2020年中考英语阅读理解专项攻略讲解二 (含解析)

中考英语阅读理解专项攻略讲解二

主旨大意题

?

命题特点分析

①

主旨大意题目是阅读理解所设置的 题目中最难类型，主旨题主要考查学生阅读理解能力，判断细

节与主旨能力，逻辑推理能 力及总结归纳能力

.

把握整篇文章的观点思想

< br>.

②主旨大意题的文章体裁主要是关于历史文化，价值观，社会方面的记叙文< /p>

,

议论文居多

.

③文章的主旨大意题目考查设置可分为：段落主旨和整篇文章主旨

< br>④主旨大意题往往是考查文章的深层意义及寓意而非字面意思，

包括作者的意图及 目的；

尤其整篇文

章主旨大意，如：

T he best title of the passage is _______.What

’

s the main idea of the

passage?

?

主旨大意题解题思路

①先看问题，了解主旨题目的提问方式

.

②略读文章，理解文章大意，抓住关键词及句子。

1.

主旨句出现在文章开头，即开 门见山，随之用细节来说明解释，论证主题思想，这

种题目教容易

.2.

主旨句出现文章末尾，

即藏头露尾，

< br>文章先阐述细节，

然后归纳总结

.3.

< br>文章首尾

都有主旨句，首尾呼应，不是简单的重复，而是发展和引申

.4.

主旨句隐藏文章中，没有明确的主

旨句

.

学生需要理解文章细节及各段意思，通过推理归纳，总结主旨句。

④以文章主旨为基础，推断出作者的意图目的及深层次的寓意

.

?

主旨大意题设置方式

①

What is the best title of the passage?

②

What

’s the main idea of the passage?

③

The passage mainly tells about _________________.

④

What is the main idea of the paragraph____?

⑤

The purpose of the passage is to _________.

⑥

The passage is probably taken from---

主旨大意题解题思路实例分析

?

主旨大意实例

1.

选择最好标题

What is the best title of the passage?

(2019

金华中考

)

It was Day 1 of our vacation on Cortes, a beautiful quiet island. “iPhone, iPhone,

iPhone,” my son kept moaning(呻吟

). In front of him was a big window of facing the blue

ocean. And a cool gentle wind was coming in from the door. Clearly, he saw and felt none

of it.

Back

at

home,

I’d

soon

give

up

and

hand

the

phone

over

to

him

after

five

minutes

of

listening

to this kind of moaning.

But not here. Before we left, I had told my 10-year-old-old son the rule

—

no e-mails, no

Facebook, no video games, and no iPhone. We came here to get away from them all. Here we

were on our first day and already, he couldn’t stand it.

____

I

walked

down

the

grass

road

to

the

beach

and

looked

out

to

the

sea.

My

6-year- old-old

daughter and my husband were drawing on pieces of wood. They were doing just fine.

On Day 2, we spent the whole morning digging for shells(

贝壳

). This time, my son joined

us.

He

collected

shellfish

and

other

sea

treasures.

When

we

got

back

to

our

little

wood

house.

I gave my son a book, and put him on the lovely garden chair. It was almost dinner when he

looked up.

The next few days passed in peace

On Day 6, my son was lying beside me on the beach, watching the sun going down. He was

playing

with

the

sand.

And

there

was

something

shining

in

his

eyes.

I

realized

how

time

slowed

down

for

both

of

us.

It

was

exactly

what

I

wanted.

Finally,

we

were

able

to

sit

quietly

without

thinking about screens, phone calls and e-mails.

A week away from all the electronics and life is good.

1. The best title for the passage can be ____.

A. A Terrible Life on the Island

C. A Fight between Mother and Son

B. A Special iPhone for My Son

D. A Vacation Away from Electronics

.

?

主旨大意题实例

2 .

段落的主要观点

What’s the main idea of the passage

____?

（

20 19

宁波中考）

Big data (

数据

)can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if

a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take

care of that

baby so he

or she

does not

get sick. Big data can also be used

for bad reasons.

It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others,

even if they have not done anything wrong.

1. The main idea of Paragraph 3 is _____________________.

A. big data can be used for good reasons

B. we can use big data in a number of ways

C. big data can be used for both good and bad reasons

D. we can use big data to prevent babies from getting sick

?

主旨大意题实例

3.

整篇文章的观点

The text mainly tells about______.

（

2019

浙江湖州中考）

A myth is something that is not correct, but many people believe. There are a lot of

myths about the human brain.

One of the biggest myths is that we only use 10 percent of our brains. The next part

of

the

myth

is

that

if

we

can

learn

to

use

the

rest

of

our

brains,

then

we'll

be

much

smarter.

People say this all the time, but it's absolutely not true! The truth is that although we

don't know everything about the human brain, we know that each part of it has an important

function (

功能

) . Modern scientists think the

荒谬的

) .

The

other

most

popular

myth

is

about

being

brained

or

brained

According

to this

myth, people who use the right side of their

brains

are more artistic and creative.

People

who

use

the

left

side

of

their

brains

are

better

at

math

and

science.

This

is

as

popular

as the 10 percent myth, and it's also wrong. In 2013, a study at an American university

examined the right brain and left brain myth. According to the study, we use both sides of

our brains equally (

相等地

).

It's true that we use different parts of our brains for different things. We use our

left side for language more, and our right side when we need to pay attention. But there

is

no

evidence

(

证据

)

that

creative

people

use

the

right

side

more

or

that

scientific

people

use the left side more.

We've

talked

about

myths,

so

let's

look

at

a

few

interesting

facts

about

the

brain.

First

of all, the brain feels no pain. Second, about 75 percent of the brain is made of water.

It's also the fattest organ in your body. Here's another interesting fact about the brain.

Around the time you turn 18 years old, it stops growing.

passage mainly tells about _________________.

A. the growing of the brain

C. right brain and left brain

B. different functions of the brain

D. myths and facts about the brain

?

主旨大意题实例

4.

作者写文章的目的

The purpose of the passage is to _________.

（

20 18

浙江衢州中考）

Most people use their mouths to talk, but do you know some people use their hands to

speak? Some people who cannot hear use their hands to communicate messages to others. This

is called sign language. These people make shapes with their fingers, movements with their

hands, as well as different faces in order to talk to other people.

One way people speak with their hands is by making shapes for letters with their fingers.

For example, if you make an

letter

in

American

sign

language.

Each

letter

has

a

hand

shape.

This

way

people

can

spell

words using their hands.

If

you

move

your

hand

from

your

nose

to

your

chin(

下巴),

you

can

say“mother”

in

American

sign language. If you move your hand from the top of your head to your chin, you can say

＂，

Again, you have to use the same hand shape that you used for

Finally, people can change their faces to communicate in a sign language. For example, if

you want to ask a question, you need to make your eyebrows (

眉毛

) go up. You also need to

move your head forward a little.

If

you

want

to

say

do

not

know

you

need

to

make

your

eyes

smaller

and

make

your

eyebrows

go down.

purpose of the passage is to _________.

A. help people know more about America

B. introduce American sign language to readers

C. teach readers how to make hand shapes

D. encourage people to use more sign language

?

主旨大意题实例

< br>5.

文章来自

---. The passage is probably taken from---

2017

河南中考

THE FORKS MARKET

The Forks Market offers many different kinds of special

souvenirs. Downstairs, shoppers may buy fresh food and fruits.

In the upstairs, shoppers will find artworks.

Open year- round.

Tel: 204-942-6302

MANITOBA LEGISLATIVE BUILDING

Manitoba

Legislative

Building

was

completed

in

1920.

many

consider it to be the finest in the country. Open from a,m, to

8

p.m.

for

self- guided

tours.

Guided

tours

are

offered

free.

Call

for more information.

Tel: 204-945-5813 /mit/legtour/

MILLENNIUM LIBRARY

Every day, up to 5,00 visitors come to Millennium Library for

books,

movies,

music,

wifi,

reading

corner

and

study

space.

Open

Monday to Thursday from 10 a.m. to 9 p.m.; Friday to Saturday

from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.; Sundays from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m..

Tel: 204-986-6450 /library

CHILDRON

’

S MUSEUM

The Children

’

s Museum helps lead to creative learning. there

will be public programs, workshops and special events. During

the

holiday

seasons,

visitors

can

take

a

walk

in

Eaton

’

s

Santa

’

s Village. Open daily.

Tel;204-924-4000

注：

souvenirs

纪念品；

legislative

议会

is text most probably from?

基础篇

A.A guide book. B. A picture book.

C. A history book. D. A science book.

主旨大意题经典习题练

（

2019

浙江衢州中考）

A

“Made in China” is having its moment now—

and it's a fashionable one.

The story of Chinese fashion began in 2011 when Feiyue and Huili, both Chinese sports

shoe

brands(

品牌

),

suddenly

got

international

attention.

Their

products

were

seen

all

over

the world. Chinese sportswear brand Li Ning was at the New York Fashion Week in September,

2018. They showed their new designs

—

sweaters and jackets with Chinese characters.

Shaun Rein, managing director of China Market Research Group, said that the latest

Chinese brands no longer catch customers' eye by low price. He told CNN,

that they can go head to head with foreign brands.

Maybe

it

is

because

China's

young

people

are

now

more

confident

about

their

own

culture.

They don't show immediate interest in western culture any more.

“Today’s

young

people

in

China

are

crazy

about

Chinese

cultural

elements(元素).”

Jin

Qu, the manager of a clothing shopping website, said at a cultural festival in 2018.

They

like these elements printed on their clothes, even the brand picture of Laoganma in China,

which was once seen as outside of fashion. But now young people are proud of these Chinese

symbols.

“In fact, many stars in the West are now interested in Chinese cultural elements in

fashion. Rihanna, a US singer, for example, wore a Chinese red dress to the 2015 Met Gala

in New York. The dress was designed and made by Chinese designer Guo Pei.

“We have to move from making to creating,” Chinese

-American designer Aric Chen once

told

The New York Times.

“We want to replace the words ‘Made in China ’ with ‘Designed

in China ’.”

1. The new designs of Li Ning Company in September 2018 were ____.

A.

coats

and

scarves

in

Chinese

red B.

sweaters

and

jackets

with

English

words

C.

coats

and

scarves

with

American

symbols D.

sweaters

and

jackets

with

Chinese

characters

2. The underlined word

They

A. Today's young people in China B. The workers in Jin Qu's shop

C. Some famous stars in the West D. Directors of some Chinese

companies

3. What can be the best title for the passage?

A. Chinese Clothes Brands

B. Sports in China

C Chinese Cultural Festival

D. Designed in China

4. The passage above may be taken from a(n) ____.

A. newspaper

B. guidebook

C. novel D. ad