-
（英语）英语阅读理解
(
科普环保
)
专项习题及答案解析及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类
1
．
犇犇阅读理解
According to a
recent study, a new genetically modified rice can
prevent infections of HIV, the
virus
responsible for the disease AIDS.
The study reports the newly-
developed rice produces proteins that attach
directly to the HIV
virus.
This
process
prevents
the
virus
from
mixing
with
human
cells.
The
scientists
say
it
can
remove the effect of the virus and
block its spreading.
The
Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports
that worldwide, nearly 37 million people
were living with HIV in 2017. The
organization says the largest number of those are
in developing
countries. Nearly two-
thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no
cure for HIV/AIDS though
there have
been developments in oral drug treatments to slow
the progression of the disease.
The
new
study
predicts
the
rice-based
method
will
lead
to
long-term
use
of
the
anti-HIV
treatment
across
the
developing
world.
Researchers
said
the
discovery
is
enough for the developing
world.
They say the
easiest and most cost-effective way to use the
rice will be to make it into a cream
to
be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can
then enter the body through the skin. People
all over the world could grow the rice
and make the cream themselves. This would prevent
the
cost and travel required for many
patients to receive treatments and
medicine.
The process of
changing the genetic structure of food crops has
been debated for some time.
Critics
of
genetically
engineered
crops
believe
they
can
harm
people.
The
scientific
team
says
further testing is
needed to ensure that the genetic engineering
process does not produce any
additional
chemicals that could be dangerous to
people.
（
1
）
What does the author intend to do
in paragraph 3?
A. Stress the urgency of HIV
treatments.
B. Provide some
data about HIV.
C. Remind
readers of HIV prevention.
D. Introduce HIV to the
public.
（
2
）
In
which way will the rice be used at the lowest
cost?
A. By
transforming it into proteins.
B. By adding it to an oral
drug.
C. By attaching it to
the HIV virus.
D. By
processing it into a cream.
（
3
）
What can we
infer about the genetic engineering process?
A. It can prevent
infections of HIV.
B. It can
produce dangerous chemicals.
C. It still requires
perfecting.
D. It applies to
the developed world.
（
4
）
From which is the
text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook.
B. A health magazine.
C. A social webpage.
D. A first aid brochure.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了科学家培育出可预防艾滋病病毒感染的转基
因水稻。研究人员表示，这一
“
突破性
”
的发现是
“
现在唯一的
”
以低成本为发展中国家生产
抗艾滋病毒联合治疗的方法，但还有待于进一步的完善。<
/p>
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“nearly 37
million people w
ere living with HIV in
2017....
Now there is no cure for
HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in
oral drug treatments
to slow the
progression of the disease”
可知，
< br>“2017
年全世界有近
3700
万人感染艾滋病毒。
尽管口服药物治疗已经有了进展减缓了疾病的发展，但现在还没有
治愈艾滋病毒
/
艾滋病的
方法
”
。由此可推断出对于艾滋病的治疗迫在眉睫，非常紧迫。分析选项可知
A
项符合题
意，
故选
A
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第五段中的
“They say the easiest and
most cost
-effective way to use
the rice will be to make it into a
cream to be put on the skin.”
可知，最简单、最划算
的使用方
法是将大米制成面霜涂在皮肤上。
“the
most
cost
-
effective”
与
“the
lowest
cost”
是同义词，
“make
it into a cream”
与
“process it
into a cream”
是同义的。故选
D
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“The
scientific team says further testing is needed to
ensure
that
the
genetic
engineering
process
does
not
produce
any
additional
chemicals
that
could
be
dangerous
to
peop
le.”
可知，科学研究小组认为要进一步的测试，以确保基因工程
过程不会产生任何可能对人类有害的额外化学物质。由此可推断这种基因工程的过程还需
要进一步的完善。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了最近的一项研究，一种新的转基因水稻
可以预防艾
滋病病毒的感染。因此与人类的健康有关，所以本文可能是出现在健康杂志
上，故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
犇
犇
Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage
you have
just read.
Being
able
to
land
safely
is
a
critically
important
skill
for
all
flying
animals.
Comparatively
speaking, ground living animals face no
particular challenge when they need to stop
running or
crawling, while flying
animals move at much higher speed, and they must
be careful about how
they land. Hitting
the ground, or even water, at full flight speed
would be quite dangerous. Before
touching down, they must decrease their
speed in order to land safely. Both bats and birds
have
mastered the skill of landing, but
these two types of flyers go about it quite
differently.
In
the
past
it
was
believed
that,
in
terms
of
flying
mechanics,
there
was
little
difference
between bats and
birds. This belief was based only on assumption,
however, because for years
nobody
had
actually
studied
in
detail
how
bats
move
their
wings.
In
recent
years,
though,
researchers
have
discovered
a
number
of
interesting
facts
about
bat
flight.
Bats
are
built
differently from birds, and their wings
are made up of both their front and hind
limbs
(
肢体
). This
makes
coordinating
(
协调
) their limbs more
difficult for bats and, as a result, they are not
very
good
at
flying
over
longer
distances.
However,
they
are
much
better
at
the
ability
to
adjust
themselves: a bat can
quickly change its direction of flight or
completely reverse
it
,
something a
bird cannot easily
do.
Another
interesting
characteristic
of
bat
flight
is
the
way
in
which
bats
land-upside
down!
Unlike birds which touch down on the
ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed
flying
around and then suddenly hanging
upside down from an object overhead. One downside
to this
landing routine is that the
bats often land with some force, which probably
causes pain. However,
not all bats hit
their landing spots with the same speed and force;
these will vary depending on
the area
where a bat species makes its home. For example, a
cave bat, which regularly lives on a
hard stone ceiling, is more careful
about its landing preparation than a bat more
accustomed to
landing in leafy
treetops.
（
1
）
Which of the following is the
topic of the passage?
A. Places where flying animals choose
to land.
B. Why scientists
have difficulty observing bats.
C. Differences in the eating habits of
bats and birds.
D. Ways in
which bats move differently from birds.
（
2
）
Whi
ch of the following is a false assumption about
bats that was recently corrected?
A. They cannot hear any
sound. B. They sleep
upside down.
C. They fly
similarly to birds.
D. They hide in tree
branches.
（
3
）
The
word
it
A. the distance to the nets
B. the sense of flying height
C. the flying direction
D. the ability to change the
speed
（
4
）
According to the passage, which of
the following is NOT true?
A. Bats might hurt themselves when
landing. B. Bats can hang upside down like
birds.
C. Bats can adjust
speed before landing.
D. Bats
and birds land in different ways.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，作者用研究事实来证明蝙蝠在飞行及运动方式与鸟
类完全不同。以前人们认为蝙蝠和鸟
类在运动方面没有什么区别，但现在的研究证明蝙蝠
的构造不同于鸟类，它们的翅膀由前
肢和后肢组成，它们自我调节能力好，可迅速改变飞
行方向，或完全逆行，这是鸟类不容
易做到的，而且蝙蝠飞行的另一个有趣特征是蝙蝠倒
立着降落的！这不同于那些降落在地
上或树枝上的鸟。
（
1
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
but these two types of flyers go about it
quite differently.
提出了蝙蝠与鸟的降落方式及飞行的
不同。第二段用研究证明过去认为蝙蝠和鸟类在飞行运动方面没有什么区别是错误的。尤< p>
其是
are
much
better
at
the
ability
to
adjust
themselves:
a
bat
can
quickly
change
its
direction of flight or completely
reverse it, something a bird cannot easily do
可知蝙蝠与鸟的运
动不同；第三段中的
interesting
characteristic
of
bat
flight
is
the
way
in
which
bats
land-
upside down! Unlike
birds which touch down on the ground or on tree br
anches,…
再一次
说明了蝙蝠与鸟运动方式的不同。综上
所述，可知，蝙蝠与鸟运动方式的不同是本文的主
题。故选
D<
/p>
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
the
past
it
was
believed
that,
in
terms
of
flying
mechanics,
there
was
little
difference
between
bats
and
birds.
This
belief
was
based
only
on
assumption,
however,
because
for
years
nobody
had
actually
studied
in
detail
how
bats
move
their
wings…This makes coordinating
(
协调
) their limbs more
difficult for bats and, as a result,
they are not very good at flying over
longer distances.
可推断出，过去人们认为蝙蝠与鸟在飞
行运动方式与鸟没有区别，最近的研究发现，这是不正确的，故也是要纠正的，故选
C
。
（
3
）考查代词指代。划线部分的上下文说
蝙蝠在自我调节的能力上要好得多：蝙蝠可以
迅速改变
飞行方向，或者完全与它（正飞行方向）相反的方向飞行，这是鸟不容易做到
的。
由此可知，此处的
指
的是飞行的方向。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查
推断判断。根据第三段中的
interesting
characteristic
of
bat
flight
is
the
way in which bats land-
upside down! Unlike birds which touch down on the
ground or on tree
branches, bats can be
observed flying around and then suddenly hanging
upside down from an
object overhead.
One downside to this landing routine is that the
bats often land with some force,
which
probably
causes
p
ain.
可知，蝙蝠飞行的另一个有趣特征是蝙蝠倒立着降落的方式！
< br>不同于那些降落在地上或树枝上的鸟，观察到蝙蝠可以四处飞行，然后突然倒挂在头顶的
< br>物体上。这种降落方式的一个缺点是蝙蝠经常用力降落，这可能会导致疼痛。因此蝙蝠与
< br>鸟不同，蝙蝠可以倒挂着。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意
三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理
，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答
案。
3
．
犇犇阅读理解
In my memory,
winters always used to be really unpleasant. You
had to bundle up just to keep
warm when
you went outside. You were often cold, wet, slip
on the ice, and you'd arrive home to
an
ice-cold house. And that would mean turning on the
heating and waiting. It's a miracle you
didn't get cold to the bone.
Fortunately,
things
don't
have
to
be
so
challenging
any
more.
Technology,
engine
ring
and
design
have
advanced
giving
us
new
solutions
to
old
problems.
It
means
dealing
with
winter
needn't be like skating on thin
ice.
With a smart
thermostat (
温度自动调节器
), our
homes can be warm when we need them to
be. Many models feature smartphone apps
that allow you to control temperature remotely, so
we
can
warm
up
the
house
before we
arrive
home. According
to
,
Tado's
model
features voice control, while the Nest
'leans' your habits and automatically heats the
home for
you.
Clothes have been given an upgrade, too.
Electronic thermal jackets, sweaters and coats
heat
up when you turn them on. What
better way to keep warm in the dead of winter? At
the touch of
a button, or through an
app on our phones, the clothing generates heat
from elements placed
inside. Many
models offer three levels of heating which stay
warm for over 12 hours. .
Finally, there is the clothing for the head,
beanie s and Earmuff, that feature speakers
included
in the fabric using Bluetooth
technology so we can listen to our favourite music
or, in some cases,
have a phone
callusing the in-built microphone. All while
keeping the head warm and avoiding a
cold.
For
many, the thought of winter used to be enough to
make their blood run cold. But using
technology, life needn't freeze up.
With the right solutions, there's no reason why
winter can't be
really, really
cool.
（
1
）
What do the underlined words
A. Fix an air conditioner.
B. Take a hot bath.
C. Run a lot.
D. Put
on more clothes.
（
2
）
How
does electronic thermal clothing work?
A. The equipment placed
inside the clothing produces heat.
B. It needs to be warned up before
being used.
C. The
thermostat heat up automatically when the
temperature is low.
D. It
keeps warm for over 12 hours after being charged
fox an hour.
（
3
）
From the passage, we can lean
the following statements EXCEPT that ________.
A. Tado's model can be
controlled by saying something to it
B. with the in-built speaker and
microphone, Beanies and Earmuffs users can have a
phone call
C. technology can
do nothing to make winter less rough
D. Bluetooth technology is used in the
clothing for the head
（
4
）
What's the best
title of this passage?
A. A Smart Thermostat
B. A Modern winter
C. Ways
of keeping warm
D. An unpleasant winter
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，在科技并不发达的过去，人们可能会为如何在严寒
天气里更好地保暖而倍感困扰。现如
今，每到严冬时节，虽然温度骤降、天气恶劣，但随
着各类智能保暖产品的问世，冬天也
能变得舒适宜人。人们凭借科学技术发明了各式各样
的防寒方法。比如，用智能电子设备
调节屋内和衣物的温度；使用无线科技制造会自动发
热的服饰。
（
1
）考查
词义猜测。根据第一段中的
my
memory,
winters
always
used
to
be
really
unpleasant. You had to bundle up just
to keep warm when you went outside.
可知，
在我的记
忆中，冬天总是很不令人愉快。你外出时必须穿得暖和一点。所以通过
可知，
外出时要想暖和一些，就要多穿衣服。故
判断出第
1
段中带下划线的单词
up
是多
穿点衣服。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
At
the
touch
of
a
button,
or
through
an
app
on
our
phones, the clothing generates heat
from elements placed inside.
可知，只要按下按钮，或者
通过手机上
应用程序，安装在衣服内部的电子元件就会产生热量。所以电子保暖服装工
作的原理是安装在衣服内部的电子元件产生热量。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
m
ore.
Technology,
engine
ring
and
design
have
advanced
giving
us
new
solutions
to
old
problems
可知，幸运的是，事情不需要再这么有挑战性
了。先进的技术、引擎环和设计为
我们提供了解决老问题的新方法。所以
C
选项
科技无法让冬天变得不
那么难熬
不符合短
文说明的内容。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，在科
技并不发达的过去，人们可能会为如何在严寒
天气里更好地保暖而倍感困扰。现如今，每
到严冬时节，虽然温度骤降、天气恶劣，但随
着各类智能保暖产品的问世，冬天也能变得
舒适宜人。人们凭借科学技术发明了各式各样
的防寒方法。比如，用智能电子设备调节屋
内和衣物的温度；使用无线科技制造会自动发
热的服饰。所以短文的最佳标题为
让现代科技温暖你的冬日
。故
B
选项
让现代科技温暖
你的冬日
符合题意。故
选
B
。
<
/p>
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅<
/p>
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
犇犇
Ch
oose the one that fits best according to the
information given in the passage you have
just read.
The
Rapid Rise and Fall of Robot
Babysitters
During the
winter of 2017, an 18-year old college student
named Canon Reeves spent much of
his
time trailing a knee-high robot around
Fayetteville, Arkansas, as it delivered Amazon
packages
to students. The robot,
created by a start-up called Starship Technologies
in 2014, is basically a
cooler on
wheels; it uses radars, sensors, and nine cameras
to make deliveries. Reeves's job was
to
monitor how it handled various grounds, field
comments from the public, and press the off
switch if necessary. He said,
Broadly speaking, jobs
of caring for robots
fall under the
umbrella of
careers in
automation,
which include maintenance,
engineering and programming. The demand for people
with this skill
set is considerable,
with 20 million to 50 million new jobs to be
expected in this category by 2030,
according to the Mckinsey Global
Institute. In the year that ended in June 2018,
had
almost three times the number of
positions on the recruitment committee that ended
in June
2016.
Over the last year, a 34-year-old businessman
named David Rodriguez spent hundreds of hours
following a machine called the KiwiBot
around UC Berkeley's campus while it delivered Red
bull
and other drinks to students. To
retrieve (
检索
) orders, the
app encourages students to give the
robot
a
wave;
the
robot's
digital
eyes
will
roll
depending
on
its
mood.
Rodriguez,
who
heads
business
development
for
the
start-up,
was
tasked,
early
on,
with
monitoring
the
KiwiBot
for
problems
–
even
carrying
it,
should
the
motors
fail.
Since
April
2018,
though,
the
KiwiBot
has
largely been left unattended, and the
majority of human interactions involve technical
checks and
loading food into the robot.
To eliminate the boring work, the team is
developing a restaurant
robot to
collect and load orders
–
which could happen in 2020. However, Rodriguez
assured me
that his staff won't be out
of work. Everyone holds double roles in the
company. Greater robot
self-governing
just means employees will shift their focus to
accounting, engineering, and design.
Mckinsey estimates that millions of
jobs globally could be lost to automation by 2030.
number
of
jobs
will
be
produced
as
autonomous
vehicles
are
released
into
the
environment,
Ramsey
said.
In
2016,
Bosch
started
training
students
from
Schoolcraft
College,
a
community
college in
Michigan, in autonomous-vehicle repair; Toyota has
trained students in maintenance as
well.
Ramsey said.
automate
industries,
as
it
happens,
are
the
ones
that
require
looking
after
humans,
such
as
childcare, education and health care.
Robot babysitters might feel like they have scored
the job of
the future, but in fact,
they might be better positioned.
（
1
）
What kind
of robot is the one created by a start-up called
Starship Technologies?
A. A factory robot. B. A delivery
robot. C. A restaurant robot. D. A
construction robot.
（
2
）
What does
fall under the umbrella of
in Para. 2 mean?
A. are in the category of
B. are under the protection
of
C. are in relation of
D. are in the process of
（
3
）
Accord
ing to Ramsey, what will happen when autonomous
vehicles are put on the market?
A. Autonomous vehicles will
become much cheaper.
B. A
large number of people will be out of
work.
C. A lot of job
opportunities will be created.
D. Many people will turn to buying
autonomous cars.
（
4
）
What does the last
sentence in Para. 4 mean?
A. Robot carers will have a competitive
advantage in the future.
B.
Many new occupations like caring for robots come
and go fast.
C. We still
need someone to look after robots in the
future.
D. Robots will
create more and better jobs for people in the
future.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
< br>A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，随着机器人被越来越多的应用，照看机器人的工作
也随之发生了变化。本文以对相关信
息进行了介绍说明。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
robot,
created
by
a
start-up
called
Starship
Technologies in
2014, is basically a cooler on wheels; it uses
radars, sensors, and nine cameras to
make
deliveries.
可
知，这款机器人是
2014
年由一家名为
Starship
Technologies
的初创公司<
/p>
制造的，它基本上是一种车轮上的冷却器；它使用雷达、传感器和
9
台摄像头进行配送。
也就是说，
St
arship Technologies
公司创造的是一款配送物品的机器人。故选<
/p>
B
。
（
2
）
考
查
词
义
猜
测
。
根
据
第
二
段
中
的
include
maintenance,
engineering
and
programming
列举
了
照看机器人
的工作范畴，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据最后一段中的
huge
number
of
jobs
will
be
produced
as
autonomous
vehicles
are
released
into
the
environment
可知，随着自动化车辆被投放到市
场，将产生大量的就业机会。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查句义理解。该划线句子的字面意思是：机器人保姆可能会觉得自己已经获得了
未来的工作，但事实上，他们的位置可能会更好。根据字面意思，不难看出其隐藏的意思
为：机器人保姆占据很大的优势，他们可以在未来作更好的工作。故选
A
。
【点评】本
题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和句义猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑，推理，归纳，从而选出正确
答案。
5
．
阅读理解
Rich countries are
racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do
more to prepare for the
side-
effects.
For the past
3,000 years, when people thought of money they
thought of cash. Over the past
decade,
however, digital payments have taken
off
—
tapping your plastic on
a terminal or swiping
a smartphone has
become normal. Now this revolution is about to
turn cash into an endangered
species in
some rich economies. That will make the economy
more efficient
—
but it also
causes
new problems that could hold
back the
transition(
转型
).
Countries
are
removing
cash
at
varying
speeds.
In
Sweden
the
number
of
retail
cash
transaction
per
person
has
fallen
by
80%
in
the
past
ten
years.
America
is
perhaps
a
decade
behind.
Outside
the
rich
world,
cash
is
still
king.
But
even
there
its
leading
role
is
being
challenged. In China digital payments
rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in
2017.
Cash is dying out
because of two forces. One is
demand
—
younger consumers
want payment
systems
that
plug
easily
into
their
digital
lives.
But
equally
important
is
that
suppliers
such
as
banks
and
tech
firms
(in
developed
markets)
and
telecoms
companies
(in
emerging
ones)
are
developing fast, easy-to-use payment
technologies from which they can pull data and
pocket fees.
There is a high cost to
running the infrastructure behind the cash
economy
—
ATMs, vans carrying
notes, tellers who accept coins. Most
financial firms are keen to abandon it, or
discourage old-
fashioned customers with
heavy fees.
In the main,
the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent
news. Cash is inefficient. When
payments dematerialise, people and
shops are less open to theft. It also creates a
credit history,
helping consumers
borrow.
Yet
set
against
these
benefits
are
a
couple
of
worries.
Electronic
payment
systems
may
risk
technical failures, power failure and
cyber-attacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the
elderly
and
country
folk
may
be
left
behind.
And
a
digital
system
could
let
governments
watch
over
people's shopping
habits and private multinationals exploit their
personal data.
（
1
）
Some rich countries are
trying to .
A. dematerialize money
B. get rid of the side-effects of
cash
C. make the economy
more efficient by protecting endangered
species
D. promote payment
without paper money or coins
（
2
）
In
paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to
show .
A.
the differences between developed and developing
countries
B. that cash is
still king across the world
C. digital payments are becoming a
trend that cannot be stopped
D. China is developing faster that
those developed countries in digital
payment
（
3
）
Cash is disappearing largely
because .
A. younger consumers are short of money
to live their digital lives
B. suppliers are trying to reduce costs
and obtain money and data
C.
the infrastructure is developing at a high speed
in developed markets
D.
financial firms want to abandon old-fashioned
customers
（
4
）
The
author's attitude towards digitalized payment is
.
A. favorable
B. negative C. objective
D. indifferent
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，富裕国家正在减少现金支付
,
现金正在因为需求等原
因消失。总的来说
,
无现金经济的未来是个好消
息
,
但是对于电子支付人们也有一些担忧。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Rich
countries
are
racing
to
dematerialise
payments.”
可知
,
富裕国家正竞相将支付非物质化；再根据第三段中的
“In
Sweden
the
number
of
retail
cash
transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the
past ten years.”
在过去的十年中
,
瑞典的人
均零售现金交易数量下降了
80
％。结合上下文
,
可知某些富裕国家比如瑞典
正在减少现金支
付
,
推广不用纸币或硬
币的支付方式
,
也就是电子支付方式。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“In
Sweden
the
number
of
retail
cash
transaction
per
person has fallen by 80%
in the past ten years.”
可知在过去的十年中
,
瑞典的人均零售现金交易
数量下降了
80
％；再根据
“In China digital
payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to
34%
in
2017.”
可知在中国
,
数字支付从
2012
年占所有支付的
4
％上升到
2017
年的
34
％。瑞
典和中国的共同点是现金支付减少
,
电子支付比例上升
,
由此可推断作者提到瑞典和中国是
为
了说明数字支付正成为一种不可阻挡的趋势。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“But equally important is that
suppliers such as banks
and
tech
firms
(in
developed
markets)...
Most
financial
firms
are
keen
to
abandon
it,
or
discourage
old-
fashioned
customers
with
heavy
fees.”
可知现金消
失的一个重要原因就是诸如
银行和科技公司（在发达市场）和电信公司（在新兴市场）之
类的供应商正在开发快速
,
易
于使用的
支付技术
,
他们可以从中提取数据和小费。运行现金经济背后的
基础架构需要付出
高昂的成本
,
这些基
础设施包括自动取款机
,
载有纸币的货车
,
接受硬币的出纳员。大多数金
融公司都渴望放弃它
,
或者以高昂的费用劝阻老式客户。也就是供应商为了减少成本
,
获取数
据和小费
,<
/p>
开发了更便捷的支付方式
,
导致现金支付
的减少。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。纵观全文可知，
,
作者提到无现金支付即电子支付的
好处
,
也提到电子
支付引起的担忧
,
对待电子支付是客观的
,
故选
C
。