-
高三英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
< br>
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
(Met) is one of the world's largest and finest art
museums.
Following the suggested route
will help you explore the museum.
The Temple of Dendur
This 2000-year-old building stood
near the Nile River, surrounded by a wall that no
longer exists.
But you can still peek
through the gateway. Whose
gods. Can
you identify them? They face out. A king faces in,
bringing offerings.
MetSpeaks
Bringing
together some of the most respected thinkers on a
given subject, MetSpeaks features
lectures,
discussions,
talks,
films,
and
forums
in
which
compelling
voices
explore
timely
issues
that connect to the
Met's exhibitions and permanent collection.
Program times, audiences, and
topics
vary.
Time to
Sketch
Settle down for a
few minutes, pick something in this gallery, and
have fun drawing it. Enjoy the
chance
to look carefully as you create your own sketch.
You'll be surprised at how much more you
notice, thanks to exploring art by
sketching.
MetAccess
Make the Met
yours! Choose from a variety of services and
exciting programs that are tailored
to
meet the needs of visitors with disabilities.
Program times, audiences, and topics
vary.
Ask for the Access
Information brochure and Access Calendar at
Information Desks, download
the Access
Calendar (PDF), or call 212-650-2010 or email
access@.
Admission
Fee
includes
admission
to
the
Main
Building
and
same-week
admission
to
the
Cloisters
museum and gardens.
Recommended
Adults
Seniors
(65 and older)
Students
Members
(Join Now)
Fee
$$25
$$17
$$12
Free
Children
under 12 (accompanied by an adult)
Free
（
1
）
How
much is recommended to pay for 3 adult and 2
student visitors?
A. 111
B. 99
C. 87
D. 103
（
2
）
What can you know about
the Temple of Dendur?
A. A
high
wall
is
surrounding
the
2000-year-old
building
now.
B. A
king
faces
out,
bringing
offerings in
the temple.
C. The building
is designed for Emperor to live in.
D. The Nile River witnessed the history
of
the building.
（
3
）
Which of the
following is TRUE about the Met?
A. Issues
connected
with
economic
crisis
will
be
discussed
in
MetSpeaks.
B. Visitors
can
choose something in the gallery and
have fun drawing it on the wall.
C. Disabled people will find various
services and programs offered especially for them.
D. You
can email access@ for
more Admission information.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，
The
Metropolitan
Museum
of
Art
艺术博物馆是世界
上最大和最好的艺术博物馆之一，本文主要介绍你可
以参观博物馆的路线。
（
1
）考查数字计算。根据框中内容
adult
是<
/p>
25
；
students
是
12
．三个成年人是
75<
/p>
；两个
学生是
24
；两者加在一起是
99
，所以选
B<
/p>
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
The Temple of
Dendur
部分中的
“This
2000
-year-old building stood
near the Nile
River
，
surrounded by a wall
that no longer exists”
这座庙宇
20
00
年前的建筑矗立
在尼罗河附近，四周围着一堵已经不复存在
的墙．可以看出是尼罗河见证了它的历史，故
选
D
。
（
3
< br>）考查细节理解。
根据
MetAccess
部分中的
“Choose from a
variety of services and exciting
programs that are tailored to meet the
needs of visitors with disabilities”
从各种
各样的服务和激
动人心的节目中挑选，以满足残疾人士的需要．所以
C
选项是正确的，选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和数字计算两个题型的考查，是一篇介
绍类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据先关信息进行计算，从而选出正确答案
。
2
．
Choose the one
that fits best according to the information given
in the passage you have just
read.
biography
(
传记
) of great
men,
the advocate of what has come to be
known as the
suggests that the broader
movements and outline of history all go back to
the leadership of great
individuals who
had unique influence on their times. Whether or
not Carlyle's theory proves true
is
debatable, but that certain individuals cast long
shadows is not.
As one
who is entrusted with a leadership position, I
find it profitable to read of others who
have led. Wherever you find me, you'll
likely find a good biography nearby. Why is this
the case?
First, I find good
biographies fascinating. I'll occasionally read a
novel, but I've never been overly
drawn
to fiction. I have found myself unable to sleep
while in the struggle of the Battle of Britain
in William Manchester's
The
Last Lion
. For me, not to read
biographies would rob me of pleasure
in
my life.
Second,
I
find
good
biographies
informative.
A
good
biographer
tells
not
only
the
story
of a
person,
but
also
of
their
times.
Reading
a
good
biography
is
like
wandering
through
an
intellectual
shopping
mall.
The
first
store
is
what
drew
you
there,
but
you
will
be
pleasantly
surprised along
the way at what other items grab your attention.
You'll find no better account of
the
British Empire at its peak than the opening
chapters of Manchester's
Visions of
Glory
, volume
one of his
The Last Lion
. Strictly
speaking, a biography is but a slice of
history.
Third, I find
good biographies relaxing. Winston Churchill once
noted a man who works with his
hands
should have a hobby that engages his mind, and a
man who works with his mind should
have
a
hobby
that
engages
his
hands.
Another
way
to
apply
Churchill's
saying
is
to
combine
technical, pen-in-hand vocational
reading with leisurely biographical reading.
Indeed, few things
are more relaxing to
me than winding down the evening and entering into
another world.
This
is
why
I
love
reading
good
biographies,
and
why
I
pity
the
person
who
neglects
them.
Don't be counted among
their number.
（
1<
/p>
）
What is implied in the first
paragraph?
A.
The author finds Carlyle's theory
undebatable.
B. Carlyle
believes great men alone cannot create
history.
C. It is debatable
whether one should read great men's
biographies.
D. The author
agrees that history is greatly influenced by
certain men.
（
2
）
What does the underlined
phrase
A. good biographies
B. stories of certain times
C. the volumes of
The Last
Lion
D. the chapters of the British
Empire
（
3
< br>）
Which of the following statements
is TRUE?
A. The
author considers biographical reading
enjoyable.
B. The author can
travel to another world in the evening.
C. The author has fought many battles
during his lifetime.
D. The
author profits commercially by reading
biographies.
（
4
）
What is the author's main
purpose in writing the article?
A. To analyze the benefits
of vocational reading.
B. To
introduce to readers his unique reading
strategies.
C. To present
great men's history through biography
reading.
D. To recommend
biography reading through his own
experiences.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，作者阐述了喜欢读好的传记的原因。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
outline of history all go back to the
leadership of great individuals who had unique
influence on
their
times
可知，这一理论表明，更广泛的历史运动和轮廓都可以追溯到对其时代有独特
影响的伟大人物的领导。所以通过第一段的关键词
back
to
，
had
unique
influence
on
their times
，判断
出第一段暗示了作者同意历史受某些人的影响很大。故选
D
。<
/p>
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
but
also
of
their
times.
Reading
a
good
biography
is
like
wandering
through
an
intellectual
shopping mall.
The first store is what drew you there, but you
will be pleasantly surprised along
the
way at what other items grab your attention.
可知，一个好的传记作家不仅讲述一个人的
故事，而且还在讲述他们所处的
时代。读一本好的传记就像漫步在一个充满智慧的购物中
心。第一家商店吸引了你，但你
会惊喜地发现，还有其它的商品吸引了你的注意力。所以
作者把读好的传记比喻成购物，
将历史人物和某个时期的历史故事比喻成商店的商品。故
判断出第三段划线的
指的是某个时期的故事。故选
B
< br>。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
me,
not
to
read
biographies
would
rob
me
of
pleasure in my
life
以及第三段
the
evening
and
entering
into
another
world.
可知，
对我来说，不读传记会剥夺我生活的乐
趣。的确，没有什么事情比悠闲地度过夜晚，进入
另一个世界更令我放松。所以作者认为
传记阅读令人愉快。故
A
选项
作者认为传记阅读令人愉快
是正确的。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
I
find
good
biographies
fascinating.
；第三段中
的
I
find
good
biographies
informative.
；第四段中的
I
find
good
biographies
relaxing.
以及最后段
neglects
them.
Don't
be
counted
among
their
number.
可知，首
先，我觉得好的传记很吸引
人。我发现好的传记信息丰富。我发现好的传记让人放松。这
就是为什么我喜欢读好的传
记，以及为什么我同情忽视它们的人。不要成为那些不读传记
的人群的一员。可知，作者
通过自己的经历阐述了自己喜欢读好的传记的原因目的是推荐
人们读传记。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题
型的考查，是一篇教育类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理
，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
Why do you go to the library? For
books, yes--but you like books because they tell
stories. You
hope to get lost in a
story or be transported into someone else's life.
At one type of library, you
can do just
that--even though there's not a single
book.
At
a
Human
Library,
instead
of
books,
you
can
“borrow”
people.
Individuals
volunteer
as
human “books” and participants in the
event can “read” the book
--meaning they
would have a
one-on-one
conversation
with
the
volunteer
and
share
in
a
dialogue
about
that
individual's
experience. “Books” are volunteers from
all walks of life who have experienced
discrimination
(
歧
视
)
based
on
race,
religion,
class,
gender
identity,
age,
lifestyle
choices,
disability
and
other
aspects
of their life
For a
certain amount of time, you can ask them questions
and listen to their stories, which are
as fascinating and as attractive as any
you can find in a book. Many of the stories have
to do with
some kind of stereotype. You
can speak with a refugee
(
难民
), a soldier suffering
from PTSD, a
homeless person or a woman
living with HIV. The Human Library encourages
people to challenge
their own long-held
beliefs-to truly get to know, and learn from
someone they might otherwise
make a
quick judgment about.
According to its webs
ite, the Human
Library is “a place where difficult questions are
expected,
appreciated
and
answered.”
It
provides
the
opportunity
for
the
community
to
share
and
understand the experiences of others in
their community.
The
Human Library Organization came to be in
Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel,
his
brother
Dany,
and
some
colleagues
hosted
a
four-day
event
during
a
major
Northern
European festival,
hoping to raise awareness about violence among
youth. After the success of
this event,
Abergel founded the Human Library Organization,
which has been growing ever since.
Though
there
are
a
few
permanent
human
libraries,
most
aren't
places
at
all,
but
events.
Though many do take place at physical
libraries, you don't need a library
card
—
anyone can come
and
be
part
of
the
experience.
There
have
been
human
library
events
all
over
the
globe,
in
universities and in pubs, from Chicago
to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio.
The
stories
these
tell
range
from
fascinating
to
heartbreaking
and
everything
in
between. And that's the very point of
the organization--to prove that no person can be
summed
up in just one word. It seeks to
show people that you truly can't judge a book by
its cover---or by
its title or label.
（
1
）
The
“books” in human lib
raries
are____________.
A. long-held beliefs attracting
individuals B. inspiring stones
motivating people in trouble
C. events
in
which
people
can
talk
to
volunteers
D.
unfairly-treated
people
sharing
their
experiences
（
2
）
The
event in Copenhagen is significant because
it_______.
A.
aimed
to
help
the
young
suffering
from
violence
B. attempted
to
replace
traditional
physical libraries
C. laid a foundation for the Human
Library Organization
D. led to
a pleasing development for
the
community with racism
（
3
）
In
human libraries, the readers are likely
to_________.
A.
deepen their understanding of people
B. enrich their own personal
experiences
C. hear the
stories from all over the world
D.
make quick judgments
about the “books”
（
4
）
The
main purpose of the passage is to _________.
A. compare and evaluate
B. inform and explain
C. discuss and persuade
D. analyze and suggest
【答案】<
/p>
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇介绍说明
类文章。文章介绍了有关
“the Human Library”
的相关信
息。在
the
Human
Library
，读者可
以和来自各行各业志愿者们交谈，了解他们的经历和故
事，加深对他人的了解。
（
1
）细节理解题。
由第二段中的
“At
a
Human
Library,
instead
of
books,
you
can
“borrow”
people.
Individua
ls
volunteer
as
human
“books”
and
participants
in
the
event
can
“read”
the
book--
meaning
they
would
have
a
one-on-one
conversation
with
the
volunteer
and
share
in
a
dialogue
about
that
individual's
experience.
“Books”
are
volunteers
from
all
walks
of
life
who
have
experienced
discrimination
(
歧视
)
based
on
race,
religion,
class,
gender
identity,
age,
lifestyle
choices, disability
and
other
aspects
of
their
life”
可知，
Human
Library<
/p>
的
“
书
”
实际上
人，这些人来自各行各业，他们经历了种族，宗教，性别等方面
的歧视。读者们可以和这
些人交谈，了解他们的经历。故答案选
D
。
（
2<
/p>
）推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的
“The
Human
Library
Organization
came
to
be
in
Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni
Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues
hosted a
four-day
during
a
major
Northern
European festival,
hoping
to
raise
awareness
about
violence
among youth. After
the success of this event, Abergel founded the
Human Library Organization,
which
has
been
growing
ever
since”
可知，
Ronni
Abergel
，他的兄弟
Dany
以及一些同事举行
了为期四天的活动，希望提高人们对青年人暴力的意
识。在这次活动成功之后，
Abergel
建
< br>立了
the
Human
Library
Organization
< br>，该组织一直在发展中。由此可知，在
Copenhagen
举
行的活动的成功导致了
the Human
Library Organization
的成立，结合选项可推知，该活动奠
定了该组织的基础，故答案选
C
。
（
3
）细节理解题。由
第四段中的
“It provides the opportunity for
the community to share and
understand
the experiences of others in their
community”
可知，
the Human Libra
ry
给社会给提
供了分享和了解别人经历的机会。由此可知，通
过
the
Human
Library
，
< br>人们可以加深对他
人的了解。故答案选
A
。
（
4
）写作意图题。文章介绍了
the
Human
Library(
真人图书馆
)
的情况。在
the
Human
Library
，读者可以和来自各行各业志愿者们交谈，了解他们的经历和故事。
文章还介绍了
the
Human
L
ibrary
的成立的情况。很明显，作者希望通过这篇文章让读者了解
the
Human
Library
，结合选项，告知解释。故答案选
B
。
【点评】推理题的解题方法：（
1
< br>）抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。要善于抓住某一段
话中的关键信息，即某些
关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，
从而推断出这句话所隐含
的深层含义。（
2
）
整合全文（段）信息进行推断。有时需要在
弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目
相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结
论。（
3<
/p>
）利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。每篇文章的语境都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性
反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就
能在把握主旨文意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。
（
4
）根据文章的结论推断作者
的态度。
作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、
反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描
写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨
。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色
彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中
。
（
5
）根
据上下文的逻辑得出
结论。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一
系列论据材料进行推
理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点
或爱好去理解文章的
内涵。
（
6
）结合已有的知识进行推断。知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，
运用自己
掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法
。
4
．
阅读理解
On
a
college
camping
trip,
curiosity
about
waves
and
sand
caused
Rob
Thieler
to
study
shorelines
around
the
world.
Thirty
years
later
and
now
a
U.S.
Geological
Survey
research
geologist, Thieler,
is combining science and smartphone technology to
help study an endangered
bird, the
Atlantic Coast piping plover.
The
piping
plover
is
a
shorebird
that
breeds
（繁殖）
along
the
Atlantic
Coast,
the
Great
Lakesand the Great Plains. Rising sea
levels associated with climate change, as well as
increased
development
in
their
beach
habitats
（栖息地）
,
threaten
the
species
（物种）
.
To
help
track
changes in piping plover habitats,
Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in
2012. This is a
marked change from the
typical way scientists collect data, which
involves gathering information
using
specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and
then putting into spreadsheets.
Since
releasing
iPlover,
scientists
have
gathered
data
across
1500
km
of
breeding
range.
Thatequals about a
third of the distance across the U.S., which is a
large area to cover for only
two
thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the
east coast. Instead of having to travel and
spend days at each site, a number of
cooperators in the field use the app to collect
and send data,
allowing scientists to
gather data more efficiently. It also allows them
to collect data at the same
time during
each breeding season, providing a better picture
of changes that happen over longer
periods
of
time.
And
fast,
centralized
access means
scientists
can
look
at
data
quickly
to
get
a
real-time idea of where
and how piping plovers are using their
habitats.
While iPlover
is used by trained field staff, other apps like
the U. S. Geological Survey'sweb-
based
“iCoast—Did
the
Coast
Change?”
invite
citizen
scientists
to
identify
coastal
changes
by
comparing
bird's-eye-view
photographs
taken
before
and
after
storms.
All
the
information
scientists and
citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and
state agencies create policyplans for
addressing climate change impacts
(
影响
) worldwide.
（
1
）
What can we know about the piping plover?
A. Its behaviour is
changing. B. Its
habitat is growing bigger.
C. Its living environment is becoming
worse.
D. Its breeding is
limited to the Atlantic Coast.
（
2
）
Why
did Thieler develop iPlover?
A. To study shorelines
across America. B. To advance
information technology.
C.
To find out global climate change.
D. To monitor changes of piping plover
habitats.
（
3
）
Which of the following benefits
the shorebirds?
A. The camping equipment.
B. Research on smartphones.
C. The changeable coast.
D. Progress in technology.
<
/p>
（
4
）
What
would be the best title of the text?
A. Protecting Endangered
Shorebirds B. Rob Thieler, a
Creative Scientist
C.
IPlover, Tool for Training Field Staff
D. Differences Between IPlover and
ICoast
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
。文章主要讲述了随着技术的进步，保护濒危的岸禽
鸟类的措施变得更加的有效。
（
1
）考查细节理
解题。根据文章第二段
Rising
sea
levels
associated
with
climate
change,
as
well
as increased development in their beach
habitats
（栖息地）
, threaten the
species
（物种）
可知，笛鸻的生存环境变得越来越糟了
。故答案选
C
。
（
2
）考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段
< br>To
help
track
changes
in
piping
plover
habitats,
Thieler developed a free app called
iPlover in 2012.
可知，发明
app
其目的是为了追踪笛鸻的
栖息地的改变。故答案选
D
。
（
3
）考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段
Instead
of
having
to
travel
and
spend
days
at
each
site, a number of cooperators in the
field use the app to collect and send data,
allowing scientists
to gather data more
efficiently.
可以推断出，技术的进步，使得科学家获得更有效的数据。故
答案选
D
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意题。根据文章大意
：文章主要讲述了随着技术的进步，保护濒危的岸禽
鸟类的措施变得更加的有效。故答案
选
A
。
【点评】
1.
要想做好科普英语阅读
理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学
习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇
，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。
2.
要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题
(Head
line)
，导语
(Introduction)
，
背景
(Back
ground)
，主体
(Main <
/p>
body)
和结尾
(End)
五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而
又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考
情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学
们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文
章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概
括的事实进行详细叙述，这一部分
命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为
重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概
括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判
断题。
3.
在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科
学事实为依据，同时所得出的
结论还应符合基本的科普常识。
5
．
阅读理解
If you want to convince the boss
you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution
could be
simple
—
eat the same food as they
do. Psychologists have discovered managers are
much more
likely to instantly trust us
if we choose the same dishes as them.
During experiments, discussions
over wages and work conditions were much more
successful if
both
sides
chose
to
snack
on
the
same
treats.
And
shoppers
were
much
more
likely
to
buy
a
product advertised on TV by someone
eating a similar food to them at the
time.
The reason is
thought to be so - called similarity attraction
theory---where people tend to like
others who have similar tastes or
habits to themselves. But this is believed to be
one of the first
studies highlighting
the role of food in this relationship. Researchers
at Chicago University in the
US
conducted a series of experiments to examine
food's role in earning trust.
In a test, participants were told
to watch TV --- where someone pretending to be a
member of
the public praised a certain
product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to
nibble, while the
TV people ate either
a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked.
The results showed viewers were
much more likely to express an interest in buying
the product
if the TV showed the other
person eating a Kit Kat too.
The researchers added,
“Although similarity in food consumption is not a
sign of whether two
people will get
along, we find consumers treat this as such. They
feel more trusting of those who
consume
as
they
do.
It
means
people
can
immediately
begin
to
feel
friendship
and
develop
a
bond,
leading to smoother transactions from the
start.”
Harley
Street
psychologist
Dr
Lucy
Atcheson
said
it
was
already
known
that
wearing
similar
clothes could
instantly create trust. But this was the first
report that food had the same effect.
She said, “This is really interesting.
It makes sense as people feel they have common
ground and
can trust the other person.
That means negotiations are more likely to be
successful.”
（
1
）
According to the passage,
customers are likely to buy a product from a
dealer who .
A. has the same taste as them
B. advertises his products on TV
C. reduces the price of his products
D. pays attention to the quality of his
products
（
2
）
The
experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago
University show that .
A. food plays an important
role in earning people's trust
B. bosses like employees that have
the same taste as them
C. people who have similar tastes to
their boss's earn more
D.
people have less interest in
buying
products advertised on TV
（<
/p>
3
）
What can be
inferred from the passage?
A. People who eat similar food are more
likely to trust each other.
B.
People will get along
with each other
if they like to eat similar things,
C. The
effect
of
wearing
similar
clothes
hasn't
been
proved
by
researchers.
D.
People
are
more likely to
make friends with those wearing the same clothes
as them.
（
4
）
Which of the following sayings
can be an example of the similarity attraction
theory?
A.
Honesty is the best policy.
B. All good things come to an
end.
C. Birds of a feather
flock together.
D.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2<
/p>
）
A
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，主要讲述心理学家发现，和经理们（乃至陌生人）
吃同样食物的人更容易即刻获得他们
的信任。也就是谚语所说的，
“
人以群分
物以类聚。
”
< br>（
1
）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句
shoppers
were
much
more
likely
to
buy
a
product
advertised on TV by someone eating a
similar kind of food to them at the time.
可知，顾客很可
能从味道相同的经销商那里购买产品。故答案选
A
。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句
Researchers
at
Chicago
University
in
the
US
conducted
a
series
of
experiments
to
examine
food's
role
in
earning
trust.
可知美国
Chicago
University
研究表明食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着
重要的作用。故答案选
A
。
（
3
）推理判断题。根据最后一段中
this was the first report that food had the same effect. She
said, “This is really
interesting. It makes sense as people feel they
have the common ground and
can trust
the other person. Thai means negotiations are more
likely to the success
ful.”
可知
，吃
相似食物的人更容易信任对方。故答案选
A
。
（
4
）推理判断题。根据每条谚语的意思
A.
Honesty
is
the
best
policy.
诚实为上策。
B.
All
good things come to an
end.
天下没有不散的筵席。
C. Birds of a
feather flock together.
人以群
分
物以类聚。
D. Where there is a
will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。可知
< br>C
项符合题意。
【点评】推理题的解题方法
1.
抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。
2.
整合全文（段）信息进行推断。
3.
利用语境的褒
贬性进行信息推断。
4.
根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。
5.
根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。
6.
结合已有的知识进行推断。
6
．
阅读理解
Parents may think they're smart
about where they store medicines, but their kids
are smarter.
Nearly 60,000 young
children are rushed to the hospital every year
after getting into medicines
not meant
for them, according to a new report from Safe Kids
Worldwide.
The report
finds little connection between what parents know
about storing medicines safely
and what
they actually do. Nine out of 10 parents know that
medicines should be stored up and
away
out of reach and sight, but 7 out of 10 of them
admit not doing that. They leave medicines
out on kitchen counters, sinks and
sofas, believing babies and
toddlers(
学步者
)aren't tall
enough
or strong enough to reach them.
Unfortunately, they probably can. Children as
young as a month
have
ended
up
in
an
emergency
department
because
they'd
been
poisoned
by
getting
into
a
medicine that was left within
reach.
Most poisonings
related to medicines---particularly among babies
and toddlers---occur within
their
home.
Kids
develop
rapidly
and
they
want
to
explore
their
environment.
At
certain
ages
they
have
a
lot
of
hand-to-mouth
activity,
and
so
it's
very
common
for
them
to
explore
their
environment and then try to taste what
they find.
The new Safe
Kids worldwide report includes a survey of 2,000
parents with children under age
6.
While the number of children visiting an emergency
department for accidental poisonings had
declined since the 2010 maximum, the
decline has slowed in recent years.
Prescription and over-the-counter
medicines cause the most severe poisonings, but
vitamins
and
supplements(
补充品
)can also
cause problems. There are steps families can take
to lower the
risk for an accidental
medicine poisoning.
（
1
）
Why
are children poisoned according to the text?
A. Some of the medicines at
home taste nice.
B. There is
something poisonous in medicines.
C. Kids have easy access to medicines
at home..
D. Kids are
curious to explore the environment
（
2
）
What
can we learn from the text?
A. Vitamins and supplements can do good
to kids.
B. The team made a
survey of 2,000 kids under age 6.
C. 600 parents surveyed could keep
medicines properly.
D. Kids
are usually smart at storing medicines at
home.
（
3
）
What could be the best title for the
text?
A.
Parents' Casual Behavior Leads to Kids
Poisoned
B. The Number of
Kids Poisoned Has Declined Lately
C. Nearly 60,000 Children Are Poisoned
by Medicines
D. Kids Are
Facing the Risk of Being Poisoned at
Home
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是是一篇说明
文，介绍了由于父母存放药品不当导致孩子药物中毒
的调查结果。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第三段
中的
“
At
certain
ages
they
have
a
lot
of
hand
-to-mouth
activity,
and
so
it's
very
common
for
them
to
explore their
environment
and
then
try
to
taste
what
they
find.”
在一定的年龄
,
他们有很多的手和嘴活动
,
所以他们很容易去探索他们的环境
,
然后尝试品
尝他们发现的东西在家里
,
他们很容易碰到药品，故选
C
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Parent
s
may
think
they're
smart
about
where
they
store medicines, but their kids are
smarter. ”
父母可能会认为他们很聪明，他们在哪里储存药
< br>品，但他们的孩子更聪明。故选
D
。
（
3
）
考
查
主
旨
大<
/p>
意
。
根
据
倒
数
第
三
段
中
的
“Most
poisonings
related
to
medicines
---
particularly among babies and
toddlers---
occur within their home.”
很多中毒事件是发生在家中
的，再根据文章大意，故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及
细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考
生准确掌握细节信息，
并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7
．
阅读理解
Bike Share Toronto is the city's
official bike share program, designed to give
locals and visitors a
fun, affordable
and convenient alternative to walking, taxis,
buses and the subway. There are 200
Bike
Share
Toronto
stations
and
2,000
bikes
across
the
city,
making
Bike
Share
the
most
accessible way to get around and
explore.
How it
works
Become an Annual
Member or buy a day Pass to access the
system.
Find an
available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use
your member key to unlock it.
Take as many short rides as you
want while your pass or membership is
active.
Return your bike
to any station, and wait for the green light on
the dock(
停靠点
)to make sure
it's locked.
Choose a plan
For
visitors
Day Pass: $$7.
Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour
period.
3-Day Pass: $$15.
Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour
period.
For
locals
Monthly Pass:
$$25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a
month.
Annual
Membership: $$90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a
whole year. The Annual Membership
is
the best deal for locals of Toronto and other
frequent riders.
The
first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the
membership or pass price. Avoid extra
fees by dropping off your bike every 30
minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike
out for
longer than 30 minutes at a
time, you will be charged an extra $$1.50 for the
first 30 minutes over,
$$4 for the next
30 minutes, and $$7 for each additional 30 minutes
after that.
Contact
us
●Customer
Service:
(855)898-2388
●Repair
Service:
(855)-2378
●Corporation
Partners:
(855)898-2398
●Employment
Opportunities:
(855)898-2498
（
1<
/p>
）
Which is the most suitable
choice for locals in Toronto?
A. Day Pass
B. 3-Day Pass
C. Monthly Pass
D. Annual Membership
（
2
）
How
much will the extra fee be if you travel for two
hours by bike?
A. $$5.5
B. $$9.5 C.
$$12.5 D.
$$15.5
（
3
）
For
more information about working at Bike Share
Toronto, contact it at _________.
A. (855)898-2399
B. (855)898-2378
C. (855)8989-2398
D. (855) 898-2498
（
4
）
Which of the
following statement is TRUE?
A. A member can get a code
or a key to the bike
B. Bike
Share Toronto is a non-profit
organization
C. Shared bikes
have taken the place of other vehicles
D. The green light on the dock shows
the bike is unlocked
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广应用
文，共享自行车多伦多是城市的官方自行车分享计
划，旨在为当地人和游客提供一个有趣
，实惠和方便的替代步行，出租车，公共汽车和地
铁．本文以此展开，讲述了共享自行车
是怎样运行，使用，收费的。
（
1<
/p>
）考查细节理解。根据文中
“The Annual
Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto
and
other
frequent
riders”
一
年一度的会员是多伦多当地最好的交易和其他频繁的骑手。故
选
D
。
（
2<
/p>
）考查细节理解。根据
be
charged an extra $$1.50 for the first 30 minutes
over $$4 for the next 30 minutes. and s7 for
each additional 30 minutes after that”<
/p>
如果你保持自行车超过
30
分钟你将被一
个额外的
1.50
美元的前
30
分钟
4
美元在接下来的
30
分钟
7
美元为每个额外的
30
分钟之后。所以超过
两小时
,
就是
1.5-4+7=12.5,
故选
C
。
< br>（
3
）考查细节理解。根据
“E
mployment
Opportunities:
(85
5)898
-
2498”
就业机会打（
855
）
898-2498
，故选
D
。
（
4
）考查细节理解。根据
“Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to
access the system.
Find an available
bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your
member key to unlock it.”
系统是怎
么工作的，成为一年一度的成员或买一天通过访问系统。附近找到一个可用的自行车
,
和搭
车的代码或使用你的解锁的关键成员，故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及
细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。要求考生准确捕捉细节
信息，结合题目要求，
从而选出正确答案。
8
．
阅读理解
It is that time of year when people
need to lock their cars. It's not because there
are a lot of
criminals running around
stealing cars. Rather, it's because of the good-
hearted neighbors who
want to share
their harvest. Especially with this year's large
crop, leaving a car unlocked in my
neighborhood is an invitation for
someone to stuff it full of
zucchini
（西葫芦）
.
My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently
had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family
had eaten
and canned so many that they
began to feel their skin turn slightly red. That's
when she decided
it was time to share
her blessings. She started calling everyone she
knew. When that failed, she
began
to
ask
everyone
in
the
neighborhood
like
a
politician,
eventually
finding
a
neighbor
delighted to have the tomatoes.
happy that she could help someone and
that the food didn't go to waste.
A few days later, Sharon answered
the door. There was the neighbor, holding some
bread. The
neighbor smiled pleasantly,
took a few other things and hope you
wouldn't mind.
Sharon
couldn't think of anything else in her garden that
had been worth harvesting and said
no.
Sharon was confused.
Zucchini in her garden? They hadn't even plated
any zucchini. But her
neighbor
insisted
that
there
really
were
bright-green
zucchini
in
her
garden.
The
two
of
them
walked
together
into
the
backyard.
When
the
neighbor
pointed
at
the
long
green
vegetables,
Sharon smiled,
too big, soft and bitter for eating or
canning.
The neighbor
looked at Sharon, shock written all over her face.
Then she smiled, and held out
the
bread
that
she
had
shared
all
over
the
neighborhood,
brought
you
a
loaf
of
cucumber
bread. I hope you
like it.
（
1
）
Why
does the author suggest that people in the
neighborhood should lock their cars?
A. They might be stolen by
thieves.
B. They night
be moved away by the police.
C. Their
neighbors
might
fill
them
with
their
harvest.
D. Their
neighbors
might
throw
rubbish in
them.
（
2
）
What does the underlined word
A. tomatoes.
B. belongings. C. helpful
things. D. best
wishes.
（
3
）
What did the neighbor do in
Sharon's garden?
A. She harvest tomatoes only.
B. She harvested zucchini by accident.
C. She
took
some
cucumbers
mistakenly.
D. She
stole
something
without
Sharon's
permission.
（
4
）
We
can infer from the article that the neighbors
bread would taste ________.
A. bitter but tasty B. strange
and bitter C. hard and sour D.
soft and sweet.
【答案】
< br>（
1
）
C
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者的妯娌邀请一位邻居去她家菜园里随便采摘西
红柿和其他喜欢的蔬菜，而邻居在菜
园里却错误地把老黄瓜当作了西葫芦，并且她用这个
材料做成了面包拿来和邻居一块分享
。
（
1
）考
查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Rather, it's because of
the good
-hearted neighbors who
want to share their harvest. Especially
with this year's large crop, leaving a car
unlocked in my
neighborhood is an
invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchin
i
（西葫芦）
.”
可知作者建议
附近的人们锁上自己的车是因为他们的邻居可能往车里填自己的收成，故选
C
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“My
sister
-in-law,
Sharon,
recently
had
a
good
year
for
tomatoes
.”
可知
That's when she decided
it was time to share her blessings.
意思是她
觉得是时
候与别人分享自己的西红柿了，故选
A
。
（
3
）
考查
推理
判
断。根
据
由倒
数第
二段
的
“Sharon
smiled,
‘Well,
actually,
those
are
cucumbers
that
we
never
harvested,
because
they
got
too
big,
soft
and
bitter
for
eating
or
canning.’”
可知邻居
在
Sharon
的菜园里错误地采摘了一些黄瓜，故选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“
When
the
neighbor
pointed
at
the
long
green
vegetables,
Sharon
smiled,
actually,
those
are
cucumbers
that
we
never
harvested,
because
they
got
too
big,
soft
and
bitter
for
eating
or
canning.
以及最后一段中的
“
I
brought
you a
loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it.
可推知用苦涩的黄瓜做的面包味道自然是奇
怪的和苦的
,
故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。<
/p>
9
．
阅读理解
It has been discovered
that after the age of sixteen, the number of our
brain cells begins to
decrease at a
speed of several million a year. They simply die
off. In certain types of activity, the
human
brain
is
at
its
highest
point
in
the
early
twenties,
when
it
has
collected
enough
information
to
be
able
to
use
the
vast
number
of
cells
freely
in
the
most
effective
way.
Pure
mathematics is one of
the fields in which this happens, and we know that
Albert Einstein made
all his world-
shaking discoveries between the age of about 20
and 25, and spent the rest of his
life
tidying them up and arranging them.
But in certain other types of
activity (of which being an author is perhaps
one), experience is
more important than
sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds
that a person reaches his or
her peak
much later in life.
Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is
another thing that is very important, and
that is wisdom. One can have a very
quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience,
but if one
uses these foolishly, one
harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not
always come with age
——
there
are plenty of foolish middle-aged people about
——
but the average person
tends to
learn wisdom as he gets older,
usually by making painful of embarrassing
mistakes. Leaning to be
wise is
basically learning what is not possible; and what
is possible but so difficult that it is not
worth
all
the
trouble
one
has
to
go
through
to
get
there.
Mostly,
it
is
learning
about
human
nature; how real
people behave and react, as against how one would
like them to behave and
react. One can
read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to
make the world a better place,
which
would be found if it was based on an accurate
observation of human nature, but which is
basically a waste of time because it is
not.
（
1
）
According to the writer, the great
discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a
result
in________.
of hard work
ess of the brain
experience
deep
understanding of the nature
（
2
）
Some people
achieve success much later in life because
.
work often
requires much experience
do
not have a chance to show their talents
have to learn lessons from
failures
fail to realize
earlier the importance of hard work
（
3
）
The
importance of wisdom lies in the fact that
.
helps to
avoid various mistakes
contributes to one's creativity
encourages one to go forward in face
of difficulty
provides the
right direction of efforts
（
4
）
The
writer came to believe that .
is always a waste of time
to make plans about the future
is human nature to make attempts on
what looks impossible
should always challenge the impossible to push the
society forward
has to use
wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to
do
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了人类的大脑在
20
岁左右于巅峰，在以后的成
就多数是因为需要丰富的经验。除了头脑敏锐和经验丰富外，智慧也非常重要，因为智慧
为人们提供了正确的努力方向。人们要用智慧来决定做什么才是最好的。
（
1
）考查
推理判断。根据第一段
“It
has
been
discovered
that
after
the
age
of
sixteen,
the
number of our brain
cells begins to decrease at a speed of several
million a year. They simply die
off. In
certain types of activity, the human brain is at
its highest point in the early twenties, ... and
we know that Albert Einstein made all
his world-shaking discoveries between the age of
about 20
and 25, and spent the
res
t of his life tidying them up and
arranging them.”
人们发现，
16
岁以
后，我们的脑细胞数量开始以每年几百万的速度减少。在某些类型的
活动中，人类的大脑
在
20
岁早期处于
巅峰状态
,...
我们知道阿尔伯特
·
爱因斯坦在
20
到
< br>25
岁之间做出了所有震
惊世界的发现。用余生来整理和
安排这些发现。根据对爱因斯坦所的发现可知，他的伟大
的发现是在
20-25
岁之间，更是印证了人类大脑在
20
年代初达到了巅峰，可推断出，本段
主要研究人类大脑巅峰期，故选
B
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段
“But
in
certain
other
types
of
activity
(of
which
being
an
author
is
perhaps
one),
experience
is
more
important
than
sharpness
of
brain,
and
there
one
usually finds that a
person reaches his or her peak much later in life.
”
但在某些其他类型的活动
中
(
作家可能是其中一种
)
，经验比头脑的敏捷更
重要，人们通常会发现一个人在他一生的
晚期才达到顶峰。可推断出有些人在晚年取得成
功是因为他们的工作中往往需要很多经
验。故选
A
。
（
< br>3
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“Besides
sharpness
of
brain
and
experience,
here
is
another thing that is
very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to
be wise is basically learning
what is
not possible
；
and what is
possible but so difficult that it is not worth all
the trouble one
has
to
go
through
to
get
there.
Mostly,
it
is
learning
about
human
nature
；
how
real
people
behave and react, as against how one
would like them to behave and react.”
除了
敏锐的头脑和
丰富的经验外，还有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。学习成为智者，要
基本的了解什
么是不可能的；学习有可能但又很困难的东西，以至于不值得一个人为了达
到目的而付出
所有的努力。最重要的是了解人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反应的，以
及人们希望他
们如何行为和反应的。由此可推断出智慧的重要性在于智慧能让人知道什么
可做，什么不
能做，即为人提供正确的努力方向。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Lean
ing
to
be
wise
is
basically
learning
what
is
not
possible
；
and what
is possible but so difficult that it is not worth
all the trouble one has to go
through
to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human
nature
；
how real people
behave and
react,
as
against
how
one
would
like
them
to
behave and
react.
One
can
read
and
hear
lot
of
idealistic stuff about
how to make the world a better place, which would
be found if it was based
on
an
accurate
observation
of
human
nature,”
成为智
者，要大体上知道什么是不可能的。学
习有可能但又如此困难的东西，以至于不值得一个
人为了达到目的而付出所有的努力。最
重要的是学习人性，了解真实的人是如何行为和反
应的，以及人们希望他们如何行为和反
应的。人们可以读到和听到很多关于如何使世界变
得更美好的理想主义的东西
.......
由此可
推断出聪明的人必须运用智慧来决定最好要做什么事。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及
推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出
正确答案。
10
< br>．
阅读理解
Regardless of how far we'd like to believe
gender(
性别
) equality in the
workplace has come,
there's still a
yawning gap between male and female leaders in the
professional world. A 2018
statistic
shows
that
women
nowadays
hold
just
5.8
percent
of
CEOs
positions
at
S&P
500
companies, according to
Catalyst.
While
it's
not
a
huge
shock
that
women
are
somewhat
underrepresented
in
leadership
positions, what is surprising though,
is the fact that females may actually be better
suited to lead
in almost every area, at
least according to new findings from the BI
Norwegian Business School.
In their research
，
Professor
yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas
surveyed (
调查
)2,900
managers with a special focus on
personality types. The results were clear: Women
scored higher
than men in four of the
five major leadership-centric
categories.
While some
people believe that men inherently make better
leaders
—
probably because
they
picture
a
leader
with
a
commanding
voice,
which
is
more
typical
of
men
than
women
—
this
piece of research suggests that women
are better at methodical management and goal-
setting,
openness, sociability and
supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate
clearly.
There
was
one
area
in
which
men
scored
higher
than
women,
though,
and
that
was
on
emotional
stability
and
ability
to
face
job-related
pressure
and
stress.
The
results
suggest
that
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