高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)含解析

D

。

（

3

）考查推理 判断。根据最后一段中的

“Then the lady realized that she wasn't just look

ing at

a dress, she was looking at a mother who knew that she was going away and would not be there

to kiss away the hurts that she knew her daughter would get. So she took all the love she had for

her little girl and put them into this dress.”

可知，女人深感裙子里蕴含的深意，并 为之感动。

故选

A

。

< br>

（

4

）考查主旨大意。本文从 头到尾都围绕小女孩身上的裙子而展开，并且结尾处进行裙子

意义的深化。故选

C

。

【点评】本题考 点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅

读，要求考生在 捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推

理，概括和归纳， 从而选出正确答案。

3

．

阅读理解

Coral

reefs

(

珊瑚礁

)

are

an

integral

part

of

sea

life

and

sustain

it

by

providing

shelter

and

habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing

fish population, along with other species, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise

in average water temperatures due to climate change has resulted in more frequent and longtime

coral bleaching (

白化现象

) events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to

abandon them.

In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the UK and Australia conducted a

study

that

involved

using

loudspeakers

underwater

near

damaged

coral

reefs

to

make

them

sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kick- starting the natural recovery process of coral reefs

and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the

Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland, Australia. The site is noted to have the

largest coral reef system in the world.

coral

reefs

are

remarkably

noisy

places-the

crackle

of

snapping

shrimp

and

the

whoops and grunts of fish. Young fish concentrate on these sounds when they're looking for a

place to settle,

UK.

By

using

loudspeakers

to

copy

such

sounds,

parts

of

dead

coral

reefs

were

found

to

attract

twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played.

crucial

for

coral

reefs

to

function

as

healthy

ecosystems.

Boosting

fish

populations

in

this

way

could help to kick-start natural recovery processes, preventing the damage we're seeing on many

coral reefs around the world,

（

1

< br>）

What causes the phenomenon of coral bleaching?

e species.

pollution.

g industry.

ng temperatures.

（

2< /p>

）

What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs?

ng damaged coral reefs.

loudspeakers to keep fish away.

ng new homes for sea species.

g certain sounds to appeal to fish.

（

3

）

Why are Steve Simpson's words quoted?

provide some findings of the study.

show the progress of the experiment.

explain reasons for the new approach.

give another solution to the problem.

（

4

）

What can we infer from the last paragraph?

attempts are in vain.

l recovery is impossible.

l success has been achieved.

coral reefs have returned to normal.

【答案】

（

1

）

D

（< /p>

2

）

D

（

3

）

C

（

4

）

C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文 ，由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、

更长期的珊瑚白化事件，而为了恢复 这一脆弱的生态系统，科学家们在受损的珊瑚礁附近

使用水下扩音器，让珊瑚听起来更健 康，从而能够吸引鱼类。作者解释了采用这一方法的

原因以及这一新方法获得了初步成功 。

（

1< /p>

）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的

“However,

the

rise

in average water

temperatures

due

to

climate

change

has

resulted

in

more

frequent

and

longtime

u

coral

bleaching

events

that

damage their health, causing fish

and other sea species to abandon them.”

然而，由于气候变化

导致的平均 水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件，损害了它们的健康，导致鱼

类和其他海 洋物种抛弃它们，可知，气温攀升是导致珊瑚白化现象的原因。故选

D

< br>。

（

2

）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的

“In

order

to

restore

this

delicate

ecosystem,

scientists

from the UK and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers underwater near

damaged

coral reefs

to

make

them

sound

healthy

and attract

fish,

potentially

kick-starting

the

natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms.”

为了恢复这一脆 弱的生

态系统，来自英国和澳大利亚的科学家们进行了一项研究，他们在受损的珊瑚礁附 近使用

水下扩音器，让它们听起来更健康，吸引鱼类，这可能会启动珊瑚礁的自然恢复过 程及其

依赖的生命形式，可知，应当采用播放某些声音来吸引鱼的方法来恢复珊瑚礁。故 选

D

。

< /p>

（

3

）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中 的

“Healthy

coral

reefs

are

remarkably

noisy

places

-

the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish.”

健康的珊瑚礁是非常吵杂的

地方

——

虾的噼啪声和鱼的呼噜呼噜声，可知，引用

Simpson

的话是为了解释采用 这

一新方法的原因。故选

C

。

（

4

）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的

“By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of

dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds

were played.”

通过使用扩音器来 模仿这些声音，人们发现部分死去的珊瑚礁比没有声音的地

方能吸引两倍多的鱼，可推知 这一新方法初步取得了成功。故选

C

。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查， 是一篇环保类阅读，考生需

要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出 正确答案。

4

．

阅读理解

They had a dozen children, six boys and six girls, in seventeen years. One reason Dad had so

many children was that he was confident anything he and Mother teamed upon was sure to be a

success.

Our house at Montclair, New Jersey, was a sort of school for scientific management and the

removal of wasted motions

—

or “motion study,” as Dad and Mother named it.

Dad took moving pictures of us children washing dishes, so that he could determine how we

could reduce our motions and thus hurry through the task. Each child who wanted extra pocket

money

put

forward

an

offer

saying

what

he

would

do

the

job

for.

The

lowest

bidder

got

the

contract(

合约

).

Dad put process and work charts in the bathrooms. Every child old enough to write

—

and Dad

expected his children to start writing at a young age

—

was required to sign their names on the

charts in the morning after he had brushed his teeth, taken a bath, combed his hair, and made his

bed. At night, each child had to weigh himself, mark the figure on a graph, and sign the process

charts again after he had done his homework, washed his hands and face, and brushed his teeth.

Mother wanted to have a place on the charts for saying prayers, but Dad said as far as he was

concerned prayers were voluntary.

It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home or on the job, Dad was always the efficiency

expert.

He

buttoned

his

vest

from

the

bottom

up,

instead

of

from

the

top

down, because

the

bottom-to-top

process

took

him

only

three

seconds,

while

the

top-to-bottom

took

seven.

He

even used two shaving brushes to make his face smooth enough, because he found that by so

doing he could cut seventeen seconds off his shaving time. For a while he tried shaving with two

razors, but he finally gave that up.

“I can save forty

-

four seconds,” he complained, “but I wasted two minutes this morning putting

this bandage on my throat.” It wasn't the injured throat that really bothered him.

It was the two

minutes.

（

1

）

Why was the author's house considered a sort of school?

A. It had a team of twelve children there. B. The children were taught how to work well in it.

C. The

parents

could

teach

their

children

better

at

home.

D. The

parents

could

have

the

children's daily activities recorded.

（

2

What is the purpose of signing the charts?

A. To help to do things efficiently.

B. To manage the big family effectively.

C. To look after the children better. D. To remind the children to obey the rules.

（

3

< br>）

What did the father complain about one morning?

A. He should have given up shaving. B. His bleeding throat bothered him.

C. He couldn't shave with two razors. D. He failed to cut short his shaving time.

（

4

）

We can we infer from the text?

A. The kids had to bid for everything they wanted.

B. The author took pride in his father's

management.

C. The couple were always troubled by their children.

D. The father's work was to teach the

children at home.

【答案】

（

1

）

B

（

2

）

A

（

3< /p>

）

D

（

4

）

B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文 ，作者父亲有一套严格有效的管理教育子女的方法，

使作者感到自豪。

< br>

（

1

）考查推理判断。根据第 二段中的

“Our

house

at

Montclair,

New

Jersey,

was

a

sort

of

school for scientific management and the removal of wasted motions

—

or ‘motion study,’ as Dad

and Mother named it.”

可知，作者的家 被认为是一种学校是因为孩子们被教导如何在里面工

作得很好。故选

B

。

（

2

）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的

“It was strict management, all right. Yes, at home or

on the job, Dad was always the efficiency expert.”

可知，签署图表的目的是为了帮助我们有效< /p>

地做事。故选

A

。

（

3

）考查推理判断。根据最后一 段中的

“‘I can save forty

-

four seconds,’ he complained, ‘but I

wasted two minutes this morning putting this bandage on my throat.’ It wasn't the injured throat

that really bothered him. It was the two minutes.”