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语法框架
一、
词法
英语语法框架概
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数量：
1
0
大类
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分类依据：形式特征、意义、句法作用
词类
名词
代词
实词
动词
Notional
形容词
word
副词
数词
虚词
Empty
word
冠词
介词
连词
感叹词
Noun
Pronoun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Numeral
Article
Proposition
Conjunction
Injection
定义
表示事物名称的词
代替名词或名词所有格的词
表示动作或状态的词
表示人或事物性质特征的词
表示动作、状态、性质的程度的词
表示数目或顺序的词
名词前，说明名词含义
名词或代词之间，表关系
连接，
“关节”之意
情感态度的词
例词
Market,
people, water, information
I, me, we,
your, hers, all, nothing
Are, do, go,
eat
Young, fast, excellent
Very, well, always
One,
first, thousand
A, an, the
Of, to, after,
And, but, if
Oh, ah, well
二、
句法
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分类方法：
按成分、按类别
1.
句子成分
成分
主语
subject
——
“谁”
“什么”
动作或状态的发出者
充当词
例句
名词
Noun
The sun gives us light
and heat.
人称代词
Personal pronoun
We love
life.
物主代词
Possessive pronoun
Your idea
is good, but mine is better.
指示代词
Demonstrative pronoun
This
is my favorite teacher.
疑问代词
Interrogative pronoun
What
is
the
most
important
thing
in
your
life?
不定代词
Indefinite
pronoun
Nobody can stop me studying.
基数词
Cardinal
numeral
Two of you are my best
students.
序数词
Ordinal numeral
The second
is my sister.
形容词
Adjective
The
old
should
be
taken
care
of
in
our
country.
不定式
Infinitive
To talk is easier than to do.
动名词
Gerund
Helping others can bring us happiness.
从句
clause
What you did is better than what you
said.
1
蛋丁哥英语辅导
语法框架
谓语
predicate
——
主语的动作或状态
宾语
object
——
及物动词或及物动词短
语的对象或内容
实意动词
联系动词
Notional verb
Linking verb
We
plan
to
review
our
lessons
in
three
months.
We are Chinese.
名词
Noun
Nowadays
many
foreigners
are
learning
Chinese.
人称代词
Personal
pronoun
He fools us all.
反身代词
Reflexive
pronoun
Believe in yourself.
指示代词
Demonstrative pronoun
I
thank you will like this.
疑问代词
Interrogative pronoun
Who
are you waiting for?
不定代词
Infinitive pronoun
They got
everything they want.
物主代词
Possessive pronoun
He is an
old friends of hers.
相互代词
Reciprocal pronoun
We should
learn to respect each other.
形容词
Adjective
That news will
make mother happy.
副词
Adverb
Let me show you out.
宾语补足语
名词
Noun
We chose Tom our monitor.
object
complement
——
介词短语
Prepositional phrase
Jerry
found him in a strange world.
宾语之后，补充说明
不定式
Infinitive
Do not force me to do anything I
don
’
t like.
现在分词
Present
participle
Don’t
keep me
waiting too long.
过去分词
Past participle
They ran
away and left the work unfinished.
表语
predictive
——
说明主语，
“补足语”
形容词
Adjective
副词
Adverb
指示代词
Demonstrative pronoun
疑问代词
Interrogative pronoun
不定代词
Indefinite
pronoun
基数词
Cardinal numeral
序数词
Ordinal
numeral
介词短语
Prepositional phrase
不定式
Infinitive
动名词
Gerund
现在分词
Present
participle
过去分词
Past participle
从句
clause
The mountains are green.
Time is up.
What I want is
this.
I wander who you are.
It is nothing serious.
Two
plus two is four.
My mother is always
the first to get up.
The watch is just
under the table.
My job is to clean the
road.
His bobby is collecting stamps.
The result is disappointing.
We are disappointed to the result.
That is what IQ means.
定语
attribute
——
修饰名词或代词
名词
Noun
He works in a car
factory.
形容词
Adjective
Now the world is
just like a small village.
副词
Adverb
The native there are very friendly.
物主代词
Possessive
pronoun
Their invention won the world
prize.
指示代词
Demonstrative pronoun
These
wild plants are well protected.
疑问代词
Interrogative pronoun
Which
river is the longest in the world?
不定代词
Indefinite
pronoun
Both his parents are doctors.
基数词
Cardinal
numeral
The organization contains eight
countries.
序数词
Ordinal numeral
He was the
fifth player to receive the honor.
介词短语
Prepositional phrase
Many
secrets in space remain unknown.
不定式
Infinitive
So I have nothing to say for myself.
动名词
Gerund
I bought a walking
stick for my grandfather.
2
蛋丁哥英语辅导
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