现代大学英语精读5 课文翻译 1-11课

。在上海，我和一群人在一间又小又闷的宾馆会议室里相聚。那是

犹太赎 罪日前夜。参加聚会的有许多西方国家的外交官、教师和商人，还有携带可爱孩子的

漂亮 女士、单身男士和年轻的父亲。夏勒姆·格林伯格是位年轻的以色列犹太人，娶了个美

国 太太。他是第一次作为拉比

(

犹太教巾负责执行教规、律法并主 持宗教仪式的人

)

主持这种

刚刚开始定 期举行的新年宗教集会。

38

．格 林伯格拉比说：

“犹太人遍布世界各地，这是犹太历史的一部分。他们从当地文

化吸收了不少东西，但仍然保持了自己的本色。

”

39

．

庄严的礼拜仪式在继续，

经过几千年和上百种外同文化的影响都未曾改变。

他吟诵：

“啊，上帝啊

!

给我一颗纯净的心，恢复我 健康的心灵

!

”我既不是犹太人也不是中国人，但

坐在这里我一点都不觉得陌生．感觉就像在家里一样。忏悔可能具有犹太特色，但是渴望得

40

．

全球文化并不仅仅意味着拥有更多的电视机和耐克鞋。

相互联系是人类自然的欲望，

是其共同的命运。但是连接全球人类的纽带并不只是技 术或商业，这种连接靠的是强有力的

心灵的纽带。

Key to exercises:

I. Vocabulary

A. Look up the following words and phrases. Select the meaning that best suits the

sentence in which each appears.

l. in the act of struggling with (a problem, decision, task, etc. )

2. a force producing motion or change

3. program of things to be done

4. have a lot of, as if full of holes after a shotgun blast

5. a large number of young people who are decisive

6. to spend much of one's time; frequent

7. to control someone, as to show him how to behave or act

8. an isolated area of a specified type

9. to became popular

15

10. extending far down in a revealing way

IV. Questions on Appreciation

A. Organization

1. The author begins the article with the statement

a worldwide reformation

of cultures

author

points out that globalization is a world movement and a movement of reformation of

cultures.

She

does

not

say

merging

of

cultures

but

reformation

of

cultures,

indicating

the cultures in the world will continue to exist but they will not be the same. She

quotes Marx and Engels to prove her point. According to polls, Marx and Engels are

rated

among

most

important

people

in

the

past

thousand

years.

The

author's

intention

is

two

fold:

on

one

hand

she

wants

to

show

that

globalization

is

the

result

of

modern

industry

and

world

market,

on

the

other

hand

she

wants

to

stress

that

it

is

a

process

and a historical process at that.

2. The author uses Tom Sloper and mah-jongg as an example to illustrate the mixing

of cultures. It is a typical example because it is a fusion of computers, a Western

high technology, and mah-jongg, a traditional Chinese game --- a fusion of East and

West, of technology and entertainment. In short, a fusion of things previously

unrelated.

3.

English

has

become

a

universal

language.

If

you

go

on

the

Internet,

the

overwhelming

amount of information is

in

English. In international business, the prevalent

means

of communication is English. That's why these critics include the English language

as part of the

4. This is an example the author uses to illustrate the transformation of cultures.

She

wants

to

use

the

incident

to

prove

different

cultures

can

coexist

and

learn

from

each other while maintaining their own identity. A Jewish gathering on the eve of

Yon Kipper, a Jewish Holy Day, in Shanghai, a Chinese city is evidence of cultural

coexistence.

That

the

author,

neither

Chinese

nor

Jewish,

felt

at

home

at

the

Jewish

gathering is another example. The author's conclusion is: there are things in one

culture

which

are

shared

by

other

cultures.

In

other

words,

there

are

things

in

common

in all cultures. This is the basis for mutual understanding and co-existence.

5. In Para 4, the author puts

contrast. In Para 7, the author first contrasts the critics and the boosters. Then

she

contrasts

the

inconsistencies

with

each

group.

The

critics

blast

Coke

and

Hollywood but not organ transplant and computers, indicating their critique is

selective. The boosters emphasize environmental protection but make no mention of

cigarettes

and

automobiles,

indicating

that

they

deliberately

overlook

those

things

that bring damage to health and the environment. In Para 14, the author contrasts

a number of things: Asia vs. the U.S., lower-middle class people vs. upper-class

people, men vs. society women. In Para 22, the author contrasts

6. In the conclusion remark, the author makes clear her view of globalization. She

points

out

the

reason

why

globalization

is

inevitable linking

is

humanity's

natural

impulse.

Here

two

words

are

worthy

of

our

attention.

The

author

is

not

talking

about

merging

or

fusion

but

linking

and

she

says

linking

is

a

natural

human

desire.

In

other

words, it is not something imposed on humanity. From this careful choice of words

we get to know that there will not be a McWorld but a coexistence of transformed

16

cultures,

and

these

cultures

are

brought

together

not

just

by

technology

or

business

but

more

importantly

by

common

aspiration

and

shared

values.

The

concluding

paragraph

is short, consisting of four sentences. But they bring out important ideas which,

in

turn,

are

linked

with

the

Shanghai

experience.

Therefore,

the

development

of

ideas

and the conclusion emerge naturally and logically.

7.

The

writer's

argument

is

effective

because

she

cites

facts

from

historical

perspective.

She

uses

the

inductive

approach

in

this

journalistic

writing.

She

argues

from facts, along with personal

opinions

and

common

knowledge.

The essay

is

informal

and

subjective

in

tone.

The

writer

also

makes

full

use

of

the

rhetorical

devices of metaphor and contrast.

B. Comment on the style of writing of the following statements, paying special

attention to structure, diction, tone, rhetorical devices, etc.

1. tectonic: metaphor

2. cloning: metaphor

3. fountainhead: metaphor

4. pocket: is used figuratively

5. marry: metaphor

6. The rhetorical device of antonomasia is used here. The small rooms in Asia stand

for lower-middle-class people in Asia.

7. Metonymy is used in the sentence. The place names stand for social and economic

status.

8. A contrast is made between old Shanghai and Shanghai in the 1990s.

9. compass and wilds: metaphor

V. Explain the following in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings.

1. Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already

a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.

2. Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of

existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign

3 in China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been

struggling for dominance.

4.

The

Chinese

people

should

continue

to

live

a

backward

life

while

we

live

comfortably

with all modern conveniences.

四、女性的职业

弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫

l.

你们的秘书邀请我时对我说你们妇女服务团关注的是女性就业问题，她提议我讲一讲

< br>我就业的亲身体验。我是女性，这是事实；我有工作，这也是事实。但我又有什么职业体验

呢

?

这很难讲。我从事的是文学职业，与其他职业相比 ，当然不包括戏剧行业，在文学职业里

几乎没有什么女性体验，我的意思是几乎没有女性 特有的体验。多年前，路已开辟出来。许

多知名的女性

---< /p>

范妮·伯尼、阿芙拉

.

贝恩、哈丽雅特· 马蒂诺、简·奥斯汀、乔治·艾略

特

---

和许多不知名以及已被人忘记的女性在我之前铺平了道路并指导我向前走。

因此，< /p>

在我

从事写作时，几乎没有物质障碍。写作这个职业既受人尊敬又 没有危险。写字的沙沙声不会

打破家庭的和平，

写作也不需要什 么家庭开销。

花

16

便士买的纸足够用 来写莎士比亚的所有

戏剧

---

要是你 有那样的才智的话。作家不需要钢琴和模特，不用去巴黎、维也纳和柏林，也

不需要家庭 教师。当然，廉价的写作用纸是女性作为作家成功而先于其他职业的原因。