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英语单词发音规则详解
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读
音
例
词
编
号
a
在开音节中
[ei] name plane Jane baby cake
1-01
在闭音节中
[?
] bag dad hat map black
back
1-02
e
在开音节中
[i:] he these me Chinese
1-03
在闭音节中
[e] bed let
pen desk yes egg 1-04
i
在开音节中
[ai] bike
fly drive time nice kite 1-05
在闭音节中
[I]
fish big drink sit milk
swim
1-06
o
在开音节中
[ou] those
close go hoe home no 1-07
在闭音节中
[ ] clock
not box shop sock
1-08
u
在开音节中
[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09
在闭音节中
[ ] bus cup jump much
lunch 1-10
在开音节中,元音字母
u
在辅音字母
j l r s
后面时读
[u:]
音,
例如:
June blue ruler super
1-11
二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读
音
例
词
编
号
a [ ] China
another woman breakfast
2-01
orange comrade
village cabbage 2-02
e [ ] hundred
student open weekend 2-03
chicken pocket
begin children 2-04
i [ ] holiday
beautiful family animal 2-05
[ai]
exercise satellite
2-06
o [ ] second
tonight somebody welcome 2-07
[ u] also zero photo 2-08
u [ ] autumn diffcult 2-09
[ju(
) popular
congratulation January 2-10
动词中的
a
如果处在开音节位置,
a
读
[ei]
音,例如:
operate
2-11
u
处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母
j
l r s
后面时,读
[u(
例如:<
/p>
July influence February issue 2-12
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母
a e i
即可以读作
[
]
音,也可以读作
音。
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读
音
例
词
编
号
p>
a
在
[w]
音后面
[ ]want what watch wash
quality 3-01
a
在
f
n sk ph sp ss st th
前
[
α
:] after plant
graph ask grasp glass fast father
3-02
i
在
-nd -ld
< br>和
gh
前
[ai] find child light high
3-03
o
在
-st
-ld
前
[ou] most
postcard old cold
3-04
o
在
m n v
th
前
[ ] come
monkey love mother 3-05
四、
-r
音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读
音
例
词
编
号
ar
[
α
:] car farm dark sharpener
4-01
ar
在
[w]
音后面
[ :]warm
quarter towards
4-02
or[ :] forty morning short 4-03
or
在
[w]
音后面
[ :]word worker worse
4-04
)
音,
er ir ur [ :]
certainly bird Thursday 4-05
辅音字母
r
双写时,前面的元音字母不能与
< br>r
构成
-r
音节
,
而是按重读闭音节
的拼读规则发音。例如:
carry sorry hurry 4-06
-r
音节在非重读音节中通常读
[
]
音,例如:
dollar
teacher
martyr
forget
Saturday4-07
< br>五、
-re
音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读
音
例
词
编
号
are [ε ]care
dare hare 5
-01
ere [i ] here
mere 5-02
ire [ai ]fire hire wire
5-03
ore [
:]more score before5-04
ure [ju ]pure
cure5-05
完整的
-re
音节
are
ere
ire
ore
很少出现在非重读音节中,
ure
在非重读音节
中读
[
]
音,例如:
picture pleasure
非重读音节中
-re
音节的变体通常发
[
r]
音,例如:
salary5-06
p>
重读元音字母加
Rr
,
再加非重读元字组时,
重读元音字母应按
-re
音节拼
读规则拼读,字母
Rr
读
[r]
音。
例如:
parent zero story during
inspiring 5-07
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如:
orange very American
paragraph 5-08
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读
音
例
词
编
号
ai/ay [ei]
afraid rain wait day play6-01
air [ε ]air hair chair pair
repair 6
-02
al [ :l] small
ball talk wall all 6-03
always also salt almost6-04
al
在
f
m
前
[α:] half
calm
6-05
au/aw [ :]autumn daughter draw6-06
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please6-07
[e] heavy bread sweater
weather6-08
[ei] break great 6-09
ear [i ]hear dear near
clear year 6-10
[ε ]bear pear wear swear
6
-11
[ :]earth learn early 6-12
ee [i:] jeep week green three6-13
eer [i ]pioneer deer beer6-14
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they6-15
eu/ew
在
j l r
s
后
[ju:] new few
newspaper6-16
[u:] flew brew jewelry 6-17
ie/[s]
音后拼写为
ei
[i:] piece field receive seize 6-18
oa
[ou] coat Joan boat goal6-19
oar/oor [ :]roar board door floor 6-20
oi/oy [ i]noise point boy toilet6-21
oo [u:] broom food tooth school 6-22
book look cook foot
good6-23
ou/ow [au] flower house count
down6-24
[
u]know row throw though 6-25
[ ]young
country enough6-26
[u:] group you soup
6-27
our [ :]course your four 6-28[au ]
our hour ours 6-29
[ :]journey 6-30
ui
在
j l r
s
后
[ju:i] fluid
suicide tuition 6-31
[u:] juice fruit
suit 6-32
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读
音
例
词
编
号
ai/ay ei/ey
Sunday foreign monkey 7-01
ow [ou]
yellow sparrow tomorrow 7-02
元音字组在非重读音节中读
[
]
音或。
例如
:neighbour serious famous
biscuit coffee 7-03
-sion -tion [
n]impression nation 7-04
-sion
在元音字母后
[ n]vision decision occasion 7-05
-tion
在
s
后
[n]question suggestion 7-06
-sten [sn] listen 7-07
-stle
[sl] whistle 7-08
-sure []pleasure
measure 7-09
-ture []
picture culture 7-10
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
p>
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍
按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如:
everyday[ei]
handbag[?
]
blackboard[ :]
8-01
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成
为一个词。其中
的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如:
sun
太阳
+ day[ei]
日子
>
Sunday
星期天
holy
神圣
+ day[ei]
日子
>
holiday
假日
break
中断
+ fast[
α
:]
斋戒
>
breakfast[ ]
早餐
cup
茶杯
+ board
木板
[ :]
>
cupboard[ ]
碗柜
main
主要部分
+
land
陆地
[?
]
>
mainland[ ]
大陆
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组
读
音
例
词
编
号
b
bike bus bag 9-01
[/] bomb tomb9-02
c
[k] cake picture coat music
9-03
c
在
e
前或在
i/y
前
[s] face decide cinema 9-04
ch [ ]much chick rich teacher9-05
[k] school
headache chemistry9-06
[ ]machine
Chicago9-07
-ck [k] cock pocket black
knock 9-08
d [d] doctor bread hand day
9-09
-dge [ ]
bridge fridge
9-10
dr- [dr] children driver drink
9-11
f [f] five four breakfast 9-12
g
g
在
e
i/y
前
[ ]
bag gardon go 9-13
[ ]
orange large German 9-14
gh [f] cough enough 9-15
[/]
light daughter high 9-16
gu- [ ]
guess league dialogue guitar 9-17
[ w]
language anguish 9-18
h [h] hot head house hand 9-19
[/] hour honest honor9-20
j
[ ]jeep jar joke join July 9-21
k [k]
kind bike skate make week 9-22
kn- [n] knife know knock
9-23
l [l] life milk school tall 9-24
m [m] monkey come example 9-25
-mn [m] autumn column solemn 9-26
n
n
在
[k]
[g]
音前
[n] not
shine ten note 9-27
[ ]uncle thank
hungry 9-28
-ng [ ]
morning
young wrong 9-29
p [p] paper plane pig
ship pen 9-30
ph [f] elephant photo
telephone 9-31
q [k] Iraq 9-32
qu- [kw] quality quite 9-33
r [r] red rubber ruler 9-34
s
在词首或清辅音前
元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sit sleep desk 9-35
[z] music husband
9-36
sh [ ]
she fish shirt
wash 9-37
t
在通常情况下
在弱读字母
ia ie
io
前
[t] ten
letter meet 9-38
[ ]patient nation 9-39
tch [ ]watch catch match 9-40
th
在通常情况下
在冠词
代词
介词
连词中
在词尾
-the
-ther
中
[
θ
] thin thirty
method9-41
ch [ ]much chick rich
teacher9-05
[k] school headache
chemistry9-06
[ ]machine Chicago9-07
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock 9-08
d [d] doctor bread hand day 9-09
-dge [ ]
bridge fridge 9-10
dr- [dr] children driver drink 9-11
f [f] five four breakfast 9-12
g
g
在
e
i/y
前
[ ]
bag gardon go 9-13
[ ]orange large German 9-14
[ ]the these with than9-42
[
]clothe father weather 9-43
tr- [tr]
tree train country truck 9-44
v [v]
very voice love leave 9-45
w [w] week
win wake sweet wait 9-46
[/] answer two
9-47
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