新GRE阅读理解36套Exercise4解析

Exercise 4

It is a popular misconception that nuclear fusion

核聚变

power is free of radioactivity

放射性

;

in fact, the deuterium- tritium

氘和氚

reaction that nuclear scientists are currently exploring

with such zeal produces both alpha particles and neutrons. (The neutrons are used to produce

tritium from a lithium blanket surrounding the reactor.) < /p>

D

和

T

都会发出 射线，阿尔法粒子和

中子，

中子来自于锂变成的

T

Another common misconception is that nuclear fusion power is a

virtually unlimited source of energy because of the enormous quantity of deuterium in the sea.

Actually,

its

limits

are

set

by

the

amount

of

available

lithium,

which

is

about

as

plentiful

as

uranium

铀

in

the

Earth‘s

crust.

Research

should

certainly

continue

on

controlled

nuclear

fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proven practical.

(122 words)

1. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following about the

current state of public awareness concerning nuclear fusion power?

(A)

The

public

has

been

deliberately

misinformed

about

the

advantages

and

disadvantages

of

nuclear fusion power.

(B) The public is unaware of the principal advantage of nuclear fusion over nuclear fission as an

energy source.

(C) The public‘s awareness of the scientific

facts concerning nuclear fusion power is somewhat

distorted and incomplete.

(D) The public is not interested in increasing its awareness of the advantages and disadvantages

of nuclear fusion power.

(E) The public is aware of the disadvantages of nuclear fusion power but not of its advantages.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

2.

The

passage

provides

information

that

would

answer

which

of

the

following

questions

EXCEPT?

□

A How much incidental radiation is produced in the deuterium tritium fusion reaction?

【

how

muc h

，没说具体的量，自己为啥没选呢？可能看着看着就忘记是

E XCEPT

了】

□

B What is likely to be the principal source of deuterium for nuclear fusion power?

□

C Why are scientists exploring the deuterium-tritium fusion reaction with such zeal?

Roger Rosenblatt‘s book Black Fiction, in attempting to apply literary rather than sociopolitical

criteria to its subject, successfully alters the approach taken by most previous studies.

【

rather

than

表明是用

literary

，

successfully

表明作者支持】

As

Rosenblatt

notes,

criticism

of

Black

writing

has

often

served

as

a

pretext

借口

for

expounding

阐述

on

Black

history.

Addison

Gayle‘s recent work, for example, judges the value of Black fiction by

overtly

明显地，公开地

political

standards,

rating

each

work

according

to

the

notions

of

Black

identity

which

it

propounds

提出，建议

.

Although

fiction

assuredly

springs

from

political

circumstances,

its

authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological, and talking about novels

and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.

Rosenblatt‘s literary

analysis discloses affinities and connections among works of Black fiction

which solely political studies have overlooked or ignored. Writing acceptable criticism of Black

fiction, however, presupposes

假定以。

。

。为条件

giving satisfactory answers to a number of

questions. First of all, is there a sufficient reason, other than the racial identity of the authors,

to group together works by Black authors? Second, how does Black fiction make itself distinct

from

other

modern

fiction

with

which

it

is

largely

contemporaneous

?

Rosenblatt

shows

that

Black

fiction

constitutes

a

distinct

body

of

writing

that

has

an

identifiable, coherent literary tradition. Looking at novels written by Blacks over the last eighty

years, he discovers recurring

循环的

concerns and designs independent of chronology. These

structures are thematic

主题的

, and they spring, not surprisingly, from the central fact that the

Black characters in these novels exist in a predominantly White culture, whether they try to

conform to that culture or rebel against it.

Black Fiction does leave some aesthetic questions open.

Rosenblatt‘s thematic analysis permits

considerable objectivity; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit

of

the

various

works

—

yet

his

reluctance

seems

misplaced,

especially

since

an

attempt

to

appraise

评价，鉴定

might

have

led

to

interesting

results.

For

instance,

some

of

the

novels

appear to be structurally diffuse

弥漫的

. Is this a defect, or are the authors working out of, or

trying to forge, a different kind of aesthetic? In addition, the style of some Black novels, like

Jean Toomer‘s Cane,

verges on

趋近，接近

expressionism or surrealism; does this technique

provide

a

counterpoint

to

the

prevalent

theme

that

portrays

the

fate

against

which

Black

heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?

In spite of such omissions

疏忽【提示上文描写了这个

cr itism

的缺点】

, what Rosenblatt does

include

in

his

discussion

makes

for

an

astute

机敏的

and

worthwhile

study.

Black

Fiction

surveys a wide variety of novels, bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and

little-

known works like James Weldon Johnson‘s Autobiography of an Ex

-Colored Man. Its 55

argument

is

tightly

constructed,

and

its

forthright,

lucid

style

exemplifies

levelheaded

and

penetrating criticism.

D A E B C D E

3.

The

author

of

the

passage

objects

to

反对

criticism

of

Black

fiction

like

that

by

Addison

Gayle because it

(A) emphasizes purely literary aspects of such fiction

(B) misinterprets the ideological content of such fiction

(C) misunderstands the notions of Black identity contained in such fiction

(D)

substitutes

political

for

literary

criteria

in evaluating

such

fiction

【

Addison

Gayle‘s

recent

work,

for

example,

judges

the

value

of

Black

fiction

by

overtly

明显地，公开地

political

standards

】

(E) ignores the interplay between Black history and Black identity displayed in such fiction

4. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with

(A) evaluating the soundness of a work of criticism

(B) comparing various critical approaches to a subject

(C) discussing the limitations of a particular kind of criticism

(D) summarizing the major points made in a work of criticism

【是讲了< /p>

RR

评论的优缺点，不是

major points

】

(E) explaining the theoretical background of a certain kind of criticism

5.

The

author

of

the

passage

believes

that

Black

Fiction

would

have

been

improved

had

Rosenblatt

(A) evaluated more carefully the ideological and historical aspects of Black fiction

(B) attempted to be more objective in his approach to novels and stories by Black authors

(C)

explored

in

greater

detail

the

recurrent

thematic

concerns

of

Black

fiction

throughout

its

history

(D) established a basis for placing Black fiction within its own unique literary tradition

(E) assessed the relative literary merit of the novels he analyzes thematically

【

Black Fiction does

leave

some

aesthetic

questions

open.

Rosenblatt‘s

thematic

analysis

permits

considerable

objectivity; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various

works

—

yet his reluctance seems misplaced

放错的，不合适的

, especially since an attempt to

appraise

评价，鉴定

might have led to interesting results.< /p>

】定位没问题，这句理解有问题，

留下了审美方面的遗憾，

R

的评价分析很客观，他甚至特别说明了他不评论文章是故意的，

但是！

！

！他的这个不愿意是不好的！

！

！因为一些评价会有很好的结果

misp laced

理解有误

】

The author

’

s discussion of Black Fiction can be best described as

A)

pedantic and contentious

B)

critical and admiring

C)

ironic and deprecating

D)

argumentative but unfocused

E)

stilted and insincere

It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be LEAST likely to approve of which of the

following?

A)

An analysis of the influence of political events on the personal ideology of Black writes

B)

A critical study that applies sociopolitical criteria to autobiographies by Black authors

C)

A literary study of Black poetry that appraises the merits of poems according to the political