2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案解析

2016

年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

英语< /p>

(

一

)

试题

Section 1

Use of English

Directious:

Read the following

Text

. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and

mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

In Cambodia, the choice of a souse is a complex one for the young male. It may

involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a

matchmaker.A young man 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3

the

marriage

negotiations,

or

the

young

man’s

parents

may

make

the

choice

of

a

spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her

parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other

to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.

The

traditional

wedding

is

a

long

and

colorful

affair.

Formerly

it

lasted

three

days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer

a

short

sermon

and

8

prayers

of

blessing.

Parts

of

the

ceremony

involve

ritual

hair

cutt

ing, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists,

and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the

11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them

up to a year, 13 they can bulid a new house nearby.

Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorces persons are 15 with

some disapproval. Easch spouse retains 16 property he or she Divorced persons may.

1.

[A]by way of

[B]with regard to

[C]on behalf of

[D]as well as

2.

[A]decide on

[B]provide for

[C]compete with

[D]adapt to

3.

[A]close

[B] arrange

[C]renew

[D]postpone

4.

[A]In theory

[B] Above all

[C]In time

[D]For example

5.

[A]Unless

[B] Lest

[C]After

[D]Although

1

6.

[A]into

[B] within

[C]from

[D]through

7.

[A]or

[B]since

[C]but

[D]so

8.

[A] test

[B]copy

[C]recite

[D]create

9.

[A]folding

[B]piling

[C]wrapping

[D]tying

10.

[A]passing

[B]lighting

[C]hiding

[D]serving

11.

[A]association

[B]meeting

[C]collection

[D]union

12.

[A]deal

[B]part

[C]grow

[D]live

13.

[A]whereas

[B]until

[C]for

[D]if

14.

[A]avoid

[B]follow

[C]challenge

[D]obtain

15.

[A]isolated

[B]persuaded

[C]viewed

[D]exposed

16.

[A]wherever

[B]whatever

[C]whenever

[D]however

17.

[A]changed

[B]brought

[C]shaped

[D]pushed

18.

[A]invested

[B]divided

[C]donated

[D]withdrawn

19.

[A]warms

[B]clears

[C]shows

[D]breaks

20.

[A]while

[B]so that

[C]once

[D]in that

Text

1

France

，

which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion , has decided its

fashion industry has

lost an absolute right

to

define physical

beauty for

women.

Its

lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to

employ

ultra-thin

models

on

runways .

The

parliament

also

agreed

to

ban

websites

that ―incite excessive thinness‖ by promoting extreme dieting.

Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should

not be defined by looks that end up im

pinging on health. That’s a start And the ban on

ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to

death

–

as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility

for the signal it sends women , especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure

they must use to determine their individual worth.

The bans ,if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they

should

not

let

others

be

arbiters

of

their

beauty.

And

perhaps

faintly,

they

hint

that

2

people

should

look

to

intangible

qualities

like

character

and

intellect

rather

than

dieting their way to size zero or wasp- waist physiques.

The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a

culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using

a fashion model that does not meet a govemment-defined index of body mass could

result in a $$85,000 fine and six months in prison.

The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material

adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other

countries, it is

trying to

set

voluntary standards for models and fashion images that

rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.

In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on

rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The

newly

revised

Danish

Fashion

Ethical

Charter

clearly

states:‖We

aware

of

and

take

responsibility

for

the

impact

the

ideals,

especially

on

young

people‖.

The

charter’s

main tool of enforcement is (CFW), which is run by the Danish

21. According to the first paragraph

，

what would happen in France?

【

A

】

Physical beauty would be redefined.

【

B

】

New runways would be constructed.

【

C

】

Wcbsites about dieting would thrive.

【

D

】

The fanshing industry would decline.

22. The phrase ―impinging on‖(Line 2

，

Para.2) is closest in meaning to

【

A

】

heighte ning the value of.

【

B

】

indicating the state of.

【

C

】

losing faith in.

【

D

】

doing harm to.

23. Which of the following is true od the fashion industry?

3

【

A

】

The French measures have already failed.

【

B

】

New standrds are being set in Denmark.

【

C

】

Models are no longer under peer pressure.

【

D

】

Its inberent problerma are getting wotse.

Text

2

For

the

first

time

in

history

more

people

live

in

towns

than

in

the

country,

In

Britain

this

has

had

a

c

urious

result.

While

polls

show

Britons

rate‖the

countryside‖alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce

(NHS)

at

what

makes

them

proudest

of

their

country

，

this

has

limited

political

support.

A

century

ago

Octavia

Hill

Launched

the

national

trust

not

to

rescue

stylish

houses

but

to

save

―the

beauty

of

natural

places

for

everyone

forever‖

It

was

specifically

to

provide

city

dwellers

with

space

for

leisure

where

they

could

experience―a refreshing air .‖Hill is pressure later led t

o creation of national parks and

green

belts.

They

don’t

make

countryside

any

more

，

and

every

year

concrete

consumes more of it . it needs constant guardianship.

At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.

The

conservatives

planning

reform

explicitly

gives

rural

development

priority

over

conservation

，

even

authorsing

―off

-< /p>

plan‖building

where

local

people

might

object.

The

concept

of

sustainable

development

has

been

defined

as

profitable.

Labour

likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The

liberal

democrats

are

silent.

Only

ukip,

sensing

its

chance,has

sided

with

those

pleading for a more considered approach to using green Campaign to protect

rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.

The

sensible

place

to

build

new

houses

，

factories

and

offices

is

where

people

are

，

in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents stirling

ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area

4

alone

，

with

no

intrusion

on

green

is

true

of

London

is

even

truer

of

the

provinces.

The

idea

that‖housing

crisis

‖equals

―concreted

meadows‖

is

pure

lobby

talk.

The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always

，

where to put them. Under

lobby

pressure

，

George

Osboyne

favours

rural

new-build

against

urban

renovation

and renewal. He favours out-of-town,shopping sites against high streets . this is not a

free market but a biased one. Rural town and villages have grown and will

26 Britain is public sentiment about the countryside

A has brought much benefit to the NHS

B didn’t start till the Shakespearean age

C is fully backed by the royal family

D is not well reflected in politics

27 According to Paragraph 2

，

the achievements of the National Trust are now

being

A gradually destroyed

B effectively reinforced

C properly protected

D largely overshadowed

28 which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation

B the conservatives may abandon ‖off

-

plan―building

C the liberal democrats are losing political influence

D labour is under attack for opposing development

29 the author holds that George Osborne is preference

A reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas

B shows his disregard for character of rural areas

C stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis

D highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure

5

30 in the last paragraph

，

the author shows his appreciation of

A the size of population in Britain

B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain

C the town-and-country planning in Britain

D the political life in today is Britain

Text

4

There will eventurally come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish

stories on newsprint .Exactlly when that day will be is a matter of debate.‖So

metime

in the future ‖,the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.

Nostalgia

for

ink

on

paper

and

the

rustle

of

pages

aside,

there’s

plenty

of

incentive

toditch

print.

The

infrastructure

required

to

make

a

physical

newspaper

—

printing presses ,delivery trucks-

isn’t just expensive it’s excessive at

a

time

when

online-

only

competitors

don’t

have

the

same

set

of

financial

s are

migrating

away

from print

away .And though print ad sales

still dwarf thire online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.

Over way be high and circulation lower ,but rushing to eliminate its print edition

would be a mistake ,say BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.

Pereti says the Time should’t waste time getting out of the print business,

But only if they go about it the right w

ay .‖Fighting out of a way to accelerate

that transition

would make sense of them,‖he said,―but

if

you discontinue it―you’re

going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.‖

Sometimes,that’s worth making a change i gives the e

xample seen

as a blunder,‖he said.―The move turned out to be if peretti would rale

prices and make it into more of a legacy product.‖

The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and

they’d

feel

like

they

were

helping

sustain

the

quality

of

something

they

believe

in

,‖So

if

you’re

overpaying

for

print,you

could

feel

like

you

were

helping,‖Perettisaid ―Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to

generate

additional

revenue.‖In

other

words,if

you’re

going

to

make

a

print

6

product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it .which way be what

the time is doing already .Getting the print edition seven days a week costs each

–

a

year-more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.

New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to

[A]the pressure from its investors.

[B]the complaints from its readers.

[C]the high cost of operation.

[D]the increating online ad sales.

i suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should

[A]make strategic adjustments

[B]end the print sdition for good.

[C]seek new sources of readership.

[D]aim for efficient management.

can be inferred form Paragraphs 5and6 that a ―legacy

product‖

[A]will have the cost of printing reduced.

[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.

[C]helps restore the glory of former times.

[D]expands the popularity of the paper.

i believes that,in a changing world,

[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.

[B]aggressiveness better meets challenges.

[C]cautiousness facilitates problem- solving.

[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.

of the following would be the best title of the

Text

?

[A]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.

[B]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.

[C]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.

[D]Shift Online Newspapers All at Once.

Part B

Directions:

7