2010年专八真题改错原文

2010

年专八真题改错原文

So

far

as

we

can

tell,

all

human

languages

are

equally

complete

and

perfect

as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be

as

well

equipped

as

any

other

to

say

the

things

its

speakers

want

to

say.

It may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or

cultures,

but

that

is

another

matter.

Certainly,

not

all

groups

of

people

are

equally

competent

in

nuclear

physics

or

psychology

or

the

cultivation

of rice or the engraving of Benares brass. But this is not the fault of

their language. The Eskimos can speak about snow with a great deal more

precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because

the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled ’primitive’) is

inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not

bring

to

light

a

defect

in

English,

a

show

of

unexpected

’primitiveness’.

The

position

is

simply

and

obviously

that

the

Eskimos

and

the

English

live

in

different

environments.

The

English

language

would

be

just as

rich

in

terms for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in

which English was habitually used made such distinction important.

Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be

as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if

these topics formed part of the Eskimos’ life. For obvious historical

reasons, Englishmen in the nineteenth century could not talk about

motorcars with the minute discrimination which is possible today: cars

were not a part of their culture. But they had a host of terms for

horse- drawn vehicles which send us, puzzled, to a historical dictionary

when we are reading Scott or Dickens. How many of us could distinguish

between a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham, a coupe, a gig, a

diligence, a whisky, a calash, a tilbury, a carriole, a phaeton, and a

clarence ?

2010

年专八真题改错参考答案

1 be

后插入

as; 2 their

改为

its; 3 There

改为

It; 4 Whereas

改为

But 5

further

改为

much

6 come

改为

bring; 7 similar

改为

different; 8 will

改为

would; 9 as

important

去掉

as; 10 the part

去掉

the

2009

年专八真题改错原文

The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes

from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_____

between shcool lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learnt

in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener (2)_____

has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3)_____

The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting

It may be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground (4)_____

lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on whtin the very hour (5)_____

it is learnt; and in the general, it passes between children of the (6)_____

same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age

between playmates to be more than five years. If therefore, a playground

rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7)_____

even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting over

and over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three (8)_____

hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9)_____

after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____

original wording.

09

年英语专八改错参考答案

(1)illustrated

，承接

has shown and illustrated

；

(2) the little listener

改为

a little listener

，因为是不确指；

(3)their

改为

his

以于上文 匹配；

(4)something

改为

somewhere

，前者少指时间之长短；

(5)therefore

显然应为

however

；

(6) in the general

去掉

the

；

(7) currently

改为

current

；

(8) it has passed along

改为

it has been passed

；

(9) live

改为

alive

；

(10) to let alone

去掉

to

改为

let alone

。

07

年英语专业八级考试改错参考答案

From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can

make very positive statements about how language originated.

There is no material in any language today and in the earliest

(1) and→or

records of ancient languages show us language in a new and

(2) show→showing

emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language

(3) the

originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the

(4) and→but

necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote

tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of

a language with a large proportion of such cries

(5) large→lager

than we find in English. It is true that the absence

of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in

(6) in→on

other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.

People of all races and languages make rather similar

noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that

(

7) return→response

such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmen

and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,

serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference

（

8

）

on

between these noises and language proper. We may

say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement

are largely reflex actions, instinctive to

∧

large extent,

(9)

∧

a

whereas language proper does not consist of signs

but of these that have to be learnt and that are

(10) these→those

2006

英语专八真题改错部分与答案

We use language primarily as a means of communication with

other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we

live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as

(1)

to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular (2)

message: the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a (3)

set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his (4)

thoughts and feelings, ill a variety of styles, to the other English (5)

speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-

[y and that which he recognises, increases ill size as he grows

old as a result of education and experience.

(6)

But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system

remains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unless

he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another (7)

member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system a

concrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two m

ost (8)

common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our

vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are (9)

among most striking of human achievements.

(10)

1. agreeing-agreed

2. in which

可有可无

3. in his disposal- at his disposal

s-enable

other English speakers-other English speakers

-older

-understood

it for granted- take for granted

-and

10. the most striking of human achievements

2005

英语专八真题改错部分及解析

The University as Business

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep

tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,

very low, rate of inflation.

They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments

heavily investing in common

1

stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price

that maximizes

its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the

2

outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of

3

business firms. The rise in tuitions mayreflect the fact economic uncertainty

4 increases

the demand for education. The biggest cost of being

in the school is foregoing income from

a job (this isprimarily a factor in

5 graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor

one s job prospects,

6 the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to

education,

in order to make oneself more marketable.

The ways which universities make

themselves attractive to students

7

include soft majors, student evaluations of

teachers, giving students

a governance role, and eliminate required

courses.

8 Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to

regard their students as

customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten

the

9 rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of

the

athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best

athletes

now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier

from professional

teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,

the Ivy League schools

colluded to limit competition for the best students, by

agreeing not to award scholarships on

the basis of merit rather than purely

of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give

discounts on their best

10 customer.

答案解析：

1. investin g

应改为

invested

。这里说< /p>

“

投资于

”

普通 股中的捐赠金价值损失惨重，

既然是投资，

就是指人