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高职高专英语附表三
——
语法结构表
时间:
2013-10-11
19:36:53
高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)语法结构表
一、本表列出了英语课程教学中学生需掌握的语法知识。
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二、本表所规定的是学生应该掌握的语法知识和技能范围,并不要求在教学
< br>中对所列全部项目进行专题讲授。
语法教学的重点是培养学生实际使用语法的能<
/p>
力。
Symbols
&
Abbreviations
Nomenclature
N
Noun
Pron
Pronoun
Num
Numeral
Art
Article
Prep
Preposition
Adj
Adjective
Ad
Adverb
Det
Determiner
V
Verb
V-ing
1
Gerund
V-ing
2
Present participle
V-ed
1
Past form of verb
V-ed
2
Past participle
To V
Infinitive
S
Subject
O
Object
Oi
Indirect object
Od
Direct object
Cs
Subject
complement
Co
Object complement
Wh-words
who, when, where, how, why,
which, whether
Conj
Conjunction
Exc
Exclamation
1
.
Noun
(名词):
1.1
Classes of N: countable vs. Uncountable
(名词的种类:可数名词与
不可数名词)
1.2 Number of N
(
名词的数
)
1.3 Irregular plurals
(
不规则复数
)
1.4 Genitive case of N
(
名词的所有格
)
1.5 Double genitive
(
双重所有格
)
e. g . a portrait of
Mr. Brown’s (cf. a portrait of Mr.
Brown)
2
.
Pronoun
(
代词
)
2.1 Personal pronoun
(
人称代词
)
2.2 Demonstrative pronoun
(
指示代词
)
2.3 Possessive pronoun
(
物主代词
)
2.4 Reflexive pronoun
(
反身代词
)
2.5 Interrogative
pronoun
(疑问代词)
2.6 Indefinite pronoun
(不定代词)
2.7 Reciprocal
pronoun
(相互代词)
2.8 Relative pronoun
(关系代词)
<
/p>
3
.
Numeral
(数词)
3.1 Cardinal and
ordinal numbers
(基数词和序数词)
3.2
Percentage
(百分数)
3.3 Fraction
(分数)
3.4 Decimal
(小数)
3.5 Multiple
(倍数)
3.6 Year, Month, Date,
Time
(年份、月份、日期、时刻)
4
.
Determiner
(限定词
)
4.1 Definite and
indefrinite
articles
(定冠词和不定冠词)
4.2 any, all, both, each, every,
either, neither, no, this, etc.
4.3
Quantifiers
(数量词)
,a piece of, etc
5
.
Preposition
(介词)
5.1 Simple
preposition
(简单介词)
5.2 Compound
preposition
(复合介词)
6
.
Adjective
(形容词)
6.1 Syntactic function of
Adj
(形容词的句法功能)
6.2 Adj+Prep
6.3
Adj+toV
6.4 Adj+that-
clause
6.5 Too+Adj+to
V
6.6 Adj+enough+to
V
6.7 so+Adj+as+to
V
7
.
Ad
verb
(副词)
7.1
Syntactic function of
Adv
(副词的句法功能)
7.2
Adverbs with or without-ly
(带
-ly
和不带
-ly
的副词)
, highly; most,
mlostly, etc.
7.3 Position
of adverbs
(副词的位置)
8
.
The comparative
and superlative degrees of Adj/Adv
(形容词和
副
词的比较级和最高级)
9
.
Verb
classes
(动词)
9.1
Transitive and intransitive
verbs
(及物动词和不及物动词)
9.2 Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries
(助动词和情态动词)
9.3
Phrasal verbs
(短语动词)
e.g. depend on, turn
out, catch up with, etc.
10.
Tense
(时态)
10.1 Simple present, past, future
(一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来
时)
10.2 Present and past
progressive
(现在进行时和过去进行时)
10.3 Future
progressive
(将来进行时)
10.4 Present and past
perfect
(现在完在时和过去完成时)
10.5 Future perfect
(将来完来时)
10.6 Present perfect
progressive
(现在完成进行时)
10.7 Past perfect
progressive
(过去完成进行时)
11
.
Passive
voice
(被动语态)
11.1
Passive voivce in simple
tenses
(被动语态的一般式)
11.2 Passive voice in perfect and progressive tens
es
(被动语态的完成
式和进行式)
11.3 Passive voice of phrasal
verbs
(短语动词的被动语态)
11.4 Passive voice of modal
verbs
(含情态动词的被动语态)
12
.
Subjunctive
mood
(虚拟语气)
12.1
in conditional
sentences
(用于条件句中)
12.1.1
if+V-ed
1
…would+V
12.1.2
if+had+V-ed
2
…would
+have+V
-ed
2
12.1.3 if+should/were to+V,
…would+V
12.1.4 omission of
if
(
if
的省略
)
12.2 in the following
that-
clause after
(
用于下列动词的
that
宾语从句中
)
wish,
demand, suggest, etc
It + be + suggested / desirable.
etc.
Suggestion, recommendation,
etc.
12.3 in the following
clauses and
constructions
(用于下列从句和结构中)
as if + clause, as
though + clause
It is time that
Would rather
13
.
To V(Infinitiv
e
动词不定式
)
13.1 as subject, object, attribute and
complement
(用作主语,宾语、
定语和补足语)
p>
13.2 Indicating purpose
/
result
(表示目的/结果)
13.3 It+
(
b
e
)
+Adj
(
+for+sb
.)
+ to V
13.4 wh-words+ to V
(
phrase
)(疑问词加不定式
[
< br>短语])
13.5 to
be+V-ed
2
, to
have+V-ed
2
,to be +V-ing
2
(
不定式的被动式、完成
式和进行式)
14
.
V-ing
1
(
Gerun
d
动名词)
14.1 as
object, subject and
predicative
(用作宾语、主语和表语)
14.2 Prep+V-ing
1
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