(45) Everybody find a partner /
friend.(46) In pairs, please.(47) One at a time. /
Let’s do it one by
one.(48)
Now
you,
please.
/
Your
turn
(Student’s
name).(49)
Next,
please.
Now
you
do
the
same,
please.(50) Let’s act.
/ Let’s act out / do the dialogue.(51) Who wants
to be A?(52) Practise the dialogue,
please.(53
) Now Tom will be
A, and the other half will be B.(54) Please take
(play) the part of … (55)
Whose turn is
it?(56) It’s your turn.(57) Wait your turn,
please.(58) Stand in line. / Line up.(59) One by
one.
/
One
at
a
time,
please.(60)
In
twos.
/
In
pairs.(6
1)
Don’t
speak
out.(62)
Turn
around.7.
请求
(Request)(63)
Could you please try it again?(64) Could you
please try the next one?(65) Will you please
help me?8.
鼓励
(Encouraging)(66) Can you try?(67) Try,
please.(68) Try your best. / Do your best.(69)
Think it
over and try
again.(70) Don’t be afraid / shy.9.
指令
(Issuing a
command)(71) Say / Read after