英语专业八级改错真题(2005-2012)完整含答案版本

专八改错

2012

真题

The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been

going

century

sense

the

since

B.C.

not

manner.

the

Up

word;

is

the

barriers

the

product

This

of

to

the

the

at

the

least

beginning

rather

of

the

the

the

form;

slogan

first

19th

the

of

century,

matter

writers

not

who

(1)

many

(3)

(4)

______

writers

_______

_______

that

_______

_______

_______

Nobokov.

the

Too

with

discussed.

identified

favoured certain k

ind of ―free‖ translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______

message

often

study

were

culture,

view

Walter

theoretical:

the

and

type

This

revolutionary

of

insuperable

the

wanted

the

truth

to

be

read

and

understood.

Then

in

the

turn

of

19th

(5)

_______

century,

the

was

literal

extreme

The

nature

often,

2011

真题

of

when

cultural

and

view

that

translation

the

anthropology

the

was

language

impossible

of

the

was

implicitly

not

the

suggested

(6)

(7)

(9)

linguistic

entirely

as

gained

some

currency,

and

with

it

that,

if

was

attempted

at

all,

it

must

be

as

(8)

_______

possible.

―literalists‖

argument

the

writer,

was

readership,

translator

culminated

the

of

reader

statement

and

of

text,

Benjamin

purpose

the

were

Vladimir

translation,

each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____

2010

年真题

So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect

as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well

1

equipped as any other to say the things their speakers want to say.

2

There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or

3

cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are

equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or

the engraving of Benares brass. Whereas this is not the fault of their language.

4

The Eskimos can speak about snow with a great deal further precision and

5

subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language

(one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and

subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect in English,

6

a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviously

that the Eskimos and the English live in similar environments. The English

7

language will be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow,

8

presumably, if the environments in which English was habitually used made

such distinction as important.

9

Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be

as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these

topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. For obvious historical reasons,

10

Englishmen in the nineteenth century could not talk about motorcars with the

minute discrimination which is possible today: cars were not a part of their

culture. But they had a host of terms for horse-drawn vehicles which send us,

puzzled, to a historical dictionary when we are reading Scott or Dickens. How

many of us could distinguish between a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham,

a coupe, a gig, a diligence, a whisky, a calash, a tilbury, a carriole, a phaeton,

and a clarence ?

2009

年真题

The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes

from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_____

between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse, learnt

in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the little listener (2)__

has grown up, and has children of their own, or even grandchildren. (3)_____

The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting

It may be something from twenty to seventy years. With the playground (4)_____

lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed on whtin the very hour (5)_____

it is learnt; and in the general, it passes between children of the (6)_____

same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age

between playmates to be more than five years. If therefore, a playground

rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or (7)_____

even just for fifty, it follows that it has been retransmitting over

and over; very possibly it has passed along a chain of two or three (8)_____

hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live (9)____

after so much handling, to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____

original wording.

2008

年真题

The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a

very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent

(1)__________

part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate

(2)__________