美国中英文简介

美国中英文简介

美 利坚合众国是一个宪法联邦共和国，主要位于北美。它拥有

50

个州和一个联

邦区

,

它同样可以称作< /p>

the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., the U.S. of A.,

America, the States, or (poetically) Columbia

。

自从

20

世 纪中叶，即二战结束后开始，美国已主宰全球经济、政治、军事、科

学、

科技及文化领域。

尤其在冷战过后，

正因它的诸多影响 ，

美国被公认为超级

强国。

在

1776

年

7

月

4

日， 当代表

13

个英国殖民地的第二届全国会议采纳了独立宣

言之时，标志着英国的统治宣告结束，而自主统治即将崛起。

1789

年见证了美国政府结构的转 变，以美国宪法替代了联邦契约。这一天，

50

个州采用了这份 宪法，

并普遍认为这一天是各个州联合在一起，

成为了美利坚合

众国中的一份子。

The United States of America is a constitutional federal republic, situated

primarily in North America. It comprises 50 states and one federal district, and

has several territories with differing degrees of affiliation. It is also referred to,

with varying formality, as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., the U.S. of A.,

America, the States, or (poetically) Columbia.

Since the mid-20th century, following World War II, the United States has

emerged as a dominant global influence in economic, political, military,

scientific, technological, and cultural affairs. Because of its influence, the U.S.

is considered a superpower and, particularly after the Cold War, a hyperpower

by some.

The country celebrates its founding date as July 4, 1776, when the Second

Continental Congress

—

representing thirteen British colonies

—

adopted the

Declaration of Independence that rejected British authority in favor of

self-determination.

The structure of the government was profoundly changed in 1789, when the

states replaced the Articles of Confederation with the United States

Constitution. The date on which each of the fifty states adopted the

Constitution is typically regarded as the date that state

become part of the United States.

General Information on the USA

The United States consists of 50 states and Washington D.C. The last two States to join the Union were Alaska

(49th) and Hawaii (50th). Both joined in 1959.

Washington DC is a federal district under the authority of the U.S. Congress. Washington DC is represented in

Congress by an elected, non-voting Delegate to the House of Representatives. Residents have been able to vote in

presidential elections since 1961.

Puerto Rico is a commonwealth associated with the United States. Puerto Ricans are U.S. citizens. Puerto Ricans

do

not

vote

in

U.S.

Presidential

elections,

but

they

do

elect

a

non- voting

commissioner

to

the

U.S.

House

of

Representatives.

U.S.

V

irgin

Islands

-

St.

John,

St.

Croix,

and

St.

Thomas

is

an

unincorporated

territory

of

the

United

States.

Administered

by

the Office

of

Insular

Affairs,

U.S.

Department

of

the

Interior.

Indigenous

inhabitants

are

U.S.

citizens, but do not vote in U.S. Presidential elections.

Northern Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the United States. Self-governing with locally

elected governor and legislature.

American

Samoa is a unincorporated territory of the United States. Administered by the Office of Insular Affairs,

U.S. Department of the Interior.

Guam

is

a

unincorporated

territory

of

the

United

States.

Administered

by

the

Office

of

Insular

Affairs,

U.S.

Department of the Interior. Inhabitants are U.S. citizens, but do not vote in U.S. Presidential elections.

Other

Dependent

Areas

of

the United

States:

Baker

Island

-

Howland

Island

-

Jarvis

Island

-

Johnston Atoll

-

Kingman Reef - Midway Islands - Navassa Island - Palmyra Atoll - Wake Island

Geography

Americans often speak of their country as one of several large regions. These regions are cultural units rather than

governmental units - formed by history and geography and shaped by the economics, literature and folkways that

all the parts of a region share.

What makes one region different from another? Within several regions, language is used differently and there are

strong

dialects.

There

are

also

differences

in

outlook

and

attitude

based

on

geography.

A

region's

multicultural

heritage as well as distinct demographic characteristics like

age

and occupation also

make regions different and

special.

The United States is a varied land - of forests, deserts, mountains, high flat lands and fertile plains. The country

lies mostly in the temperate zone but there is a very wide range of climate variations. The continental United States

stretches 4,500 kilometers from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west. It borders Canada

on

the

north

and

reaches

south to Mexico

and

the

Gulf

of Mexico.

The

United

States

covers

a

total

area

of

9

million square kilometers (including Alaska and Hawaii). Alaska is the largest in area of the 50 states, and Texas is