安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语一模试卷

)

第一节

(

共

15

小题；每小题

2

分，满分

30

分

)

< br>阅读下列短文，从每题所给的

A

、

B

、

C

和

D

四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

The

following

4

famous

paintings-from

Jan

van

Eyck

’

s

portrait

to

Pablo

Picasso

’

s masterpiece-have stood the test of time.

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The Arnolfini Portrait

Jan van Eyck

’

s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434,

in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her,

is

undoubtedly

one

of

the

masterpieces

in

the

National

Gallery,

London.

This

painting

is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on

fifteenth- century

society,

through

van

Eyck

’

s

heavy

use

of

symbolism-while

husbands

went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.

The Starry Night

Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas(

帆布

), a moderately

abstract

landscape

painting

of

an

expressive

night

sky

over

a

small

hillside

village,

during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital near Saint-Remy-de- Provence, France

between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the

painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since

become one of van Gogh's most famous works.

The Harvesters

The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder

in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months

of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector

from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan

Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.

Guernica

Guernica,

a

large

black-and-white

oil

painting,

was

painted

by

the

Cubist

Spanish

painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title

‘

Guernica

’< /p>

refers to the city that was

bombed by Nazi planes during

the

Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the

horrors

of

war

and

as

a

result,

has

come

to

be

an

anti-war

symbol

and

a

reminder

of

the

tragedies

of

war.

Today,

the

painting

is

housed

at

the

Museo

National

Centro

de

Arte

Reina

Sofia

in Madrid.

21. Which of the following paintings was produced earliest?

A. Guernica. B. The Harvesters. C. The Starry Night. D. The Arnolfini

Portrait.

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22. Who created the painting describing the harvest seasons?

A.

Pieter

Bruegel

the

Elder. B.

Vincent

van

Gogh. C.

Jan

van

Eyck. D.

Pablo

Picasso.

23. What do we know about the painting The

Starry Night

?

A. It was painted on wood in oils. B. It described the painter's life in

hospital.

C. It wasn't widely recognized before 1941. D. It was given away to the museum by

a collector.

B

Adventure-seeker Emma broke her ankle when she fell awkwardly while climbing a

rock and spent a week in hospital waiting for an operation on her foot. When she was

sent home to recover under strict instructions not to bear any weight, she became

so

fearful

of

crutches(

拐杖

)that

she

didn't

move

for

three

weeks.

“

I

tried

crutches

but I kept falling over and injuring myself. So I literally just stayed on the sofa

all day,

”

says Emma.

She was gutted at the thought of missing the Wolf Run-a quarterly event that she

hasn

’

t missed since 2014.

“

If you complete four Wolf Runs in a year, one in each

season, you get Alpha Wolf status,

”

explains Emma.

fifth in a row as an Alpha Wolf and I was really upset that I

’

d lose my status.

”

So she was willing to try anything to get through the course-even with her injured

ankle.

it a go. Having something to aim for really kept me going,

”

Emma completed the run

wearing

an

iWALK2.

0,

which

is

a

medically- approved

device

and

it

basically

functions

like a hi-tech artificial leg, allowing users to walk freely. I decided to get one

and

it

completely

changed

my

recovery.

I

could

move

around

the

house

and

start

getting

out and about again, which had a real impact on my mental well-being.

”

On the day of the race, Emma was nervous but the sound of people cheering her

on kept her motivated. Emma made it over the finish line in just under six hours and

clocked

up

her

23rd Wolf

Run

in

five

years.

“

It was an incredible

day and my

- 5 -

determination to finish combined with the support I received along the way kept me

going,

24. Why was Emma frightened to use a crutch?

A. She was afraid of recovering slowly. B. She was warned not to move around.

C. She just had an operation on her foot. D. She often got injured when using

one.

25. What does the underlined word

A. Extremely sad. B. A bit relieved. C. Very surprised. D. Pretty

cheerful.

26. What actually made Emma take part in the race?

A. Her new hi-tech artificial leg. B. Her fear of letting her friend

down.

C. Her strong desire to achieve her ambition. D. Her complete recovery from the

operation.

27. Which of the following best describes Emma?

A. Strong-willed. B. Supportive. C. Creative. D. Humorous.

C

Erik Kobayashi-Solomon spent a day with Dr. Paul Gauthier, a plant physiologist

specializing

in

vertical

farming

research

and

came

away

with

several

important

ideas

about vertical farming.

Humans have 12,000 years of experience growing food, but only a generation or

so

worth

of

experience

growing

crops

indoors.

We

are

still

progressing

up

the

technology

learning

curve(

学习曲线

).

What's

more,

traditional

farming

techniques

are

based on conditions that, not applicable to vertical farming. Therefore, without

taking time to understand the science, vertical farming is not likely to be able to

live up to its implied promises.

The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest problems a vertical

farm must overcome. Dr. Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms

as

“

pie-in-the- sky

businesses.

He

famously

calculates,

for

instance,

that

the

cost

of a loaf of bread would be$$24 if farmed indoors-the cost is too high. Gauthier

- 6 -

acknowledges

that

energy

prices

are

high

but

points

out

that

scientific

work

has

shown

that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis(

光合作用

),

so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light.

Gauthier

also

points

out

that

while

energy

costs

are

a

bit

high,

vertical

farming

does

create

high

efficiencies

in

other

areas.

Water

usage

may

be

significantly

reduced

because the same water can be recycled time and again. Fertilizer use can be greatly

reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary. It

’

s clear that vertical

farming offers real value to society.

The

future

is

probably

mixed.

In

some

environments-the

Middle

East,

for

instance-a

move

to

vertical

fanning

is

a

no-brainer.

An

indoor

farm

in

Saudi

Arabia,

for

instance,

can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading out other farmland.

In other geographies, though, the expense of establishing a facility places a high

bar on growth and profitability. A large vertical farming and equipment operation

only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine-year life.

28. What can we infer about vertical farming in Paragraph 2?

A. It will replace traditional farming one day. B. It relies on research of more

basic science.

C. It can be applicable on different conditions. D. It actually came into being

12, 000 years ago.

29. What does Dr. Albright think of vertical farms?

A. They use less light than traditional ones.

B. They may seem very unlikely to succeed.

C. They can overcome many problems in farming.

D. They do not need any natural sunlight any longer.

30. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A. The ways of reducing costs of vertical farming. B. The secrets of developing

vertical farming.

C. The recent trend of vertical farming. D. The benefits of vertical

farming.

31. Why is the example of

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