-
从高考题看
with
复合结构
< br>
请看下面几道高考题：
1. With no one to
__________ in such a frightening
situation
，
she
felt very helpless
．
(2006
年陕西卷
)
A
．
turn to B
．
turn on C
．
turn off D
．
turn over
2. I
couldn’t do my homework
with all that noise
________
．
(2005
年北京卷
)
A
．
going on B
．
goes on C
．
went on D
．
to go on
3._________and no way to reduce her
pain and suffering from the terrible
disease
，
the
patient sought her doctor’s
help to end
her life
．
(2005
年江西卷
)
A
．
Having given up hope of cure
B
．
With no hope
for cure
C
．
There being hope for cure
D
．
In the hope of
cure
解析：答案分别为<
/p>
A
、
A
、
B
。
这三道题考查了
“with / without +
宾语
+
宾
语补足语
”
结构。这一结构被称为
wi
th
复合结构。
with
复合结构是高中阶段
英语
语法的一个难点。这个结构表示状态或说明背景情况。正确使用此
结构，
不但
可以使句子简洁、明了，
还可以
增强语言表现力
。下面就这个结构的构
成及用法作一小结。
一、
with
复合结构的构成
1
．
with +
宾语
+
现在分词
doing
表示主动或正在进行的动作
With so many
people communicating in English every
day
，
it will
become more and more important to have a good
knowledge of
English
．
有这么多人每天用英语交流，
精通英语将会变得越来越重要。
The day was
fine
，
with a
flesh breeze blowing
．
天气晴朗，
和风吹拂。
2
．
with +
宾语
+
过去分词
done
表示被动或完成了的动作
It was a pity
that the great writer died with his works unfinish
ed
．
遗憾的是那位大作家去世了，
留
下未完成的作品。
With the problem
settled
，
we felt
relieved
．
问题解决了，
我们感到很轻松。
3
．
with +
宾语
+
形容词
在句中常作状语
The students raised their
heads with eyes full of
curiosity
．学生们抬起头，
眼里充满了好奇。
With the weather so close
and stuffy
，
ten
to one it will rain
．
天气这么闷热，
十有八九会下雨。
4
．
with +
宾语
+
副词
在句中常作状语
The naughty boy stood
before the teacher with his head
down
．
那个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前。
Flames lighted
up many parts of Vesuvius
；
their light scared people but my uncle
told them that flames came from the
homes of farmers who had left in a
panic with the kitchen fires still
on
．火焰照亮了维苏威的许多地方；
它们的亮光使
人们恐惧不已。但我叔叔告诉他们说这火焰是从农夫的房子冒出来的，<
/p>
这些人在恐惧中离开，
厨房的火都没熄。
5
．
with +
宾语
+
介词短语
在句中常作定语或状语
The Nanshan was on her way
from the south to Fuzhou
，
with Chinese workers on
board
，
returning
to their home
villages in the province
of Fujian
．
南山号行驶在从南方开往福州的路上，<
/p>
船上载有准备返回福建农村的中国工人们。
We human beings
could not survive without all the plants and
animals around us
．
没有周围的动物和植物，
我们人
类就无法生存。
6
．
with +
宾语
+ to do
to
do
表示将要发生的动作
The
hurricane
，
with
its power to sink ships and to destroy strong
walls
，
had found
this little ship in its
path
．
飓风
威力无比，
它能使船只沉没、毁坏坚固的墙，
它一路风驰电掣来到小船前。
With so many dishes to
wash
，
I can not
go with you
．有这么多盘子要洗，
我不能跟你一起去。
7
．
with +
宾语
+
名词
在句中作定语或状语
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