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I've

been

writing

for

most

of

my

life.

The

book

Writing

Without

Teachers

introduced

me

to

one

distinction

and

one

practice

that

has

helped

my

writing

processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical

mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in

parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.

Trying

to

criticize

writing

on

the

fly

is

possibly

the

single

greatest

barrier

to

writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher

correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(

稍纵即逝的

) thought,

the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the

world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and

then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.

The practice that can help you past

your learned bad habits of trying to edit as

you write is what Elbow calls

“

free writing

”

. In free writing, the objective is to get

words

down

on

paper

non-stop,

usually

for

15-20

minutes.

No

stopping,

no

going

back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow,

the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad

or your screen.

Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical

mind that you've persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will

believe

that

this

will

take

more

time

than

you

actually

have

and

you

will

end

up

staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.

Instead

of

staring

at

a

blank

start

filling

it

with

words

no

matter

how

bad.

Halfway through you available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something

closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final

result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

1. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind

“

cannot work in

parallel

”

(Line 4, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means ________.

A) no one can be both creative and critical

B) they cannot be regarded as equally important

C) they are in constant conflict with each other

D) one cannot use them at the same time

2. What prevents people from writing on is ________.

A) putting their ideas in raw form

B) attempting to edit as they write

C) ignoring grammatical soundness

D) trying to capture fleeting thoughts

3. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?

A) To organize one's thoughts logically.

B) To choose an appropriate topic.

C) To get one's ideas down.

D) To collect raw materials.

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4. One common concern of writers about

“

free writing

”

is that ________.

A) it overstresses the role of the creative mind

B) it takes too much time to edit afterwards

C) it may bring about too much criticism

D) it does not help them to think clearly

5. In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?

A) It refines his writing into better shape.

B) It helps him to come up with new ideas.

C) It saves the writing time available to him.

D) It allows him to sit on the side and observe.

答案：

（正如开头所说，答案不是我写的 。因为字数比较多，标准答案的选项我已

标成彩色，大家可以按照这个直接核对答案。< /p>

）

这是一篇语言较为平易的说明文，

作者以简练、

亲切、

对话式的语言向读者

阐述了自己的写作方法。全文共五 段，开篇以

I've been writing for most of my l ife

一句点明作者是位经验丰富的作家，

开门见山，

在读者心目中树立了权威，

为后

文介绍的写作方 法被读者接受铺平了道路。

作者随后马不停蹄提出了第一点写作

方法，

The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind

，即批判 思

维与创造思维不能同时共存。

按照常理来讲，

这句话是应该与前文断开、

自成一

段的，原因是它与前 文实际上是总分关系。不过由考

(

试

^

大于文章的平易性和闲

散性，作者也就对此未做过高要求。

第二段具体 说明解决批判思维与创造思维的关系问题的方法：

使用创造思维

在前，使用批判思维在后：

You must learn to create first and then criticize.

第三段介绍了运用创造思维的具体方法：

free writi ng

，

自由写作

;

第四、五段

具体讲解批判思维的使用方法。

1.

题 目问作者所讲的写作过程中的创造思维与批判思维

cannot

work

in

parallel

是什么意思。

文章的第二段论述了创造性思维与 批判性思维的关系问题。

从最后一句结语

You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool

for thinking that it is

可清晰地看出，在应用这二种思维时，必须首 先使用创造性

思维，而后再使用批判性思维。意思就是二者不可同时使用。

A)

一个人不可能既会用创造性思维又会用批判性思维。

no one

can be

both

creative

and

crit ical

的意思是一个人身上不同时具备这二种思维能力，而不是不

能同时使用这二者。作者在文中讨论先运用创造思维、后运用批判思维的问题，

那么 一个人肯定是具有这两种思维能力的。

A

的解释不对。