2016年6月英语四级真题附详细答案

2016

年

6

月英语四 级真题

第三套（文字版整理）

Part I Writing

（

30 minutes

）

Directions:

For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to

express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were

in

should

write

at

least

120

words

but

no

more

than

180

words.

Part III Reading Comprehension

（

40 minutes

）

Section A

Signs

barring

cell-phone use

are a

familiar

sight

to

anyone

who

has

ever sat

in

a

hospital

waiting

room.

But

the_____(26)popularity

of

electronic

medical

records has forced hospital-based doctors to become_____(27)on computers

throughout

the

day,

and

desktops-which

keep

doctors

from

besides-are_____(28)giving way to wireless devices.

As clerical loads increased,

always

face

time

with

patients,

says

Patel,

a

former

chief

resident

in the University of Chicago's internal-medicine program. In fall 2010, she

helped_____(30)a pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve

working

conditions

and

patient

care.

The

experiment

was so_____(31)that

all

internal-medicine

program

adopted

the

same_____(32)in

2011.

Medical

schools

at

Yale

and

Stanford

now

have

paperless,

iPad-based

curriculums.

want

an iPad just so you can wear this

coats_____(33)with large pockets to accommodate tablet computers.

A study of the University of Chicago iPad project found that patients

got

tests

and_____(34)

faster

if

they

were

cared

for

by

iPad-equipped

patients

also_____(35)

a

better

understanding

of

the

illnesses that landed them in the hospital in the first place.

ent

ed

g

ct

le

sful

ents

Section B

Ancient Greek Wisdom Inspires Guidelines to Good Life

[A] Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly

challenged

by

threats

and

uncertainties

from

wars,

terrorism,

economic

crises

and

a

widespread

outbreak

of

infectious

diseases?

The

answer

is

yes,

according

to

a

new

book

The

10

Golden

Rules:

Ancient

Wisdom

from

the

Greek

Philosophers

on Living a Good Life. The book is co- authored by Long Island University's

philosophy

professor

Michael

Soupios

and

economics

professor

Panos

Mourdoukoutas.

[B] The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios.

The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first

written many centuries ago.

失效

)date on wisdom,

he says

become very gloomy these day, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a

lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry(

诡辩

). The nice thing

about

ancient

philosophy as

offered

by

the

Greeks

is

that they tended

to see

life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.

Examine your life

[C] Soupies, along with his co-author Panos Mourdoukoutas, developed their

10 golden rules by turning to the men behind that philosophy-Aristotle,

Socrates,

Epictetus

and

Pythagoras,

among

others.

The

first

rule-examine

your

life-is the common thread that runs through the entire book. Soupios says

that

it

is

based

on

Plato's

observation

that

the

unexamined

life

is

not

worth

living.

Greek

are

always

concerned

about

boxing

themselves

in,

in

terms

of

convicti ons(

信念

),

he

says.

take

a

step

back,

switch

off

the

automatic

pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities, our

values, and our relationships.

Stop worrying about what you can not control

[D]

As

we

begin

to

examine

our

life,

Soupios

says,

we

come

to

Rule

No.2:

Worry

only about things that you can control.

idea was a Stoic philosopher His name is Epictetus,

Stoics say in general is simply this. There is a larger plan in life. You

are not really going to be able to understand all of the dimerisions of this

plan. You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.

[E]So,

Soupios

explains,

it

is

not

worth

it

to

waste

our

physical,

intellectual and spiritual energy worrying about things that are beyond our

control.

can

not

control

whether

or

not

I

wind

up

getting

the

disease

swine

flu, for example.

take,

but

ultimately

I

can

not

guarantee

myself

that.

So

what

Epictetus

would

say is sitting at home worrying about that would be wrong and wasterful and

irrational.

You

should

live

your

life

attempting

to

identify

and

control

those

things which you can genuinely control.

Seek true pleasure

[F]To

have

a

meaningful,

happy

life

we

need

friends.

But

according

to

Aristotle-a

student

of

Plato

and

teacher

of

Alexander

the

Great-most

relationships don't qualify as true friendships.

business

relationship

with

an

individual

and

I

can

profit

from

that

relationship, it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend.

Soupios says.

It

is

a

beautiful

and

uncharacteristically

poctic

image

that

Aristotle

offers.

[G]In

our

pursuit

of

the

good

life,

he

says,

it

is

important

to

seek

out

true

pleasures-advice which was originally offered by Epicurus. But unlike the

modern definition of Epicureanism as a life of indulgence(

放纵

)and luxury,

for the ancient Greeks, it meant finding a state of calm, peace and mental

case.

[H]

for the ancient Epicureans.

much well worth considering here in the modern era. I do not think that we

spend

nearly

enough

time

trying

to

concentrate

on

achieving

a

sort

of

calmness,

a

sort

of

contentment

in

mental

and

spiritual,

which

was

identified

by

these

people as the gighest form of happiness and pleasure.

Do good to others

[I]Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves, to avoid excess and

not

to

be

a

prosperous(

发

迹

的

)fool.

There

are

also

rules

dealing

with

interpersonal

relationships.

Be

a

responsible

human

being

and

do

not

do

evil

things to others.

[J]

is

Hesiod,

of

course,

a

younger

contemporary

poet,

we

believe,

with

Homer,

some of the word's great religions, in the Judeo-Christian tradition and in

Islam an others-that in some sense, when you hurt another human being, you

hurt

yourself.

That

damaging

other

people

in

your

community

and

in

your

life,

trashing

relationships,

results

in

a

kind

of

self-inflicted(

自

己

招

致

的

)spiritual wound.

[K]Instead,

Soupios

says,ancient

wisdom

urges

us

to

do

good.

Golden

Rule

No.10

for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.

[L]

寓言家

), the man of these charming little

tales, often told in terms of animals and animal relationships.

think

what

Aesop

was

suggesting

is

that

when

you

offer

a

good

turn

to

another

human being. One can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay

a

profit

to

you,

the

doer

of

the

good

deed.

Even

if

there

is

no

concrete

benefit

paid in response to you good deed. At the very least, the doer of the good

deed

has

the

opportunity

to

enjoy

a

kind

of

spiritually

enlightened

moment.

[M]Soupios

say

following

the

10

Golden

Rules

based

on

ancient

wisdom

can

guide

us to the path of the good life where we stop living as onlookers and become

engaged

and

happier

human

beings.

And

that,

he

notes,

is

a

life

worth

living.

ing to an ancient Greek philosopher, it is impossible for us to

understand every aspect of our life.

t Philosophers saw life in a different light from people of today.

all your business partners are your soul mates.

can live a peaceful life despite the various challenges of the modern

world.

doer of a

good deed can

feel

spiritually

rewarded even when

they gain

no concrete benefits.

to

achieve

meatal

calmness

and

contentment

is

well

worth

our

consideration today.

l Soupios suggests that we should stop and think carefully about

our priorities in life.

t philosophers strongly advise that we do good.

wise

teachings

of

ancient

Greek

thinkers

are

timeless,

and

are

applicable to contemporary life.

harm to others and you do harm to yourself.

Section C

Passage One

Attitudes toward new technologies often along generational lines. That

is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front

end of a technological shift.

It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward

driverless cars, there doesn't seem to be a clear generational divide. The

public overall is split on whether they'd like to use a driverless car. In

a study last year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to

ride in one, while 50 percent did not.

The face that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady

across

generations

suggests how transformative the shift

to

driverless

cars

could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car now-and no one can get one

yet-but

among

those

who

are

open

to

them,

every

age

group

is

similarly

engaged.

Actually,

this

isn't

surprising.

Whereas

older

generations

are

sometime

reluctant to adopt new technologies, driverless cars promise real value to

these age groups in particular. Older adults, especially those with limited

mobility

or

difficulty

driving

on

their

own,

are

one

of

the

classic

useeases

for driverless cars.

This

is

especially

interesting

when

you

consider

that

younger

people

are

generally more interested in travel- related technologies than older ones.

When

it

comes to driverless cars, differences

in attitude are

more

pronounced

based

on

factors

not

related

to

age.

College

graduates,

for

example,

are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with

those who

have less education, 59 percent of college graduates said they would like