-
2010
年上海世博会，机遇和挑战并存
The Expo in Shanghai, Opportunities and
Challenges
世界博览会
是全球最高级别的博览会，是世界各国展示其社会、经济、
文化、
科技成就
和发展前景的盛会，被誉为
“
经济、科技、文化领域的奥林匹克
”
。
2010
年世博会将在上海
举行，
这
次世博会将成为强盛的中国向世界展示经济和技术实力的历史性契机。
这将对上海
及周边地区的经济、
社会、
环境和制度等方面
产生广泛而深远的影响。
一个国家举办世博会
其目的从来就不是
仅仅为了世博会本身的盈利，世博会本身被赋予了更大的经济内涵。从
1993
年韩国大田世博会和
2000
年德国汉诺威世博
会的经验来看，
世博会往往具有提振经济、
带动股市繁荣的作用
。
世博会对于新技术开发、
应用和推广起到重要的示范和引领作
用，
对
促进举办城市和国家的经济发展具有深远意义。
具体来说，
世博会本身构成会展经济，
并由
此带动一系列产业链的发展。
从前期的基础设施投资，
到会展期间将引导巨大的物流、
人流、
资金流进入上
海，为经济增长和服务业发展带来强大推动力量。
World
Exposition is regards as the world's highest level
of exposition, on which the
countries
exhibit their social, economic, cultural,
scientific and technological
achievements. It is also known as
cultural fields
opportunity
for a powerful China by showing the world economic
and technological
strengths. This will
bring forth profound influence on economic,
social,
environmental and institutional
aspects in Shanghai and surrounding areas. A host
country never aims to the profitability
of the Expo itself, but to the great economic
content the Expo has been given.
Experiences of the Expo 1993 in Daejeon and Expo
2000 in Hanover showed that the World
Exposition could boost the economy and
stimulate the stock market. World
Exposition plays an important and leading role in
development, application and promotion
of new technology .what
’
s
more, it also has
far-reaching
significance in promoting economic development of
the host city and its
country.
Specifically, the Expo itself belongs to
exhibition economy and thus
promotes
the development of a series of industrial chain.
During the exposition, It will
bring
powerful driving force for economic growth and
development of service
industry by
investing in infrastructure, drawing a huge amount
of materials, people
and capital flow
into Shanghai.
经济增量效应。
2010
年以
“
城市让生活更美好
”
为主题的上海世博会，是第一次以城市为主题的世博会，
将给
上海带来巨大商机和财富，世博会约需
30
亿美元投资，旅游业
直接收入将达
911
亿元
人民币，
由此带动的上海交通、
通信等城市基础设施、
商业设施、
旧区改造等延伸领域投资，
将是直接投资的
5
至
10
倍。据保守
估计。单是世博会门票、餐饮、旅游纪念品给上海带来
的直接收人，就将超过
90
亿元人民币，经济效益将比
2002
年的韩日世界杯高出
1
5
倍。
Effect of
incremental economy
With
enormous opportunities as well as
wealth for Shanghai. And it is also the first Expo
focused on
“
city
”
. The total
investment will be about 3 billion U.S dollars,
and direct
revenue of tourism will
achieve 91.1 billion Yuan. That will drive an
indirect
investment which amounts 5 to
10 times to the direct investment. The indirect
investment may be occurred in the
fields of urban infrastructure such as
transportation,
communication,
commercial facilities, urban transformation and
other extension of
the fields. At a
conservative estimate, the direct income of
tickets, catering, travel
souvenirs of
Expo may reach more than nine billion Yuan while
the economic returns
may be 15 times
higher than the Korea-Japan World Cup in
2002.
提升效应。
自英国伦敦在
1851
年举办首届世博会以来，国际大都市一直都热衷于举办各种博览会
乃至世博会。美国纽约举办过
6
次世博
会，法国巴黎举办过
6
次，
日本举办过
4
次，德国汉
诺威就是因会展而闻名的
城市，
每年举办大约
60
个博览会。<
/p>
无疑，
上海举办
2010
年世博会，
可以极大地提高国际化城市地位，
有助于增
进国际问、
地区间的交流合作，
提高市民的科学
文化素质，丰富市民生活，提升上海的城市知名度和整体形象。
Effect of enhancement
Since the first London Expo in 1851,
the international metropolis has always
been keen to host all kinds of
expositions and even the World Expo. The World
Expos
were held six times in New York,
six times in Paris, and four times in Japan.
Hanover
is renowned for exhibitions, as
it runs about 60 expositions each year. There is
no
doubt that the World Expo 2010 can
greatly enhance the status of Shanghai, help to
strengthen international and regional
cooperation, improve the citizen's scientific and
cultural qualities, enrich people's
lives and enhance Shanghai's popularity and
overall
image.
带动效应。
2010
年上海世博会可推动上海实现社会可持续发展的规划和建设，进一步改善城市生
态系统，加快基础设施的建设，还可将经济发展重心转向文化、教育、媒体等精神产品，
推
动上海早日进入以人为本的发展阶段，
大大促进当地产业结构的调整，
实现产业升级，
促进
第三产业和高新技术产业的发展。此外，
2010
年上海世博会需要高水平的融资、商业、旅
游、
管理以及法
律等专业服务，
将带来上海整个城市及周边城市功能的全方位飞跃，
从而使
全世界都能深刻地感受到上海更加强劲的脉动。
the World Expo in Shanghai can promote
the planning and construction of sustainable
development
with
further
improving
the
urban
ecosystem
and
speeding
up
construction
of
infrastructure
facilities.
It
also
will
push
Shanghai
forward
the
developmental stage of taking people as
the foremost by concentrating on the spiritual
products of culture and education. The
Shanghai Expo can contribute significantly to
the adjustment of local industrial
structure
which promoting
the developments of the
tertiary
industries and
new and high technology
industries.
Furthermore, because of
the Shanghai Expo, the first-class
service of finance, commerce, tourism, management
will be strongly needed. This could
make a leap of the functions of the entire city
and
surrounding cities. Thus all over
the world will feel the great change of Shanghai.
就业增量效应。
< br>以会展业发达的德国汉诺威为例，
在汉诺威市第三产业中，
世博会及相关会展业就业人
数占到
2
／
3
以上。
上海世博会每
1000
平方米的展厅面积，
可创造
100
个就业机会，
无疑为
上
海提供了良好的运行机制。
中国加入世贸组织步伐的加快，
将使
上海的国际贸易、
海外投
资更上一层楼，作为促进贸易、启动市
场的杠杆，
2010
年上海世博会的举办必定会获得更
广阔的就业发展空间。
Take
Hannover, Germany for example, many people there
work for the tertiary
industry.
However,
more
than
2/3
of
these
jobs
have
relations
with
the
Expo
and
exhibition industry. During the
Shanghai Expo, every 1000 square meters of halls
can
create
100
jobs,
which
will
provide
good
mechanisms
for
Shanghai.
It
will
also
stimulate the
international trade and foreign investment in
Shanghai. After all, holding
Shanghai
Expo in 2010 will gain numerous room for the
growth of employment.
消费增量效应。
香港每年的会展人均
消费额
24826
港元，
为度假消费的
3
倍；
新加坡一般游客只逗留
3
．
7
天，消费
710
新元，会议客人则逗留
7
．
7
天，消费达
1700<
/p>
新元。在
20lO
年世博会场馆内
外游客将需要大量的各种消费品和食品，
世博会及相关产品的消费成为
上海旅游业的拳头产
品之一。
Per
capita consumption of exhibition industry in Hong
Kong is 24826 HK dollars
every
year,
which
is
3
times
as
much
as
holiday
spending.
General
tourists
stay
in
Singapore for about 3.7 days while
conferencs guests for 7.7 days. The former spend
710
Singapore
dollars
and
the
latter
spend
1700
Singapore
dollars.
In
2010,
the
foreign
guests
will
need
a
variety
of
consumption
goods
in
the
Expo
venues.
Therefore,
the
consumption
of
Expo
and
related
products
will
become
the
core
products of tourism in
Shanghai.
扩张效应。
上
海约
30
亿美元投资将直接投入世博会园区建设中，江浙沪因上
海
“
世博圈
”
效应将共
同受益，
并带动上长三角地区的十几个城市如：
杭州、
苏州、
无锡、
常州等电子业、
制造业、
房产业等行业的迅速发展。上海将采取
“
分散接待
”
方式接待游客，与上海为邻的苏、锡、常
等城市，将借
“
大上海旅游
”
的宏观主题，凭借交通优势接受
上海辐射，长三角地区物流、商
贸等领域的合作也将加强，世博会提供了共赢的机会。<
/p>
During these years, Shanghai
spent about 3 billion US dollars on the
construction
of Expo parks. Hence, the
surrounding areas like Jiangsu, Zhejiang will
benefit from
the
“
Expo
circle
effect
”
.
What
’
s
more,
this
will
lead
to
quick
development
of
electronics,
manufacturing,
and
real
estate
industries
in
the
cities
of
Yangtze
River
delta
region.
For
example,
cities
like
Hangzhou,
Suzhou,
Wuxi
and
Changzhou.
Because
of
the
transportation
advantage,
these
cities
will
also
receive
guests
who
want
to visit shanghai. In conclusion, the cooperation
between cities of Yangtze River
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