语法术语 各用词英语表达

常用语法术语表

语法

grammar

句法

syntax

词法

morphology

结构

structure

层次

rank

句子

sentence

从句

clause

词组

phrase

词类

part of speech

单词

word

实词

notional word

虚词

structrural word

名词

noun

专有名词

proper noun

普通名词

common noun

可数名词

countable noun

不可数名词

uncountable noun

抽象名词

abstract noun

具体名词

concret noun

物质名词

material noun

集体名词

collective noun

个体名词

individual noun

介词

preposition

连词

conjunction

动词

verb

主动词

main verb

及物动词

transitive verb

不及物动词

intransitive verb

系动词

link verb

助动词

auxiliary verb

情态动词

modal verb

规则动词

regular verb

不规则动词

irregular verb

短语动词

phrasal verb

限定动词

finite verb

非限定动词

infinite verb

使役动词

causative verb

感官动词

verb of senses

动态动词

event verb

静态动词

state verb

感叹词

exclamation

形容词

adjective

副词

adverb

方式副词

adverb of manner

程度副词

adverb of degree

时间副词

adverb of time

地点副词

adverb of place

修饰性副词

adjunct

连接性副词

conjunct

疑问副词

interogative adverb

关系副词

relative adverb

代词

pronoun

人称代词

personal pronoun

物主代词

possesive pronoun

反身代词

reflexive pronoun

相互代词

reciprocal pronoun

指示代词

demonstrative pronoun

疑问代词

interrogative pronoun

关系代词

relative pronoun

不定代词

indefinite pronoun

物主代词

possecive pronoun

名词性物主代词

nominal possesive prnoun

形容词性物主代词

adjectival possesive pronoun

冠词

article

定冠词

definite article

不定冠词

indefinite article

数词

numeral

基数词

cardinal numeral

序数词

ordinal numeral

分数词

fractional numeral

形式

form

单数形式

singular form

复数形式

plural form

限定动词

finite verb form

非限定动词

non-finite verb form

原形

base form

从句

clause

从属句

subordinate clause

并列句

coordinate clause

名词从句

nominal clause

定语从句

attributive clause

状语从句

adverbial clause

宾语从句

object clause

主语从句

subject clause

同位语从句

appositive clause

时间状语从句

adverbial clause of time

地点状语从句

adverbial clause of place

方式状语从句

adverbial clause of manner

让步状语从句

adverbial clause of concession

原因状语从句

adverbial clause of cause

结果状语从句

adverbial clause of result

目的状语从句

adverbial clause of purpose

条件状语从句

adverbial clause of condition

真实条件状语从句

adverbial clause of real condition

非真实条件状语从句

adverbial clause of unreal condition

含蓄条件句

adverbial clause of implied condition

错综条件句

adverbial clause of mixed condition

句子

sentence

简单句

simple sentence

并列句

compound sentence

复合句

complex sentence

并列复合句

compound complex sentence

陈述句

declarative sentence

疑问句

interrogative sentence

一般疑问句

general question

特殊疑问句

special question

选择疑问句

alternative question

附加疑问句

tag question

反义疑问句

disjunctive question

修辞疑问句

rhetorical question

感叹疑问句

exclamatory question

存在句

existential sentence

肯定句

positive sentence

否定句

negative sentence

祈使句

imperative sentence

省略句

elliptical sentence

感叹句

exclamatory sentence

基本句型

basic sentence patern

句子成分

members of sentences

主语

subject

谓语

predicate

宾语

object

双宾语

dual object

直接宾语

direct object

间接宾语

indirect object

复合宾语

complex object

同源宾语

cognate object

补语

complement

主补

subject complement

宾补

object complement

表语

predicative