-
★
形容词：
1.
贫穷的：
poor = needy =
impoverished = poverty-stricken
2.
富裕的：
rich =
wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off
3.
优秀的：
excellent = eminent =
top = outstanding
4.
积极的，好的：
good = conducive =
beneficial=advantageous
5.
消极的，不良的：
bad = detrimental=
baneful =undesirable
6.
明显的：
obvious = apparent =
evident =manifest
7.
健康的
: healthy = robust =
sound = wholesome
8.
惊人的：
surprising = amazing =
extraordinary = miraculous
9.
美丽的：
beautiful
= attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching
10.
有活力的：
energetic = dynamic =
vigorous =animated
11.
流行的：
popular =
prevailing = prevalent= pervasive
here
普遍的
Widesprea
d
、
Prevalent
、
Overflow
、
Rampant
好的
Be
neficial
、
Advantageous
l
有害的
Inhumane
、
Detrimental
< br>、
Baneful
富有的
Wealthy
、
Affluent
贫穷的
Impoverished
s
严重的
Severe
s
明显的
Manifest
、
Apparent
、
Evident
便宜的
Economical
、
Inexpensiv
e
★
动词：
1.
提高，加强：
improve = enhance=
promote = strengthen = optimize
2.
引起：
cause =
trigger = endanger
3.
解决：
solve =resolve =address =
tackle =cope with = deal with
4.
拆除：
destroy = tear down =
knock down = eradicate
5.
培养
: develop = cultivate =
foster = nurture
6.
激发，鼓励：
encourage = motivate =
stimulate = spur
7.
认为：
think =
assert= hold = claim = argue
8.
完成：
complete =
fulfill = accomplish= achieve
9.
保留：
keep =
preserve = retain = hold
10.
有害于：
destroy =
impair = undermine = jeopardize
11.
减轻
: ease =
alleviate = relieve = lighten
e
提高：
Promote
、
Advance
、
En
hance
改变：
Transform
ize
强调：
Highlight<
/p>
、
Stress
、
Address(
这是个
9
星级用法
)
p
培养：
Agriculture
、
Cultivate
、
Nurture
破坏：
Impair
、
Undermine
这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏
Je
opardize
、
Devastate
保存
Pr
eserve
、
Conserve
保护资源
With
解决
Tackle
、
Address
（这也是高难度用法，很牛）<
/p>
、
Resolve
< br>需要
Require
、
nece
ssitate
、
call for
★
名词：
1.
影响：
influence=
impact
2.
危险：
danger = perils =hazard
3.
污染：
pollution = contamination
4.
人类：
human
beings= mankind = human race
5.
老人：
old people= the old = the elderly = the
aged = senior citizens
6.
幸福：
happiness = cheerfulness
= well-being
7.
老师：
teachers = instructors =
educators = lecturers
8.
教育：
education = schooling =
family parenting = upbringing
9.
青少年：
young
people = youngsters = youths = adolescents
10.
优点：
advantage = merits =
superiority = virtue
11.
责任：
responsibility = obligation = duty =
liability
12.
能力：
ability =
capacity = power = skill
13.
职业：
job = career = employment = profession
14.
娱乐：
enjoyment =
pastimes = recreation= entertainment
15.
孩子：
children = offspring = descendant= kid
ther
祖先
Ancestor
、
Predecessor
ence
不同
Gap
（简
单但是牛）
、
Distinction
犯罪
Delinquency
、
Criminal Act
nment
环境
Circumsta
nce
、
Atmosphere
、
Surrounding
、
Ambienc
e
ion
污染
Contamination
人类
The human race
Humanity
Humankind
危险
Peril
、
Haz
ard
modern society
在当今社会
In contemporary society
In present-day society In
this day and
age
★
短语：
1.
充满了：
be filled
with = be awash with = be inundate with = be
saturated with
2.
努力：
struggle for = aspire
after = strive for = spare no efforts for
3.
从事：
embark on =
take up = set about = go in for
4.
在当代
: in
contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in
this day and age
5.
大量的
: a host of = a multitude
of = a vast number of = a vast amount of
★
插入语
的确，
无疑，
r
然而，
sly
显然，
y
坦率地说，
lly
自然，
y
(
或
happily)for
sb.
算某人幸运，
ately/luckily
幸好，
ly
真的，
y
简单地说
,
e
to
say
说也奇怪，
ss to say
不用说，
impor tant of
all
最为重要
是，
still
更糟糕的是，
a few words(
或
in
sum
，
in
short)
简而言
之，
other
words
换句话说，
a
sense
在某种意义上，
general
一般说来，
my
view
在我看来，
conclusion
总之，
summary
概括地说，
fact
事实上，
the first
place
首先，
addition
此外，
course
当然，
my
knowledge
据我所知，
instance(
或
exampl
e)
例如，
a matter of
fact
事实上
, ly
speaking
严格地说，
lly
speaking
一般地说，
g
from
?根据??判断
,
?
be
sure
无疑，
sum
up
概括地说，
tell the
truth
老实说
,
34.I am
sure
我可以肯定地
说，
35.I believe
我相信，
36.I
wonder
我不知道，
is
也就是说，
seems
看来是，
I see it
照我看来，
is important (serious)
重要
(
严重
)
的是
1
解决
: Solve, deal
with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
2
损害：
Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair,
undermine, jeopardize
3
给与：
Give, offer,
render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4
培养：
：
Develop, cultivate, foster
5
优势：
Advantage,
merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
6
缺陷：
Disadvantage, demerit,
drawback, downside, weakness
7
使迷惑：
Puzzle, bewilder,
perplex, baffle
8
重
要
的
：
Key,
crucial,
critical,
important,
significant,
vital,
substantial,
indispensable, imperative
9
认为：
Think,
believe,
insist,
maintain,
assert,
conclude,
deem,
hold,
argue,
be
convinced, be firmly
convinced, be fully convinced
10
保护：
Protect,
conserve, preserve
11
确保：
Assure,
ensure, guarantee, pledge
12
有害的：
Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
13
要求
：
Request, demand, needs,
requisition
14
消除
：
Eliminate, clear, remove,
clear up, take away, smooth away
15
导致：
Lead
to,
bring
about,
result
in,
cause,
spark
off,
conduce
to,
procure,
induce, generate
16
因此：
So, therefore, thus,
hence, consequently, as a consequence,
accordingly, as
a result, because of
this, as a result of this
17
增长至：
Grow
to
，
rise
to
，
increase
to
，
go up
to
，
climb
to
，
ascend
to
，
jump
to
，
shoot to
18
降低至：
Dip
to
，
fall
to
，
decline
to
，
decrease
to
，
drop
to
，
go down
to
，
reduce
to
，
slump
to
，
descend
to
，
sink
to
，
slide to
19
保持稳定：
Level
out
，
do not
change
，
remain
stable
，
remain
still
，
remain
steady
，
be
stable
，
maintain the same
level
，
remain
unchanged
，
be
still
，
remain the same
level
，
stay
constant
，
keep at the same
level
，
level off
，<
/p>
stabilize
，
keep its
stability
，
even
out
20
急剧地：
Dramatically
，
drastically
，
sharply
，
hugely
，
enorm
ously
，
steeply
，
substantially
，
consid
erably
，
significantly
< br>，
markedly
，
surp
risingly
，
strikingly
，
radically
，
rema
rkably
，
vastly
，
noticeably
21
平稳地：
Steadily
，
smoothly
，
slightly
，
slowly
，
marginally
，
gradually
，
moder
ately
，
mildly
22
宣称：
Allege,
assert, declare, claim
23
发生：
Happen, occur, take place
24
原因：
Reason, factor, cause
25
发展：
Development, advance,
progress
26
有益的：
Useful, helpful,
beneficial, profitable,
rewarding
，
advantageous
27
影响：
Influence, impact, effect
28
明显的：
Clear,
obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest,
apparent, crystal-clear
29
占：
Comprise,
take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make
up, occupy, hold,
compose
30
与?相比：
Compared
with
，
compared
to
，
in comparison
with
，
in comparison
to
，
by comparison
with
，
by comparison to
31
对比而言：
By
contrast
，
in
contrast
，
on the other
hand
，
on the
contrary=
，
conversely
32
展示：
Show,
reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present,
represent, describe
33
大约：
Approximately
，
almost
，
about
，
around
，
nearly<
/p>
，
roughly
< br>34
波动：
Fluctuate
，
go ups and
downs
，
display a
fluctuation
，
demonstrate a
fluctuation
35<
/p>
事实上：
Practically
，
in practice
，
essenti
ally
，
in
essence
，
in
reality
，
in
effect
，
in
fact
，
as a matter of
fact
，
it is a fact that
36
换言之：
Namely
，
that
is
to
say
，
in
other
words
，
to
put
it
like
this
，
to
put
it
differently
，
to
put it from another way
，
to
put it from another angle.
替换词
duals,characters,
folks
替换
people ,persons
2: positive, favorable,
rosy (
美好的
)
，
promising (
有希望的
)
，
perfect, pleasurable ,
excellent, outstanding,
superior
替换
good
3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse,
ill (
有害的
)
替换
bad
如果
bad
做表语
，可以
有
be less
impressive
替换
army
of
college
students
indulge
themselves
in
playing
games,
enjoying
romance with
girls/boys or killing time passively in their
dorms. When it approaches
to graduation
,as a result, they find their academic records are
less impressive.
4.(an army
of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host
of, many, if not
most)
替换
many.
注：用
many,
if
not
most
一定要小心，
many
后一定要有词。
Eg.
Many
individuals, if not
most, harbor the idea that
?
.
同理
用
most, if not all
,
替换
most.
5: a slice of, quiet a few ,
several
替换
some
6:harbor the idea that, take the
attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely
shared that,
it is universally
acknowledged that)
替
think
(
因为是书面语，所以要加
that)
7:affair ,business ,matter
替换
thing
8: shared
代
common
huge
fruits
替换
get many benefits )
10:for my part ,from my own
perspective
替换
in
my opinion
11:Increasing(ly),growing
替换
more and more(
注意没有
growingly
这种形式。所
以当修饰名词时用
increasing/growing.
修饰形容词，副词用
increasingly.
has
gained
growing
popularity.
Sth
is
increasingly
popular
with
the
advancement of sth.
if
anything,
或
little or
nothing
替换
hardly
13..beneficial,
rewarding
替换
helpful
r,client,consumer,purchaser,
替换
customer
ingly,extremely, intensely
替换
very
necessary, hardly inevitable ...
替换
unnecessary,
avoidable
appeals to sb,
sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb
替换
sb take interest in
/ sb. be interested in
e one
’
s
attention
替换
attract
one
’
s attention.
,demension,sphere
代
aspect
indicative of ,be
suggestive of ,be fearful
of
代
indicate,
suggest ,fear
rise to,
lead to, result in, trigger
替换
cause
22. There are several reasons behind
sth
替换
..reasons for sth
替换
want
attention into
替换
pay attention to
in mind that
替换
remember
26. enjoy, possess
替换
have(
注意
process
是过程的意思
)
27.
interaction
替换
communication
on
sth
替换
be against
, disagree with sth
name
only a few, as an example
替换
for example, for instance
30. next to / virtually
impossible,
替换
nearly / almost
impossible
1.
狮舞（
Lion
Dance
）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中
国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（
mascot
）
。古人将狮子视作是勇
敢和力量的化身，能驱赶
邪恶、保护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了
2,000
多年的
历史。在唐代（
the Tang Dynasty
）
，狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为
元宵节
（
the Lantern Festival
）和其他节日的
习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和
幸福。
The Lion Dance is one of the most
widespread folk dances in lion is the
king
of
animals.
In
Chinese
tradition,
the
lion
is
regarded
as
a
mascot,
which
can
bring
good
t
people
regarded
the
lion
as
a
symbol
of
braveness
and
strength, which could drive away evil
and protect humans. The dance has a recorded
history
of
more
than
2,000
years.
During
the
Tang
Dynasty,
the
Lion
Dance
was
already
introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.
Therefore, performing the lion
dance
at
the
Lantern
Festival
and
other
festive
occasions
became
a
custom
where
people could pray for good luck, safety
and happiness.
2.
中国将进一步发展经济、
扩大开放，这对海外企业（
ente
rprises
）意味着更多的
商机。
改革开放以来，
中国企业与海外企业一直积极开展经济技术合作，
并取得
了巨大成就。
海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长，<
/p>
而且也在合作中获得了收益。
中国政府将继续提供有利的政策和条
件，
推动中国企业与国外企业进一步开展合
作。
China
will
develop
its
economy
further
and
open
itself
wider
to
the
outside
world,which offers
more business opportunities to overseas
enterprises. Since China
’
s
reform
and
opening
up,
Chinese
enterprises
have
been
cooperating
with
overseas
enterprises in
terms of economy and technology, and have scored
great achievement.
Overseas enterprises
have not only helped Chinese enterprises with
their growth, but
also
benefited
from
the
cooperation.
Chinese
government
will
continue
to
offer
favorable policies and
conditions to promote the further cooperation
between Chinese
and overseas
enterprises.
3.
假
日经济的现象表明：
中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。
根
据统计数据，
中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、
舒适和个人发展的需
求。
同时，
中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。
因此产品结构
< br>应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提
高
生活质量的要求。
The
phenomenon
of
holiday
economy
shows
that
Chinese
people
’
s
consumption
concept is
undertaking great ing to statistics, the demands
of Chinese
consumers
are
shifting
from
the
basic
necessities
of
life
to
leisure,
comfort
and
personal
ore,
the
structure
of
products
should
be
adjusted
accordingly
to
adapt
to
social
development.
On
the
other
hand,
services
should
be
improved to satisfy
people
’
s demand for an
improved quality of life.
4
.
端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰
的大臣（
minister
）
< br>,
他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（
v
ilify
）
而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下
粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要
吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（
glutinous
dumplings
）和
赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
The Duan Wu Festival, also called the
Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the
patriotic
poet
Qu
Yuan.
Qu
Yuan
was
a
loyal
and
highly
esteemed
minister,
who
brought peace and
prosperity to the state but ended up drowning
himself in a river as a
result of being
got
to
the spot by boat
and cast
glutinous dumplings
into the
water,hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings
instead of Qu Yuan
’
s body.
For
thousands of years, the festival
has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon
boat races, especially in the southern
provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.
5.2013
年
6
月
20
日在中国各地，
剧估计
60
万儿童和他们的老师观看了有宇航员
（
astronaut
）王亚平在距离
地球
300
公里的上空所讲授的科学课。王亚平与两个
同事乘坐天宫一号实验舱
(the
Tiangon-1
laboratory
module)
执行为期两周的任
务
。
她在课上进行了一系列太空的物理演示。
在有些演示中还对比
了在地球上重
力（
one-gravity
）环境下同样的实验。这堂物理课不仅让孩子们享受了一堂知识
与乐趣兼具的物理课
，也显示了我国通信科技的前进。
On
June
20,
2013,
an
estimated
600
thousand
school
children
and
their
teachers
across
China
watched
a
science
lesson
taught
from
300km
above
the
Earth
by
astronaut Wang Yaping. Wang is aboard
the Tiangong-1 laboratory module with two
crewmates,
for
a
two-week
mission.
Her
lessons
were
a
series
of
physics
demonstrations
in
the
space.
In
some
demonstrations,she
compared
with
the
same
experiment
under
the
one-gravity
environment
on
Earth.
The
lesson
has
not
only
offered
children
a
physics
lesson
with
knowledge
and
interest,
but
also
shows
the
advance in communication technology of
China.
6.
朝气蓬勃，充满
活力，丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影。虽然上海的文化遗
迹不能与北京媲美，
但是上海迷人的城市风貌，
风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市
注入了无限的魅力。
今日之上海，
已经成为享誉中
外的国际大都市。
漫步在这座
日新月异的现代大都市里，
你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点，
隐现在众多摩天大楼
< br>背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹。
它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来，
尤其是
新中国成立以后，是如何迅猛发展的。
Shanghai
is
a
dynamic,
diverse
and
stimulating
city
-
the
very
epitome
of
modern
Shanghai
cannot
rival
Beijing
in
cultural
heritage,
its
varied
architectural styles and cosmopolitan
feel give it a charm of its own. Today's Shanghai
has
become
a
world-famous
international
metropolis.
A
walk
through
this
booming
city reveals many
glimpses of its colorful past. Hidden a mongst the
skyscrapers are
remains
of
the
original
keep
on
showing
how
Shanghai
has
been
developing fast and
enormously since its opening as a commercial port
in the late 19th
century, especially
after the founding of new China.
7.
近代以来，亚洲经历了曲折和艰难的发展历程。亚洲人们为改变自己的
命运，
始终以不屈的意志和艰辛的奋斗开辟前进道路。
今天，<
/p>
人们所看到的亚洲发展成
就，是勤劳智慧的亚洲人民不屈不挠、锲
而不舍奋斗的结果。亚洲人民深知，世
界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展模式，
也没有一成不变的发展道路，
亚洲人民勇
于变革创
新，
不断开拓进取，
探索和开辟适应时代潮流，
符合自身实际的发展道
路，为经济社会发展打开了广阔前景。
< br>
In
modern
times,
Asia
experienced
twists
and
turns
in
its
development.
To
change
their
destiny, the people of Asia have been forging
ahead in an indomitable spirit and
with
hard
struggle.
Asia's
development
achievements
today
are
the
result
of
the
persistent
efforts of the industrious and talented Asian
people. The people of Asia re
fully
aware that there is no ready model or unchanging
path of development that is
universally
applicable. They never shy away from reform and d,
they
are
committed
to
exploring
and
finding
development
paths
that
are
in
line
with
the
trend of the times and
their own situations, and have opened up bright
prospects for
economic and social
development.
8.
、
吸烟之危害，
可谓大矣，
其严重性是不
能低估的。
吸烟污染空气，
损害健康，
使肺癌发病率大大增加。
为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病
和死亡，世界卫生组织已将每年的
5
月
31
日定为“世界无烟日”
。瘾君子们说，
一天饭不吃可以，
一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了，
不能戒。
只要真正意识到吸烟有百
害而无一利，
于人于己都是一种祸害，
就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。
< br>戒烟贵
在坚持，坚持下去就是收获。
Smoking
does
great
harm
to
human
and
its
gravity
should
not
be
underestimated.
Smoking
pollutes air, damages health, and increases the
incidence of lung cancer. To
arouse
the
awareness
about
the
prevalence
of
tobacco
in
all
the
countries
and
to
prevent smoking-induce
diseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health
Organization)
has defined May 31stin
every
year as
World No-Tobacco Day. The tobacco
addicts
say that smoking is impossible
to quit because they could do without meals in a
day
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